简介：WepresentthepreliminaryresultsofourcodeOPAQS(opacitycalculationusingquantumstatisticalmodel)thatisbasedontheselfconsistentHartree-Fock-Slatermodelfortheaverageatom.Thecodeiscapableofperformingrobustcalculationsofaveragechargestate,frequency-dependentandmeanopacities.Theaccuracyoftheatomicmodelisverifiedbycomparingthecalculationsofaveragechargestatewithvariouspublishedresults.ThemonochromaticopacitiesforironcomputedatdifferentsetsoftemperaturesanddensitiesarecomparedwithLEDCOP.TheRosselandandPlanckopacitiesforironandaluminumarevalidatedwithsomestate-of-the-artcodes.Theresultsareingoodagreementwiththepublisheddata.

简介：

简介：在这份报纸，我们基于保角的mappings建议幻想光学的一个简单方法。由小心地与特定的保角的mappings开发图案，一个人能让一个目标与显著地不同的形状看起来像另外一个。另外，幻想光设备能在频率的一条宽带工作。

简介：Outsidesurfacefluctuationsofinertialconfinementfusion(ICF)capsulegreatlyaffecttheimplosionperformance.Anatomicforcemicroscope(AFM)-basedprofilometerisdevelopedtopreciselycharacterizethecapsulesurfacewithnanometerresolution.Withthestandardninesurfaceprofilesandthecompletecoveragedata,1Dand2Dpowerspectraareobtainedtoquantitativelyqualifythecapsule.Capsulecenterfastaligning,orbittracesautomaticrecording,3Dcapsuleorientationhavebeenstudiedtoimprovetheaccuracyandefficiencyoftheprofilometer.

简介：Theabilitytomodulateanopticalfieldviaanelectricfieldisregardedasakeyfunctionofelectro-opticinterconnects,whichareusedinopticalcommunicationsandinformation-processingsystems.Oneofthemaindevicesrequiredforsuchinterconnectsistheelectro-opticmodulator(EOM).CurrentEOMsbasedonelectro-opticandelectro-absorptioneffectsoftenarebulkyandpower-inefficientduetotheweakelectro-opticpropertiesoftheirconstituentmaterials.Here,weproposeanewmechanismtoproduceanarbitrary-waveformEOMbasedonquantuminterference,inwhichbothrealandimaginarypartsofthesusceptibilityareengineeredcoherentlywithsuper-highefficiency.BasedonthisEOM,awaveforminterconnectfromthevoltagetothemodulatedopticalabsorptionisrealized.Weexpectthatsuchanewtypeofelectro-opticinterconnectwillhaveabroadrangeofapplications,includinginopticalcommunicationsandnetworks.

简介：TheelectricalnonlinearityofsiliconmodulatorsbasedonreversedPNjunctionswasfoundtoseverelylimitthelinearityofthemodulators.Thiseffect,however,wasinadvertentlyneglectedinpreviousstudies.Consideringtheelectricalnonlinearityinsimulation,a32.2dBdegradationintheCDR3(i.e.,thesuppressionratiobetweenthefundamentalsignalandintermodulationdistortion)ofthemodulatorwasobservedatamodulationspeedof12GHz,andthespuriousfreedynamicrangewassimultaneouslydegradedby17.4dB.ItwasalsofoundthatthelinearityofthesiliconmodulatorcouldbeimprovedbyreducingtheseriesresistanceofthePNjunction.Thefrequencydependenceofthelinearityduetotheelectricalnonlinearitywasalsoinvestigated.

简介：Hydrogen,thecleanestandmostpromisingenergyvector,canbeproducedbysolarintochemicalenergyconversion,eitherbythephotocatalyticdirectsplittingofwaterintoH2andO2,or,moreefficiently,inthepresenceofsacrificialreagents,e.g.,intheso-calledphotoreformingoforganics.Efficientphotocatalyticmaterialsshouldnotonlybeabletoexploitsolarradiationtoproduceelectron–holepairs,butalsoensureenoughchargeseparationtoallowelectrontransferreactions,leadingtosolarenergydriventhermodynamicallyup-hillprocesses.RecentachievementsofourresearchgroupinthedevelopmentandtestingofinnovativeTiO2-basedphotocatalyticmaterialsarepresentedhere,togetherwithanoverviewonthemechanisticaspectsofwaterphotosplittingandphotoreformingoforganics.Photocatalyticmaterialswereeither（i）obtainedbysurfacemodificationofcommercialphotocatalysts,orproduced（ii）inpowderformbydifferenttechniques,includingtraditionalsolgelsynthesis,aimingatengineeringtheirelectronicstructure,andflamespraypyrolysisstartingfromorganicsolutionsoftheprecursors,or（iii）inintegratedform,toproducephotoelectrodeswithindevices,byradiofrequencymagnetronsputteringorbyelectrochemicalgrowthofnanotubearchitectures,orphotocatalyticmembranes,bysupersonicclusterbeamdeposition.

简介：Anultrasensitivemetamaterialsensorbasedondouble-slotverticalsplitringresonators(DVSRRs)isdesignedandnumericallycalculatedintheterahertzfrequency.ThisDVSRRdesignproducesafundamentLCresonancewithaqualityfactorofabout20whentheincidencemagneticfieldcomponentnormaltotheDVSRRarray.TheresonantcharacteristicsandsensingperformanceoftheDVSRRarraydesignaresystematicallyanalyzedemployingacontrastmethodamongthreesimilarverticalsplitringresonator(SRRs)structures.Theresearchresultsshowthattheeliminationofbianisotropy,inducedbythestructuralsymmetryoftheDVSRRdesign,helpstoachieveLCresonanceofahighqualityfactor.LiftingtheSRRsupfromthesubstratesharplyreducesthedielectriclossintroducedbythesubstrate.AllthesefactorsjointlyresultinsuperiorsensitivityoftheDVSRRtotheattributesofanalytes.Themaximumrefractiveindexsensitivityis788GHz/RIUor1.04×10~5nm∕RIU.Also,theDVSRRsensormaintainsitssuperiorsensingperformanceforfabricationtolerancerangingfrom-4%to4%andwiderangeincidenceanglesupto50°underbothTEandTMilluminations.

简介：第一原则的计算被执行探索一系列graphene-nanoribbon-basednanojunctions的解决纺纱的电子、热电的运输性质。由扭动，处于到反平行的、很大的通道磁致电阻的从平行的graphene领先的磁性的时刻能为所有结构在不同的门电压下面被获得。为短nanojunctions的解决纺纱的交替水流的传导力增加对频率但是为长nanojunctions减少。与增加连接长度，连接的行为从象电容一样改变到象引入一样。因为费密水平附近的旋转起来thermopower和旋转下面thermopower的相反的符号，纯旋转电流能被获得，优点的大数字能被为所有nanojunctions调整门电压和化学潜力完成。

简介：

简介：Wesystematicallyinvestigatedthetunabledynamiccharacteristicsofabroadbandsurfaceplasmonpolariton(SPP)waveonasilicon-gradedgratingstructureintherangeof10–40THzwiththeaidofsingle-layergraphene.ThetheoreticalandnumericalsimulatedresultsdemonstratethattheSPPsatdifferentfrequencieswithinabroadbandrangecanbetrappedatdifferentpositionsonthegraphenesurface,whichcanbeusedasabroadbandspectrometerandopticalswitch.Meanwhile,thegroupvelocityoftheSPPscanbemodulatedtobeseveralhundredtimessmallerthanlightvelocityinvacuum.Basedonthetheoreticalanalyses,wehavepredictedthetrappingpositionsandcorrespondinggroupvelocitiesoftheSPPwaveswithdifferentfrequencies.Byappropriatelytuningthegatevoltages,thetrappedSPPwavescanbereleasedtopropagatealongthesurfaceofgrapheneoroutofthegradedgratingzone.Thus,wehavealsoinvestigatedtheswitchingcharacteristicsoftheslowlightsystem,wheretheopticalswitchingcanbecontrolledasan'off'or'on'modebyactivelyadjustingthegatevoltage.Theslowlightsystemoffersadvantages,includingbroadbandoperation,ultracompactfootprint,andtunableabilitysimultaneously,whichholdsgreatpromiseforapplicationsinopticalswitches.

简介：Wetheoreticallydesignandexperimentallyrealizeabroadbandultrasmallmicrocavityforsensingavaryingnumberofmicroparticleswhosediameteris2μminafreelysuspendedmicrofiber.Theperformanceofthemicrocavityispredictedbythetheoryofone-dimensionalphotoniccrystalsandverifiedbythenumericalsimulationoffinite-differencetimedomainandtheexperimentalcharacterizationofreflectionandtransmissionspectra.Apenetratinglengthintothereflectorsassmallasaboutfourperiodsisdemonstratedinthenumericalsimulation,givingrisetoanultrasmalleffectivemodevolumethatcanincreasethesensitivityandspatialresolutionofsensing.Moreover,areflectionbandaslargeas150nmfromthereflectorsofthemicrocavityhasbeenrealizedinsilicaopticalmicrofiberintheexperiment,whichhighlyexpandsthewavelengthrangeofsensing.Ourproposedmicrocavityintegratedintoafreelysuspendedopticalfiberoffersaconvenientandstablemethodforlong-distancesensingofmicroparticleswithouttheneedforcomplicatedcouplingsystemsandisfreefromtheinfluenceofsubstrates.

简介：students＇mathematicalunderstanding,theyarenotableyettomastertothenextdegree.Thedecreasingofstudents＇MathqualitycanbeseenonthesurveydataonProgramforInternationalStudentAssessment（PISA）thatconductedeachofthreeyears.On2003,Indonesiawasinthe38^thfrom40stateswiththescore360.On2006,itwasin50thfrom57stateswiththescore391.

简介：TherecentdevelopmentofCu-basedelectrocatalystsforelectrochemicalreductionofcarbondioxide（CO2）hasattractedmuchattentionduetotheiruniqueactivityandselectivitycomparedtoothermetalcatalysts.Particularly,CuistheuniqueelectrocatalystforCO2electrochemicalreductionwithhighselectivitytogenerateavarietyofhydrocarbons.Inthisreview,wemainlysummarizetherecentadvancesontherationaldesignofCunanostructures,thecompositionregulationofCu-basedalloys,andtheexploitationofadvancedsupportsforimprovingthecatalyticactivityandselectivitytowardelectrochemicalreductionofCO2.ThespecialfocusistodemonstratehowtoenhancetheactivityandselectivityofCubasedelectrocatalystforCO2reduction.TheperspectivesandchallengesforthedevelopmentofCu-basedelectrocatalystsarealsoaddressed.WehopethisreviewcanprovidetimelyandvaluableinsightsintothedesignofadvancedelectrocatalyticmaterialsforCO2electrochemicalreduction.

简介：TheBe-basedmaterialswithmanyparticularpropertiesleadtoanimportantresearchsubject.Theinvestigationprogressesinthefabricationtechnologiesareintroducedhere,includingmainthreekindsofBe-basedmaterials,suchasBe–Cucapsule,Be_2Cablatorandhigh-purityBematerial.ComparedwiththepioneerworkgrouponBe-basedmaterials,thedifferencesinBe–Cutargetfabricationweredescribed,andagrainrefinementtechniquebyanactivehydrogenreactionforBecoatingwasproposeduniquely.Be_2CcoatingswerefirstpreparedbytheDCreactivemagnetronsputteringwithahighdepositionrate(~300nm/h).PurepolycrystallineBe_2Cfilmswithuniformmicrostructures,smoothsurface,highdensity(~2.2g·cm~3)andgoodopticaltransparencywerefabricated.Inaddition,thehigh-purityBematerialswithmetalimpuritiesinappmmagnitudewerefabricatedbythepyrolysisoforganometallicBe.

简介：Thisperspectivepaperintroducestheconceptthatnanocarbonsandrelatedmaterialssuchascarbondotsareaninterestingintrinsicphotocatalyticsemiconductingmaterial,andnotonlyamodifieroftheexisting(semiconducting)materialstopreparehybridmaterials.Thesemiconductingpropertiesofthenanocarbons,andthepossibilitytohavethebandgapwithinthevisible-lightregionthroughdefectbandengineering,introductionoflightheteroatomsandcontrol/manipulationofthecurvatureorsurfacefunctionalizationarediscussed.Thesematerialsareconceptuallydifferentfromthe'classical'semiconductingphotocatalysts,becausesemiconductordomainswithtuneablecharacteristicsareembeddedinaconductivecarbonmatrix,withthepresenceofvariousfunctionalgroups(asC=Ogroups)enhancingchargeseparationbytrappingelectrons.Thesenanocarbonsopenarangeofnewpossibilitiesforphotocatalysisbothforenergeticandenvironmentalapplications.Theuseofnanocarbonsasquantumdotsandphotoluminescentmaterialswasalsoanalysed.

简介：Inthiswork,weinvestigatethemethodstoimprovetheperformanceofthesweptsourceat1.0μmbasedonapolygonscanner,includingin-cavityparametersandboosterstructuresoutofthecavity.Thethreein-cavityparametersarethecavitylength,therotatingspeedofthepolygonscanner,andthein-cavityenergy.Withthedecreaseofcavitylength,thespectrumbandwidthbecomeswiderandthedutycyclebecomeshigher.Withtheincreaseoftherotatingspeedofthepolygon,thespectrumbandwidthbecomesnarrower,andthedutycyclebecomeslowerbuttherepetitionratebecomeshigher.Withmoreenergyin-cavity,thespectrumbandwidthbecomeswiderandthedutycyclebecomeshigher.Theboosterstructuresincludethebufferedstructure,secondaryamplifier,anddual-semiconductoropticalamplifierconfiguration,whichareusedtoincreasethesweepfrequencyto86kHz,theoutputpowerto18mW,andthetuningbandwidthto131nm,respectively.

简介：Thescatteringmatrixtheoryhasbeendevelopedtocalculatethethird-ordernonlineareffectinsphere-grapheneslabstructures.Bydesigningstructuralparameters,wehavedemonstratedthattheincidentelectromagneticwavecanbewellconfinedinthegrapheneinthesestructuresduetotheformationofaboundstateinthecontinuum(BIC)ofradiationmodes.Basedonsuchaboundstate,third-harmonic(TH)generationandfour-wavemixing(FWM)havebeenstudied.ItisfoundthattheefficiencyofTHgenerationinmonolayergraphenecanbeenhancedabout7ordersofmagnitude.Itisinterestingthatwecandesignstructureparameterstomakeallbeams(thepumpbeam,probebeam,andgeneratedFWMsignal)beBICsatthesametime.Insuchacase,theefficiencyofFWMinmonolayergraphenecanbeenhancedabout9ordersofmagnitude.BoththeTHandFWMsignalsaresensitivetothewavelength,andpossesshighQfactors,whichexhibitverygoodmonochromaticity.BytakingsuitableBICs,theselectivegenerationofTHandFWMsignalsforS-andP-polarizedwavescanalsoberealized,whichisbeneficialforthedesignofopticaldevices.

简介：ThenanostructuredAl-basedcompositespossessthecombinationofhighyieldstrengthandgoodductility.Inthispaper,amicromechanicalmodelispresentedtosimulatethemechanicalresponseofbimodalnanostructuredAlandtheparticle-reinforcedaluminummatrixcomposite(PAMC).Theconstitutiverelationsfordifferentphasesareaddressedinthemodel,aswellasthecontributionofmicrocracks.NumericalresultsshowthatthemodelcansuccessfullydescribetheenhancedstrengthandductilityofthebimodalnanostructuredAl,andthepredictionsofthePAMCareingoodagreementwiththeexperimentaldata.ItisworthnotingthatthestrengthandductilityaresensitivetothevolumefractionofconstituentsandthedistributionofmicrocracksinbothbimodalnanostructuredAlandPAMC.Therefore,thepresenttheoreticalresultscanbeusedtooptimizethemicrostructureforimprovingthemechanicalpropertiesofnanostructuredAl-basedcomposites.

简介：Thebendingresponsesoffunctionallygraded(FG)nanobeamswithsimplysupportededgesareinvestigatedbasedonTimoshenkobeamtheoryinthisarticle.TheGurtin-MurdochsurfaceelasticitytheoryisadoptedtoanalyzetheinfluencesofsurfacestressonbendingresponseofFGnanobeam.ThematerialpropertiesareassumedtovaryalongthethicknessofFGnanobeaminpowerlaw.Thebendinggoverningequationsarederivedbyusingtheminimumtotalpotentialenergyprincipleandexplicitformulasarederivedforrotationangleanddeflectionofnanobeamswithsurfaceeffects.IllustrativeexamplesareimplementedtogivethebendingdeformationofFGnanobeam.Theinfluencesoftheaspectratio,gradientindex,andsurfacestressondimensionlessdeflectionarediscussedindetail.