简介：Objective:Toobservetherevascularizationandtheopportunityofcross-fingerflap.Methods:Ananimalmodelwasdevelopedtopermitdailymonitoringofneovascularizationoftheflapwithautoradiography,tissuetransparenttechnique,grossobservationandhistologicalexamination.Results:Therevascularizationoftheflapwaschieflyraisedfromthesurroundingtissues.Thepediclesof334cross-fingerflapsofthepatientsweresuccessfullydividedfrom1to5dafteroperations,averagely3.3d.Allofthecasesshowedsatisfatoryresultsaccordingtoafollow-upsurveyof3to72mon.theresultsfurtherprovedthattherevascularizationofthecross-fingerflapshadaccomplishedwithin3d.Conclusions:Itsuggeststhatthedivisionofacrossfingerflapcanbecarriedoutbetweenthe3rdand5thdayafteroperationwithahighdegreeofsafety.

简介：ＩＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＴｈｏｒａｃｉｃ＆ＣａｒｄｉｏｖａｓｃｕｌａｒＳｕｒｇｅｒｙ，ＦｉｒｓｔＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙＨｏｓｐｉｔａｌ，ＷｅｓｔＣｈｉｎａＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＭｅｄｉｃａｌＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ，Ｃｈｅｎｇｄｕ，Ｓｉｃｈｕａｎ６１００４...

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简介：Objective:Thepurposeofthisexperimentalstudywastoexplorethemechanismofthevertebralosteophyteformation.Methods:Anexperimentalmodelofcervicalspondylosisinrabbitswasestablishedbyresectionofthecervicalsupraspinousandinterspinousligamentsanddetachmentoftheposteriorparavertebralmusclesfromcervicalvertebrae.Becauseofindividualdifference,Thenaturaldevelopmentprocedureofthevertebralosteophyteformationcouldbeseenwithamicroscopebydynamicobservation.Results:Thecartilageend-platewasdividedintoagrowthcartilagelayerandanarticularcartilagelayer.Vertebraeanddiscsfromthe3-monthcontrolgrouprabbitsshowednormalstructure.Thechangesofcartilageplatesfromthe3-montheexperimentalgroupandthe8-monthcontrolgroupanimalsshowedproliferationinperipheralarticularcartilage.Theosteophytesfromthe8-montheexperimentalgroupanimalscouldbeseen.Theosteophyteobviouslyarisedfromproliferation,calcificationandossificationoftheperipheralarticularcartilage.Conclusions:Thevertebralosteophytearisesfromproliferationofperipheralarticularcartilagewhichundergoescartilaginousosteophyte,andthenchangesintobonyosteophytethroughanendochondrqalcalcificationandossification.

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简介：Objective:Toinvestigatethecorrelationbetweentraumaandpulmonarythromboembolism.Methods:Comminutedfracturesandextensivesoft-tissuecontusionatbothhindlimbsweremadebyafallingweightfromaheightin16rabbits.Lungperfusionscanningwasperformedtoobtaintheradioactivitycountsbeforetrauma,at1h,48hand96haftertrauma.Allthedataweredividedinto4groupsbasedontheabove4timepoints.Therabbitsweresacrificedwhenpositivefindingsonthepulmonaryperfnsionscanningappeared.Theirlungswereharvestedtobeparaffin-embeddedandstainedwithhematoxylin-erosinmethodforhistologicalexaminationofthromboembolism.TherandomizedblockdesignANOVAandthemethodofleastsignificantdifference(LSD)wereusedforstatisticalanalysisoftheradioactivitycounts.Results:Thehistologicalfindingsshowedthatpulmonaryembolismdevelopedin6ofthe16rabbits(37.5%).Fiveofthe6pulmonaryembolismrabbitspresentedneitherclinicalsymptomsnorpositivepulmonaryembolismmanifestationsinthelungperfusionscanning.Asignificantdifferencewasfoundinlungperfusionradioactivitybetweenthepre-traumatic,post-traumatic1hgroupsandpost-traumatic48hand96hgroups(P<0.05).Conclusions:Fracturesofthehindlimbsaccompaniedwithextensivesoft-tissuecontusionmaycausepulmonarymicro-embolismthatisnotsensitivetolungperfusionscanningandtendstohavenoclinicalsymptoms.Pulmonaryembolismdevelopmentmaytakemorethantwodaysaftertrauma.

简介：对学习客观解剖并且cadaveric前臂的interosseous膜(马恩岛)的biomechanical特征。十radius-IOM-ulna结构从新鲜结冰死尸被收获测量马恩岛的腱的部分的长度，宽度和厚度的方法。然后，腱的部分与腱在测量以后属于的尺骨、光线的结束一起被孤立。半径的近似部分和尺骨的远侧的部分在牙齿的基础丙烯酸的树脂粉末被嵌入并且修理。嵌入的标本被MTS为全部张力的测试用10000N负担房间夹钳并且修理858测试机器。马恩岛以50mm/min的速度被拉长直到它被破裂。负担排水量曲线与一台计算机和最大的负担被描绘，僵硬同时被记录。结果前臂的马恩岛由三部分组成：中央腱的织物，膜的织物和背面的隶属于的倾斜的绳索。马恩岛在一个中立位置被拉长，并且在内转和旋后位置弯曲。当最大的负担的点到达了N到1021.50时，马恩岛的腱的部分在6个标本被撕碎吗？

简介：Objective:Toanalyzeretrospectivelytheclinicalsymptoms,signs,radiologicalfindingsandresultsoftreatmentofposttraumaticsyringomyelia.Methods:Thedataof7patientswithposttranmaticsyringomyeliaconfirmedbycomputerizedtomography(CT)andmagneticresonanceimaging(MRI)inourhospitalbetween1999and2004werereviewedretrospectively.Thepatientsunderwentdecompressivelaminectomyorsyringo-subarachnoid(S-S)shuntingwithmicrosurgery.Long-termfollow-upwasavailable(range:13-65months).Results:Themajorclinicalmanifestationsofposttraumaticsyringomyefiausuallyincludedtheonsetofincreasingsignsandthedevelopmentofnewsymptomsafteranapparentlystableperiod.Theclinicalsymptomsincludedpain,sensorydisturbance,weakness,andproblemsinautonomicnerves.Syrinxexistedmerelyatthecervicallevelin4casesandextendeddownwardtothethoraciclevelsintheother3cases.Onecaseunderwentdecompressivelaminectomy,6casesweretreatedbyS-Sshunting.Duringtheearlypostoperativeperiod,allthepatientsshowedanimprovementofsymptomsofsyrinxwithoutmajorcomplicationordeath.ThedecreasedsizeorcollapseofthesyrinxwasdemonstratedbypostoperativeMRI.Conclusions:Posttraumaticsyringomyeliaisadisablingsequelaofspinalcordinjury,developingmonthstoyearsafterspinalinjury.MRIisthestandarddiagnostictechniqueforsyringomyelia.Thepatientswithposttraumaticsyringomyeliacombinedwithprogressiveneurologicaldeteriorationshouldbetreatedwithoperations.S-Sshuntingprocedureiseffectiveinsomepatientswithposttraumaticsyringomyelia.Decompressiveproceduremaybeanalternativeprimarysurgicaltreatmentforpatientswithkyphosisandcordcompression.

简介：Objective:Toprovidedetailedinformationofcoronamortisforilioinguinalapproachasananteriorapproachtotheacetabulumandpelvis.Methods:Thecourse,branchesanddistributionofthevascularconnectionbetweentheobturatorsystemandtheexternaliliacorinferiorepigastricsystemslocatedoverthesuperiorpubicramuswereobservedon50hemipelviseswithintactsofttissues.Results:Duringthedissections,72%ofthecadavericsideshadatleastonecommunicatingvesselbetweentheobturatorsystemandtheexternaliliacorinferiorepigastricsystemsonthesuperiorpubicramus.Theaveragediameteroftheconnectingvesselwas2.6mm(range,2.0-4.2mm).Itcoursedoverthesuperiorpubicramusoriliopubiceminenceverticallytoentertheobturatorforamenandexitthepelvis.Theaveragedistancefrompubicsymphysistothevascularconnectionsbetweentheobturatorandexternaliliacsystemswas52mm(range,38-68mm).Conclusions:Vascularconnectionsbetweentheobturatorsystemandtheexternaliliacorinferiorepigastricsystemswerefoundoverthesuperiorpubicramuswithahighincidence.Theyarepronetodamageduringtheilioinguinalapproachasananteriorapproachtotheacetabulumandpelvis.Thus,coronamortislocatedoverthesuperiorpubicramusdeservesgreatattentionduringtheilioinguinalapproach.

简介：Objective:ToinvestigatetherelationbetweennecrosisandapoptosisinthehippocampusofexogenousbFGFonthisprocess.Methos:WithMarmarou'smethodweproducedaseverediffusebraininjuryandstudiedthechangesinthehippocampusbyadaptingamodifiedTdT-mediateddUTP-biotinnickendlabeling(TUNEL)method.AtthesametimeweobservedtheeffectofexogenousbFGFonneuronalnecrosisandapoptosis.Results:WefoundthattogetherwithcellnecrosistherewasanincreaseinthenumberofapoptoticneuronsinthehippocampusCA2-3sectorsasearlyas4hafterinjury,withnumbersreachingamaximumat7d.ExogenousbFGFresultedinadefinitereductionintheamountofnecrosisandapoptosis.Conclusions:NeuronalnecrosisandapoptosisoccurincombinationafterbraininjuryandthatoneofthecausesmaybetheinsufficienceexpressionofthebFGFgeneinthehippocampusaftersevereinjury.ExogenousbFGFandsimilarsubstancemayproveclinicallyusefulafterbraininjurybyreducingcellnecrosisandapoptosis.

简介：客观：识别简历螺丝钉的放置的thoracicextrapedicular途径的机械可行性。方法：到T_8的从T_1的五新鲜成年cadavericthoracics松被收获。螺丝钉也被虱子的途径orextrapedicular途径插入。结果统计上被观察，由经由脊椎动物的sagittal轴的虱子的螺丝钉途径和额外的虱子的螺丝钉途径的撤退力量被测量并且比较。结果：在胸的虱子的途径，小花梗全体乘务员的撤退强度是220N(288.2-1561.7N)和胸的额外的虱子的螺丝钉的接近的1001.23N±was827.01N±260N当螺丝钉通过横向的过程被插入到vertebrae时，并且954.25N±254N什么时候拧紧，通过小花梗的侧面的外皮被插入到vertebrae。与虱子的组相比，在额外的虱子的组的撤退强度被4.7%inserted通过横向的过程减少(P>0.05)并且通过侧面的外皮(P<0.05)在17.3%插入了。由额外的虱子的途径的吝啬的撤退力量被11.04%作为与虱子的途径相比减少(P<0.05)。结论：当它是难的由虱子的途径插入时，在胸的脊骨插入虱子的螺丝钉机械地是可行简历到useextrapedicular螺丝钉技术。

简介：Objective:Toexploretherelationshipbetweenneuronalapoptosisandhypoxiaortraumaticinjury.Methods:Ratneuronsprimarilyculturedinvitroweretreatedwithhypoxia(thehypoxiagroup)ortraumaticinjury(thetraumagroup).Theneuronalapoptosiswasevaluatedwithmicroscope,TUNEL(terminaldeoxynucleotidyltransferasemediatedx-dUTPnickendlabeling)staining,flowcytometry,agarosegetelectrophoresisandimmunohistochemistry.Results:Morphologicalchangesofapoptosisappearedinthetreatedneurons,andtheDNAfragmentationshowed“ladder”break.Theapoptoticindexwas10.8%inthehypoxiagroupand4.8%inthetraumagroup,whileitwasonly1.6%inthecontrolgroup.Theexpressionofapoptosis-associatedgenes(c-myc,fasandfasL)increased.Conclusions:Hypoxiaortraumaticinjurycaninduceneuronalapoptosis,anditsmolecularmechanismisprobablyrelatedtotheexpressionsofapoptosis-associatedgenes.

简介：客观；为了学习结构的相关解剖特征，在transoral包含了atlanto轴的减小板(TARP)通过为对待无法缩减的atlanto轴的脱臼并且为TARP的临床的申请提供解剖基础的transoral途径的内部固定。方法：十个新鲜craniocervical标本通过手术是微的由通过transoral的层的把的层途径。以后的咽头的墙，脊椎的动脉的功课，地图集和轴的邻近的结构的解剖关系，和为TARP内部固定的密切相关的解剖参数的层化是measured.Results：以后的咽头的墙由二层和二间隙星际组成了：mucosa，prevertebral扁带，制动火箭咽头的空间，和prevertebral空间。从到C_3的孔大酒瓶的前面的边的范围能被这条途径暴露。以后的咽头的墙的厚度是(3.6±0.3)在C1的前面的小块茎的公里(变化2.9-4.3公里)，(6.1±0.4)在C_1的侧面的团的公里(变化5.2-7.1公里)并且(5.5±0.4)在C_2的中央部分的公里(变化4.3-6.5公里)分别地。到前面的小块茎ofC_1，C_1螺丝钉入口点，和C_2螺丝钉入口点的从门牙牙齿的距离是(82。5±7。8)公里(变化71。4-96。2mm)，(90。1±3。8)公里(变化82.2-96。3公里)，并且(89。0±4。1)公里(变化81。3-95.3mm)分别地。在在地图集和中线的脊椎的动脉之间的距离是(25。2±2.3)公里(变化20.4-29。7公里)并且那在在轴和中线的脊椎的动脉之间是(18。4±2.6)公里(变化13.1-23.0公里)。为暴露的地图集和轴的允许的宽度是(39。4±2。2)公里(变化36。242。7公里)并且(39.0±2.1)公里(ranging35.842.3公里)分别地。在二个地图集螺丝钉插入点(C_1侧面的质量的前面的方面的中心)之间的距离(a)是(31.4±3.3)公里(变化25.4-36.6公里)。在连接连接twoC_2螺丝钉入口的二个C_1螺丝钉入口点和那的线之间的垂直距离(b)指(在vertebrae的中央部分，也就是对中线ofC_2vertebr

简介：客观：为了学习肺，损害由分割的冲击波引起了。方法：60只兔子和20只老鼠的一个总数在这研究被使用。冲击波的传播的过程被划分成三个阶段，即，压缩阶段(RP)，解压缩阶段(DP)并且在压力阶段下面(起来)。并且压缩飘动(RW)，解压缩波浪(DW)nd分别地，在模仿的压力波浪(UW)下面，三个阶段由我们设计的设备产生了。RW测试，DW测试和UW测试分别地被用于动物。并且分割的冲击波引起的肺损害被讨论。结果：在试验性的条件下面，RW没引起明显的肺损害，但是DW能引起肺损害的不同严厉。更大解压缩变化了并且解压缩持续时间越突然被采用，越多严重肺损害被观察。到某程度，UW能引起明显的肺损害。结论：它建议在冲击波下面的肺损害可能首先发生在DP期间。它可能不在RP期间引起直接明显的肺损害，但是显著地影响在DP期间引起肺损害的能力。

简介：Aim:Toinvestigateglycoconjugatechangesonthecellsurfaceofproliferativelesionsandneoplasmsofmicelungsatvariousstagesoftumorigenesis,therelationbetweenprogressivedevelopmentofmousepulmonarytumorsandexpressionofcellsurfacesaccharide.Materialsandmethods:Thirty-onemaleA/Jstrainmiceat5weeksofageweretreatedintraperitoneallywithasingleinjectionof20-methylcholanthrene(20-MC),292pulmonarylesionsincluding31hyperplasias,145alveolaradenomas,61papillaryadenomas,55papillaryadenocarcinomasandtheircombinedtypewereobtained.Thebindingaffinitiesofcellsinnormalrespiratoryepitheliaandinproliferativelesionstofourperoxidases-conjugatedlectins,Maclurapomiferaagglutinin(MPA),Arachishypogeaagglutinin(PNA),Ricinuscommunisagglutinin(RCA),andwheatgermagglutinin(WGA)wereexamined.Results:Cellsofhyperplasiaandalveolaradenomashowedfairlystrongaffinitytoallthefourlectins.However,partofpapillaryadenomacellsandgreaterpartofpapillaryadenocarcinomacellslosttheirbindingaffinitytoMPA,PNA,andRCA,butnottoWGA.ThebindingsofMPA,PNAandRNAweredetectedpredominentlyontheluminalsurfacesofbenigntumorsbutnotontheluminalsurfacesofmalignanttumors.WGAmightbindtovariedtypesofbenignandmalignanttumors.Pretreatedwithneuraminidase,thelesionsenhancedthestainingintensityforthefourlectins,thebindingsitesofWGAtomalignanttumorcellswerenumerous.Adistinctdifferenceinlectinbindingaffinitybetweenhyperplasia/alveolaradenoma/papillaryadenomaandpapillaryadenocarcinomawasclearlyshown(x2=46.89,P＜0.01,x2=36.77,P＜0.01andx2=52.87,P＜0.01)inthisexperiment.Thecomplexglycoconjugatesonthecellsurfaceofmalignantandbenignlesionsduringthedevelopmentofpulmonarytumorwerechanged,malignanttumorcellsdifferedfromthesurfaceofbenigntumorcells,thelevelsoftotalsialicacidwerehigherinmalignanttumorce

简介：Objective:Toinvestigatethemorphologicalcharacteristicsofthebridgetendongraftinginnoman'slandtoreconstructthetendondefectandtheeffectofpassivemobilizationonit.Methods:A2cmdefectwasmadeinbilateralflexordigitorumprofundustendonsofthemiddlechickentoes,andwasthentransplantedtotheoppositesitetoserveasasegmentalautografttendon.Postoperatively,passivemobilizationoftheleftandrightmiddletoesbeganat5and21dseparately.Specimenswerestudiedbylight,scanningandtransmissionelectronmicroscopyat5,10,21and35d.Results:Earlyrepairofthetendon-graftoftheleftmiddletoeswasmadebyproliferationandingrowthoftheepitenoncellsintermingledwithnewly-formedcollagenfibers.aglidingsurfaceformedat10and21d.Thetendongraftitselfplayedanactiveroleintherepair.Incontrast,adhesionsobliteratedthesurfaceandoccupiedthespacebetweenthetendongraftandsurroundingtissuesintherightmiddletoes.Conclusions:Itindicatesthattheuseofthesegmentalbridgetendongraftinnoman'slandcoupledwithearlypassivemotionstimulatesanintrisicrepairprocessinboththetendonstumpandtheautogenoustendongraftandresultsinafunctionalhealing.

简介：Objective:Toinvestigatethemechanismofseveremyocardialcontusioninrabbits.Methods:Atotalof32NewZealandrabbitswererandomlydividedinto2groups,theseveremyocardialcontusiongroup(theexperimentalgroup,n=16)andthesham-impactcontrolgroup(thecontrolgroup,n=16).Hemorheologicalparameters,interleukin-8(IL-8)inserum,thewatercontentsofmyocardiumandpolymorphonuclearneutrophil(PMN)infiltrationincontusedmyocardiumwereobservedat24hoursaftertheexperiment.Results:Ascomparedwiththecontrolgroup,thehemorheologicalparametersintheexperimentalgroupincludingthewholebloodviscosity(ηb),erythrocyteaggregationindex(EAI),hematocrit(HCT),serumfibrinogen(Fib),Cassonviscosity(Γy)anderythrocytesedimentationrate(ESR),significantlyincreased.TheIl-8,PMNinfiltrationandthewatercontentsofthecontusedmyocardiumalsosignificantlyincreased.Conclusions:Itsuggeststhatthehemorheologicaldisorder,increaseofIL-8inserum,andPMNinfiltrationincontusedmyocardiummaycontributetothedevelopmentofcardiacedemaandsecondarymyocardialdamagefollowingseveremyocardialcontusioninrabbits.

简介：客观：为了在对待多重损伤探索技工al通风(MV)的重要性，主要与服的损害伴随了并且改进治疗水平。方法：受不了伴有主要服的损害的多重损伤的所有116个病人被分析。等级相关和Chi平方测试与GCS在MV之间被做，ISS，并且是否震惊。结果：MV与GCS被相关，ISS分数，并且是否显著地震惊。而且，什么时候GCSor=35，MV的比率是大约85%。结论：在伴有服的损害的多重损伤的治疗期间，原则“早MV，早撤退”并且“个人主义”应该被坚持。为伴有吃惊的病人，最佳偷看是很重要的。合适、活跃的MV是很重要的并且能显著地改进治疗水平。

简介：Objective:Tostudythechangeofthestressshieldingrateofstress-relaxationplateinvivoanditsinfluenceonfracturehealing.Methods:Thediaphysesofbilateraltibiasin70NewZealandrabbitswereosteotomizedandfixedwithstressrelaxationplates(SRP,theSRPgroup)andrigidplates(RP,theRPgroup),respectively.Thefracturehealingprocessinthese2groupswasinvestigatedbyradiography,lightandpolarizedlightmicroscopyandbiomechanicaltestat2to48weekspostoperatively.Results:Earlyafterfixationthestressshieldingratewasabout70%inbothgroups.WhileintheSRPgroupthestressshieldingratedecreasedgraduallyastimepassed,whyichwassignificantlylowerthanthatoftheRPgroup(P<0.05)bytheendofthe8thpostoperativeweek,andstabilizedatthelevelofabout27%at36-48weeksafterfixation.AbundantexternalcallusassociatedwiththeformationofcartilaginouscalluscouldbeobservedintheSRPgroupat2-4weekspostoperatively.Thetransformationofthecallusintothelamellarbonebeganat8-12weeks,thecollagengraduallyarrangedinorder,andthemechanicalnatureoftheunitedbonewasgraduallystrengthened,too.IntheRPgroup,theexternalcalluswasscarceattheearlystageoffracturehealing,andthecallusremodelingatthelatestageoffracturehealingwasdominatedbyboneabsorption.Theultimatebendingstrength(UBS)wasonly57.95%ofthatofthenormalby48weeks.Conclusions:ThedecreaseofthestressshieldingrateofSRPinvivowaswellinterrelatedwiththetimeoffixation.TheapplicationofSRPcouldpromotethecallusformationandbonereconstructionthustofavortherecoveryofthemechanicalstrengthoftheunitedbone.

简介：客观：为了调查汽车的效果，控制在试验性的骨折愈合和它的机制上锁钉子(AMLN)的微运动。方法：经历大腿骨的柄的横向的截骨术的双方的16只山羊分别地是有AMLN和Gross-Kempf(GK)钉子的固定intramedullary。后续时间是7，14，28和56天。Roentgenographic，简历机械，组织学，显微镜的扫描电镀物品和生物化学的分析是done.Results：(1)在在修理AMLN的组的fractural结束的反压缩，反屈曲和反扭转的力量比GK修理钉子的组的高；而，在折断的结束的压力躲蔽处的率显著地减少了(P<0.01)。(2)在修理AMLN的组的全部的骨胶原，不可溶解的骨胶原，钙和磷酸盐的内容在GK修理钉子的组比那高(P<0.05)。(3)胼胝的组织学的观察和定量分析表明AMLN能支持桥胼胝和骨膜胼胝的生长。因此愈合的制造和早完成的remolding过程，它比传统的GK好一些钉固定。(P<0.05)。(4)7-14天张贴操作，AMLN-fixedgroup的胼胝繁荣并且camellarly安排了，骨胶原纤丝在骨头trabecula的吸收空隙常常形成了。28-56天柱子操作，骨胶原纤丝是在吸收空隙附近繁荣并且与骨头平行“s纵的轴。活跃多骨的吸收和形成被看见，那么是remolding并且重建。Haversian系统是未经触动的，因为钙盐的免职，多骨的结构的网是很强的。任何一个都没在GK修理钉子的组上述调查结果被观察。结论：AMLN的设计与塑料固定理论一致很好。因为无变态的系统由theintramedullary固定仪器和破裂的近似、远侧的结束组成了的几何学是很坚挺的ands，搁置，到在fractural结束散布的物理压力的骚乱是轻的。在fractural部分之间的断断续续的物理压力的Thegeneration和行为能到达在压力行为和压力保护之间的平衡。特征愈合和remolding同时发生加快愈合的fractural过程。