简介：Hydrodynamiccharactersonahorizontal,thin,rigidplatelocatedbeneaththefreesurfacearenumericallyinvestigated.Assumingalinear,time-harmonicpotentialflowandutilizingGreenidentity,thegoverningLaplaceequationcanbesimplifiedintoFredholmintegralequationofthesecondkind.Supposinglinear-orderdiscontinuouselementsalongintersectingverticalboundaries,andbyuseoftheboundaryelementmethod,numericalsolutionaboutsourcestrengthdistributionontheplatecanbechangedintoaseriesofalgebraicequations.The3DGreenfunctionisintroducedtosetuptheintegralequations,andtheGMRESsolverisperformedforsolvingthelargedenselinearsystemofequations.Theadded-mass,dampingforceandexcitingforceareevaluateddirectlyfromtheequations.Itisfoundthattheadded-masscoefficientbecomesnegativeforarangeoffrequencieswhentheplateissufficientlyclosetothefreesurface.

简介：方面折射是水平角调查的主要错误来源，但是它几乎没由分析影响在方面上有小影响在theultrahigh精确上大气违犯方面和角度调查ing。选择面向的方向对距离关键，在分成三角形定量的角度测量联网怎么在角度测量期间选择面向的方向被介绍，并且检查qua的工具点亮与Georobot调查汽车也向前被带。最后，当处理并且调查超离频精确的分成三角形定量网络时，减少方面折射的影响的一些解决方案被提出。

简介：

简介：Threetyphoons,Goni,MorakotandEtauwhichweregeneratedinWesternPacificin2009,aresuccessfullysimulatedbytheWRFmodel.Thehorizontalandverticalvorticityandtheirinteractionareanalyzedanddiagnosedbyusingthesimulationresults.Itisshownthattheirresultantvectorshadafixedpatternintheevolutionprocessofthethreetyphoons:Thehorizontalvorticityconvergedtothetropicalcyclone(TC)centerbelow900hPalevel,flowedoutfromitataround900to800hPa,andflowedinbetween800hPaand700hPa.Ifmultiplemaximumwindspeedcentersshowedup,thehorizontalvorticityconvergedtothecenterofthetyphoonbelowthemaximumwindspeedcenteranddivergedfromtheTCcenterabovethemaximumwindspeedcenter.Atlowlevels,thethreetyphoonsinteractedwitheachotherthroughverticalcirculationgeneratedbythevortextube.Thiscirculationwasmainlygeneratedbytheeastwardorwestwardhorizontalvorticityvectors.Cloudsandprecipitationweregeneratedontheascendingbranchoftheverticalcirculation.ThevortextubesoftenflowedtowardthesouthwestoftherightTCfromthenortheastoftheleftTC.Accordingtothefullvorticityequation,thehorizontalvorticityconvertedintotheverticalvorticitynearthemaximumwindspeedcenterbelow850hPalevel,andtheperiodofmostintenseconversionwasconsistentwiththeintensificationperiodofTC,whilethevorticityadvectionwasagainsttheintensification.Theverticalvorticityconvertedintothehorizontalvorticityfrom800hPato600hPa,andthewindspeeddecreasedabovethemaximumwindspeedregionatlowlevels.

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简介：Inthispaper,usingHolland’smethod,theeffectofthehorizontalstructureoftropicalcyclonesontheirmotionisinvestigated.The"characteristicradius",r0characterizedasthehorizontalstructureofatropicalcyclone,inwhichmandparetheparametersofthevortex,hasbeenfoundbytheauthor.Andthenithasbeenshownthatthereisbutone"characteristicradius"foreachcyclonewithhorizontalstructure.Twodirectanalyticsolutionsfortheuniformandnon-uniformbasicflowsinsteadysituationsarepresentedwithrcResultsshowthatthechangeinthehorizontalstructureofthetropicalcycloneitselfwillhaveobviouseffectonthecyclonemotion,onbothitsdirectionandspeed.Thereforeitmustbeconsideredintheresearchonthetropicalcyclonemotion.

简介：Thetechniqueoncomputingthehorizontalpressuregradientforce(PGF)inRegCM2isimprovedwiththeerrorsubtractionmethod.Moreover,theregionalclimateinJuneof1991inChinaissimulatedbyemployingtheRegCM2.ComparisonwithotherschemesforcomputingthePGFshowsthattheerrorsubtractionmethodcaneffectivelyreducetheerrorofthePGF,improvethesimulationofwindsandalleviatethespuriousprecipitationinsteeptopographicareas.Furthermore,thesimulationofprecipitationinotherareasisinbetteraccordancewiththeobservation.

简介：Theinteractionbetweenwaveandhorizontalandverticalplatesisinvestigatedbytheboundaryelementmethod,andtherelationsofwaveexcitingforcewithplatethickness,submergenceandlengthareobtained.Itisfoundthat:1)Theefficientwaveexcitingforceexistswhileplatesubmergenceislessthan0.5m,andtheplateisverythinwithorderO(0.005m).2)Themaximumheavewaveexcitingforceexists,anditisthemainfactorforsurfaceandsubmergedhorizontalplatewhiletherollforcecanbeignored.3)Themaximumswaywaveexcitingforceexists,itisthemainfactorforsurfaceorsubmergedverticalplate,andtherollforceisabout20timesofhorizontalplate.

简介：

简介：TherelateddataofGPSnetworksintheChinesemainlandanditsperipheralareasarecollectedfrominternetsitesinthepaper.AndvariousdatafusionmethodsarepresentedbasedonthecollectedGPSdata.ThustheunifiedhorizontalcrustalvelocityfieldscanbeestablishedintheChinesemainlandanditsperipheralareas.Theavailabledataof423GPSsitesareappliedtothevelocityfieldsanditsareagetsto1.2′107km2.Byanalyzingthevelocityfields,thebasicspatialdistributionfeatureofthehorizontalcrustalmotionintheChinesemainlandanditsperipheralareacanbeobtainedpreliminarily.Meanwhile,therangeofthevelocityfieldsintheChinesemainlandaffectedbythecollisionforceofIndiaplatetoEurasiaplateandtheproblemofprincipaldirectionoftheforcefromIndiaplatearediscussed.

简介：Theimpactsoftheenhancedmodel’smoistphysicsandhorizontalresolutionupontheQPFs(quantitativeprecipitationforecasts)areinvestigatedbyapplyingtheHIRLAM(highresolutionlimitedareamodel)tothesummerheavy-raincasesinChina.Theperformanceofthecontrolrun,forwhicha0.5°×0.5°gridspacingandatraditional“grid-boxsupersaturationremoval+Kuotypeconvectiveparamerization”areusedasthemoistphysics,iscomparedwiththatofthesensitivityrunswithanenhancedmodel’smoistphysics(Sundqvistscheme)andanincreasedhorizontalresolution(0.25°×0.25°),respectively.Theresultsshow:(1)Theenhancedmoistphysicsscheme(Sundqvistscheme),byintroducingthecloudwatercontentasanadditionalprognosticvariableandtakingintoaccountbrieflyofthemicrophysicsinvolvedinthecloud-rainconversion,doesbringimprovementsinthemodel’sQPFs.AlthoughthedeterioratedQPFsalsooccuroccasionally,theimprovementsarefoundinthemajorityofthecases,indicatingthegreatpotentialfortheimprovementofQPFsbyenhancingthemodel’smoistphysics.(2)Byincreasingthemodel’shorizontalresolutionfrom0.5°×0.5°,whichisalreadyquitehighcomparedwiththatoftheconventionalatmosphericsoundings,to0.25°×0.25°withoutthesimultaneousenhancementinmodelphysicsandobjectiveanalysis,theimprovementsinQPFsareverylimited.Withhigherresolution,althoughslightameliorationinlocatingtherainfallcentersandinresolvingsomefinerstructuresofprecipitationpatternaremade,thenumberofthemis-predictedfinestructuresinrainfallfieldincreaseswiththeenhancedmodelresolutionaswell.

简介：Onthebasisofasinusoidalmodelofthedisturbedhorizontalacceleration,thespectrumcharacteristicsofmisalignedangleandhorizontalaccelerationcorrectionareanalyzed.Inanairbornegravimetrytest,themisalignedangleofplatformandhorizontalaccelerationcorrectionarecalculated.Theyare5'and3mGal,respectively,whentheflightisstable.

简介：TheliftforcesonhorizontalcylindernearbottomisexperimentallyinvestigatdeatReynolds(Re)intherangelf2500~10000andKeulegan~CARPENTERNUMBERS(kc)intheintervalof5~20,andgapratio(e/D)isfrom(a0)areanalyzdebyusingtheFourieranalysesmethod.ItisfoundthatfoundthatbothCl&a0arethefunctionslftheKcnumber.

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简介：Thenumericalinvestigationofregularwavesinteractingwithasubmergedhorizontaltwin-platebreakwaterispresentedinthispaper.Anumericalmodelwithanabsorbingwave-makerisestablishedbasedontheVOFmethod.Thevalidityofthemodelisverifiedbyexperimentalresults.Comparisonsbetweenthenumericalandexperimentalresultsshowthatboththewatersurfaceprofilesandthewave-inducedpressurescanbemodeledaccurately.Wavedeformationoverthebreakwater,waterparticlevelocitiesaroundthebreakwater,andthewave-inducedpressuresonthestructurearenumericallyinvestigated.Thepressureamplitudesofthefundamentalandsecondharmonicsonthemodelsurfaceareexaminedinvariouswaterdepths.Thecomputedandexperimentalresultshaverevealedthatthehigherfrequencycomponentsaregeneratedattheonshoresideofthebreakwater.Furthermore,thecomputedresultsdemonstrateacirculatingflowformedattheonshoresideofthebreakwater.

简介：Dopplerweatherradarcanprovidethewindinformationsuchastheradialvelocity,andhasbecomeoneofthemostpowerfulmeansforstudiesofseveremesoscaleandmicroscaleweathersystems.Usuallytheradarobservationprovidesonlyplanepositionindicator(PPI)scanningdataandrangeheightindicator(RHI)scanningdata.andthismakessomeretrievalmethodsusingthree-dimensionalvolumescanningdataimpracticalinoperation.Inordertousethesedatamoreefficiently,aplaneassimilationretrieval(PAR)methodisdevelopedusingdataassimilationtechniqueonthePPIscanningplane.ThePARmethodistestedwiththeobservationdataofChineseAcademyofMeteorologicalSciences(CAMS)Dopplerweatherradarandtheresultisencouraging.

简介：Byutilizingthebarotropicvorticityequationincludingeffectsoforographyandhorizontaldiffusion,thelinearizedequationsdescribingsymmetricandantisymmetricmotionsandtheiranalyticsolutionsarepre-sented.Itcanbefoundfromthesolutionsthatnomatterwhatkindofmotionmaybe,eachsolutionconsistsofthreewaves,namely,Rossbywaverelatedtoinitialvalues,marchingwavepropagatingatRossbywavevelocityandstationarywave.Thelattertwoarecloselyrelatedtoorographyandhorizontaldiffusion.However,ifthemotionissymmetricattheinitialinstant,thentheantisymmetriccomponentsoforographyandofhorizontaldiffusionarelikelytoleadtothegenerationofantisymmetricmotion.Inthesteadystate,thesymmetricflowisconnectedwithsymmetricorographyandhorizontaldiffusionandtheantisymmetricflowwithantisymmetricorographyandhorizontaldiffusion.Further,inordertoverifytheaboveanalysis,threenumericalexperimentshavebeenmade.Theresultsshowthatantisymmetricorographycanproduceantisymmetricmotion.Finally,theatmosphericinteractionsbetweenNorthernandSouthernHemispheresarediscussed.

简介：Inthispaper,ahorizontal2-Dnumericalmodelhasbeendevelopedtosimulateflowprocessesindikeburst.Thefinitedifferencemethodisusedincomputation.Themodelemploys2-Dflowequationsandcansimulatecomplexflowswhensupercriticalflowandsub-criticalflowexistsimultaneouslysuchashydraulicjumps.Severalsimulatedresultsareworkedouttodemonstratetheapplicabilityofthenumericalmodel,suchasfloodpropagationonadrybedofacomplexterrain.

简介：有EDM的GPS和高精确的距离测量的联合网络的一个新解决方案被建议。同时，它“s不妥当的仅仅使用的GPS网络与甩开大小。三个计划：陆上的网络，GPS网络和联合网络被讨论因为鉴于精确，Xiangjiaba的平面控制网设计建水坝，可靠性，详细协调并且支付。

简介：Thepresentworkprovidesanovelmethodforcalculatingverticalvelocitybasedoncontinuityequationsinapressurecoordinatesystem.Themethodovercomesthedisadvantageofaccumulationofcalculatingerrorsofhorizontaldivergenceincurrentkinematicsmethodsduringtheintegrationforcalculatingverticalvelocity,andconsequentlyavoidsitssubsequentcorrection.Inaddition,throughmodificationsofthecontinuityequations,itshowsthatthevorticityoftheverticalshearvector(VVSV)isproportionalto-ω,theverticalvelocityinpcoordinates.Furthermore,ifthechangeofωinthehorizontaldirectionisneglected,thevorticityofthehorizontalvorticityvectorisproportionalto-ω.Whenωisunderafluctuatingstateintheverticaldirection,theupdraftoccurswhenthevectorofhorizontalvorticityrotatescounterclockwise;thedowndraftoccurswhenrotatingclockwise.ThevalidationresultindicatesthatthepresentmethodisgenerallybetterthantheverticalvelocitycalculatedbytheωequationusingthewetQ-vectordivergenceasaforcingterm,andtheverticalvelocitycalculatedbyutilizingthekinematicsmethodisfollowedbytheO’Brienmethodforcorrection.Theplus-minussignoftheverticalvelocityobtainedwiththismethodisnotcorrelatedwiththeintensityofdBZ,buttheabsoluteerrorincreaseswhendBZis>=40.Thismethoddemonstratesthatitisagoodreflectionofthedirectionoftheverticalvelocity.