简介：Chronicheartfailureisincreasinglyprevalentworldwideandisassociatedwithsignificantmorbidityandmortality.TheCochranereviewdemonstratedthatcardiacrehabilitation(CR)resultedinimprovementsinQOLandareductioninlong-termmortality.Chronickidneydisease(CKD)isanotherworldwidepublichealthproblem.ThisreviewfocusesontheimportanceandefficacyofrehabilitationforCKDpatientsasanewtargetofCR.PatientswithCKDonhemodialysis(HD)haveahighmortalityrate,withcardiovasculardiseases,suchaschronicheartfailure.Anewsystematicreviewandmeta-analysisofrandomizedcontrolledtrialsreportedthatexercise-basedrenalrehabilitationimprovedaerobiccapacity,muscularfunctioning,cardiovascularfunction,walkingcapacity,andQOLinCKDpatientswithHD.Moreover,exercisetrainingmayhaverenalprotectiveeffects,notonlyinsomeanimalmodelsofpre-HDCKD,butalsoinpre-HDCKDpatients.Exercisetherapycouldbeaneffectiveclinicalstrategyinimprovingrenalfunction,loweringtheneedforrenalreplacementtherapy,suchasHD,andreducingrenaltransplantriskinpre-HDCKDpatients.ThisledtheMinistryofHealth,LaborandWelfareofJapantoextendrenalrehabilitationpartialcoveragetostage4pre-HDCKDpatientsforthefirsttimeintheworldin2016.

简介：Theinflammatoryprocessplaysacentralroleinthedevelopmentandprogressionofnumerouspathologicalsituations,suchasinflammatoryboweldisease(IBD),autoimmuneandneurodegenerativediseases,metabolicsyndrome,andcardiovasculardisorders.IBDsinvolveinflammationofthegastrointestinalareaandmainlycompriseCrohn’sdisease(CD)andulcerativecolitis(UC).Bothpathologicalsituationsusuallyinvolverecurringorbloodydiarrhea,pain,fatigueandweightloss.ThereisatpresentnopharmacologicalcureforCDorUC.However,surgerymaybecurativeforUCpatients.Theprescribedtreatmentaimstoamelioratethesymptomsandpreventand/ordelaynewpainfulepisodes.Flavonoidcompoundsarealargefamilyofhydroxylatedpolyphenolicmoleculesabundantinplants,includingvegetablesandfruitswhicharethemajordietarysourcesofthesecompoundsforhumans,togetherwithwineandtea.Flavonoidsarebecomingverypopularbecausetheyhavemanyhealth-promotinganddisease-preventiveeffects.Mostinteresthasbeendirectedtowardstheantioxidantactivityofflavonoids,evidencingaremarkablefree-radicalscavengingcapacity.However,accumulatingevidencesuggeststhatflavonoidshavemanyotherbiologicalproperties,includinganti-inflammatory,antiviral,anticancer,andneuroprotectiveactivitiesthroughdifferentmechanismsofaction.ThepresentreviewanalyzestheavailabledataaboutthedifferenttypesofflavonoidsandtheirpotentialeffectivenessasadjuvanttherapyofIBDs.

简介：ThisarticlereviewstheeffectivenessofintratympaniccorticosteroidsforvertigocontrolinM_eni_ere'sdiseaseat2-yearsfollow-upaccordingtotheguidelinesexpressedbytheAmericanAcademyofOtolaryngology-Head&NeckSurgery.DespitetheincreaseduseofintratympaniccorticosteroidsforvertigocontrolinM_eni_ere'sdiseasethereisdebateastotheireffectiveness,particularlycomparedtogentamicin.Evenso,afterjustasinglecourseofinjections,corticosteroidscanreliablyprovidecompletevertigocontrol(ClassA)at2-yearsinabout50%ofcasesasindicatedinarecentdouble-blindrandomizedcontrolledclinicaltrial(Pateletal.,2016).Buttheeffectivenessofintratympaniccorticosteroidstrulyincreaseswhentreatmentisprovided'as-needed',wherebycompletevertigocontrolisestablishedinupto91%ofcases.Onthebasisofavailableliterature,thereisgoodevidencetorecommendtheuseofintratympanicsteroidtreatmentforvertigocontrolinM_eni_ere'sdisease,butpatientsmustbemonitoredfornon-response.Therationalefortreatingpatientsas-neededandthepossiblereasonsforcorticosteroidnonresponsearediscussed.

简介：Cardiovasculardisease(CVD)anddepressionandanxietycontributesubstantiallytothecurrentdiseaseburdenworldwideaswellasinChina.BothdepressionandanxietyarehighlyprevalentamongpatientswithCVD.WesystematicallyreviewedtheliteraturetodisentangletheroleofdepressionandanxietydisordersintheonsetandprognosisofCVDwithanemphasisoncohortstudiesconductedintheChinesepopulation.Despitethelackoflarge-scaleprospectivestudiesinChina,theavailableevidenceimpliesthatbothdepressionandanxietyarecloselyassociatedwiththeonsetandprognosisofCVD,includingischemicheartdiseaseandstroke,inChineseadults.Putativebehavioralandbiologicalmechanismsareimplicatedinthelinkbetweendepression/anxietyandCVD.TimelyscreeninganddiagnosisfollowedbypropertreatmentshouldbeimplementedfordepressionandanxietyinboththegeneralpopulationandpatientswithCVD.CurrentstandardtreatmentssuchasselectiveserotoninreuptakeinhibitorsandpsychotherapiesarerecommendedforCVDpatientswithdepression,althoughtheirefficacyforreducingCVDmorbidityandmortalityremainsuncertain.Inconclusion,prospectivestudiesonthelinkbetweendepression/anxietyandtheonsetandprognosisofCVDareurgentlyneededintheChinesepopulation,andmoreeffortsarewarrantedtoexaminetheefficacyofdepressionandanxietytreatmentsforCVDpatients,particularlytheintegratedcaremodelofincludingpsychiatristsinamultidisciplinaryclinicalgroup.

简介：Background:Thehospitalizationburdenofcongenitalheartdisease(CHD)atthenationalorregionallevelinChinaremainsunknown.WeaimedtoevaluatetherecentpatientcharacteristicsandtemporaltrendsofhospitalizationsforCHDinBeijing.Methods:PatientshospitalizedforCHDinBeijingfrom2007to2011wereidentifiedfromtheHospitalDischargeInformationSystem.Patientcharacteristicswererecorded,andtrendsinhospitalizationrateswereanalyzedbyPoissonregressionafteradjustmentforageandsex.Results:Atotalof53,064patientswereadmittedforCHDinBeijingduringthestudyperiod,amongwhom50.5%werechildrenyoungerthan5years,30.0%wereadults,18.5%hadsevereCHD,86.9%werenonpermanentBeijingresidents,and81.3%wereadmittedtocardiac-specifictertiaryhospitals.Thehospitalizationrateincreasedfrom10.2per100,000populationin2007to12.4per100,000populationin2011,representingasignificantincreaseafteradjustmentforageandsex(P=0.009).However,thetrendsvariedindifferentgroups.Therateshalvedin2011forbothnonsevereCHDandsevereCHDcomparedwiththeratesin2010,whereasincreasingtrendswerenoticedinchildrenaged1–4yearsandadultsfornonsevereCHDacrossthestudyperiod.Conclusions:TheoverallrateofCHDhospitalizationhasbeenincreasinginBeijing,whereasnotallpatientgroupshavethesametrend.Thehospitalizationratedecreasedamonginfants,whiletheratefornonsevereCHDincreasedsignificantlyamongadults.Thesefindingswillbeofimportanceforfutureallocationofhealthresources.

简介：IL-33/ST2轴在几织物特定的自体免疫的疾病的致病被含有。腹的疾病(CD)是主要基因因素(HLA-DQ2/DQ8)和为危险性的etiologic(饮食的面筋)在被知道的唯一的自体免疫的疾病。我们测量了浆液层次和IL-33和它的受体的坚定的肠的织物表示在病人与的可溶的ST2与疾病活动调查他们的协会的CD。没有CD，IL-33和sST2的浆液和织物层次与在控制病人的那些相比在有CD的病人是显著地更高的。我们证明显著地从大麦和小麦麦胶蛋白质提取的有毒的肽从腹的病人在有教养的外部血mononuclear房间刺激IL-33和ST2的生产，强烈含有在CD的致病的IL-33/ST2轴。在织物和浆液的IL-33和它的受体ST2的高水平反映一个活跃煽动性的状态并且可以为疾病活动代表潜在的biomarker。IL-33/ST2版本，行动的模式，和规定的更好的理解将是关键的开发治疗学指向IL-33/ST2小径到对待CD。

简介：DearEditor,Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada(VKH)diseaseisacell-mediatedautoimmunesyndromedirectedagainstmelanocytes.Itisconsideredamultisystemdisordercharacterizedbygranulomatouspanuveitisoftenassociatedwithneurologicandcutaneousmanifestations.Thechoroidisthemainsiteof

简介：BackgroundChronickidneydisease(CKD)patientsareathighriskofatherosclerosis.Structuralandelasticchangesofcarotidarterywallreflecttherangeanddegreeofatherosclerosisinperipheralarteries,whichcanbeacquiredbyultrasoundradiofrequency-datatechniqueautomaticallyandprecisely.MethodsAtotalof66CKDpatientswithnegativeresultsonroutinecarotidarteryultrasoundexaminationwereenrolled,and30healthyphysicalexamineeswereselectedascontrols.Patientsweredividedinto3groupsaccordingtoCKDstage:stage1-2,stage3-4andstage5.Clinicalcharacteristicsandthelaboratoryresultswereacquired.Intima-mediathickness(IMT)andcompliancecoefficient(CC)ofcommoncarotidarteryweremeasuredbyultrasoundradiofrequencydatatechnique(QIMTandQAS).PredictorsofIMTandCCwereanalyzedrespectively.ResultsAmongthe66patients,15wereonstage1-2,15onstage3-4and36onstage5accordingtoeGFR.ThecommoncarotidarteryIMT(CCIMT)ofalltheCKDgroupsexceptpatientsonstage1-2wassignificantlyincreasedwhencomparedwithcontrols.TheCCofcarotidarterysignificantlywasdecreasedineveryCKDgroupcomparedwithcontrols.AgeandCKDstageweresignificantpredictorsofCCIMTandCCinCKDpatients(P<0.05).AgingandadvancedCKDstagewereassociatedwithincreasedCCIMT(OR=4.855and4.969)anddecreasedCC(OR=32.178and14.068).ConclusionsRadiofrequency-datatechniquecandetectthesmallchangesofstructureandelasticityofcarotidarterywallinCKDpatients.CKDpatientshaveincreasedIMTanddecreasedelasticityofcarotidarterycomparedwithhealthysubjects.AgingandadvancedCKDstageareassociatedwithincreasedCCIMTanddecreasedCC.

简介：Alzheimer’sdisease(AD)isthemostcommontypeofdementiainelderlypopulation.WithagrowingagingpopulationnotonlyintheUnitedStatesbutalsointheworldwide,ADconstitutesanemergentpublichealthproblem.Overdecades,theprevailinghypothesiswasthatneurodegenerationmightresultfromoneortwoofthespecificlesions

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简介：Background:Thesafetyandefficacyofcoronaryarterybypassgrafting(CABG)andsecond-generationdrug-elutingstents(DESs)inpatientswithcoronaryarterydisease(CAD)remaincontroversial.ThereforeweaimedtocomparetheoutcomesofCADpatientstreatedwithCABGandsecond-generationDESs.Methods:WesystematicallysearchedthePubMed,CochraneLibrary,Ovid,andElsevierdatabases.Studiescomparingsecond-generationDESswithCABGinCADpatientswereincluded.RevMan5.3wasusedtoextractandpoolthedatafromtheapplicablestudies.Results:Sixtrials(N=6604participants)wereincludedinthismeta-analysis.AmongalloftheCADpatients,second-generationDESswereassociatedwithnodifferencesintherisksofall-causedeath[riskratio(RR)1.18,95%confidenceinterval(CI)0.98–1.43,P=0.09],cardiovasculardeath(RR1.14,95%CI0.81–1.59,P=0.45),myocardialinfarction(RR1.22,95%CI0.98–1.54,P=0.08),andstroke(RR0.83,95%CI0.59–1.17,P=0.29),butincreasedtherisksofrevascularization(RR1.95,95%CI1.66–2.30,P<0.001)andmajoradversecardiacandcerebrovascularevents(RR1.72,95%CI:1.31–2.26,P<0.001)whencomparedwithCABG.Conclusions:InthetreatmentofCADpatients,second-generationDESswasnotassociatedwithincreasedrisksofall-causedeath,cardiovasculardeath,myocardialinfarction,andstroke,butincreasedtherisksofrevascularizationandmajoradversecardiacandcerebrovasculareventswhencomparedwithCABG.

简介：在那些之中的服务和它有在一张农村南方印第安人population.METHODSA人口的单方的视觉缺陷(VI)的联系因素基于代表性的学习的眼睛照顾的利用上的AIMTo报告处于AndhraPradesh的状态在三个区域(Adilabad，Mahbubnagar和西方Godavari)被进行，印度。详细会见和全面眼睛考试被进行。那些关于在视觉并且在眼睛照顾服务的利用上注意任何变化与单方的VI被问问题。参加者为不利用服务报导的最重要的原因被用于分析。多重逻辑回归模型被用来检验在在象4456个参加者变老的VI.RESULTSAmong的住处，严厉和原因的年龄，性，教育和区域那样的视觉和socio人口统计的变量注意一个变化之间的协会16y被管理问询表，53.2%是女人，并且54.7%没有教育。489(11%；95%CI：10.1-11.9)有单方的VI的人，399(81.6%)参加者报导了在最后五年在他们的视觉注意一个变化但是仅仅136(34.1%)参加者寻求了眼睛照顾咨询。有任何教育的那些(或：1.9；95%CI：1.1-3.2)，有的盲目(或：2.7；95%CI：1.4-5.2)，并且奔流(或：2.1；95%CI：1.0-4.3)因为单方的VI的一个原因是相似的更多寻求，看照顾咨询。为不寻求眼睛照顾服务的最通常报导的原因是没有钱因为在30.7%参加者的眼睛检查列在后面由没有一个严重问题(30.0%)农村人口的大比例不过注意了的.CONCLUSIONA在他们的视觉的一个变化没寻求眼睛照顾由于金融并且人相关的原因。眼睛照顾服务供应商需要这些障碍到地址与单方的VI在那些之中提高眼睛照顾服务的举起。