简介:Thereareabout17chromosomesinyeastSaccharomycescerevisiae.Amiddlesizedchromosome,chromosomeV,waschoseninthisworkforstudyingandconstructingthephysi-calmaps.ChromosomeVfromstrainA364awasisolatedbypulsed-fieldgradientgelelectrophoresis(PFGE).GelslicescontainingchromosomeVDNAweredigestedwithtworarecuttingenzymes,NotⅠandSfiⅠ,andthree6-Ntrecognizingenzymes,SmaⅠ,SstⅡandApaⅠ.Severalstrategies-partialorcompletedigestions,digestionwithdifferentsetsoftwoenzymes,andhybrid-izationwithclonedgeneticallymappedprobes(CAN1,URA3,CEN5,PRO3,CHO1,SUP19,RAD51,RAD3)——wereusedtoaligntherestrictionfragments.Thereare9,9,15,17,and20sitesforNotⅠ,SfiⅠ,SmaⅠ,SstⅡandApaⅠrespectivelyinthemapoftheA364achromosomeV.Itstotallengthwascalculatedtobe620Kb(Kilo-bases).Thedistributionsofthecuttingsitesforthesefiveenzymesthroughthewholechromosomearenotuniform.Acomp-arisonbetweenthephysicalmapandthegeneticmapwasalsomade.
简介:Amajorproblemwhichispoorlyunderstoodinthemanagementofbladdercancerislowsensitivitytochemotherapyandhighrecurrenceaftertransurethralresection.Insulin-likegrowthfactor1receptor(IGF-1R)signalingplaysaveryimportantroleinprogression,invasionandmetastasisofbladdercancercells.Inthisstudy,weinvestigatedwhetherIGF-1Rwasinvolvedinthegrowthstimulatingactivityanddrugresistanceofbladdercancercells.Theresultsshowed:ThemRNAsofIGF-1,IGF-2andIGF-1Rwerestronglyexpressedinserum-freeculturedT24cellline,whereasnormalurothelialcellsdidnotexpressthesefactors/receptorsoronlyintracelevels;T24cellrespondedfarbettertogrowthstimulationbyIGF-1thandidnormalurothelialcells;blockageofIGF1Rbyantisenseoligodeoxynucleotide(ODN)significantlyinhibitedthegrowthofT24cellandenhancedsensitivityandapoptosisofT24cellstomitomycin(MMC).TheseresultssuggestedthatblockageofIGF-IRsignalingmightpotentiallycontributetothetreatmentofbladdercancercellswhichareinsensitivetochemotherapy.
简介:目的:通过检测藏獒黑素皮质激素受体1(MClR)基因的单链构象多态性(SSCP)在不同毛色群体中的分布,探讨MClR基因多态性与毛色表型的相关性。方法:采用DNA测序技术,选择不同毛色藏獒的DNA为样本,根据GenBank发布的荷斯坦牛MClR基因序列设计一对引物,采用PCR-SSCP技术分析MClR基因在藏獒中的SSCP。结果:MClR基因在藏獒中具有PCR-SSCP多态性,分别检测到3种基因型(AA、AB和BB);对MClR基因多态性片段DNA克隆测序后发现,MClR基因在编码区第313位存在单碱基突变(G-,A),该突变导致第105位氨基酸发生由丙氨酸向苏氨酸的改变(T105A)。结论:肘CJR基因的多态性与毛色性状不存在显著的相关性。
简介:WedevelopedanRfunctionnamed'microarrayoutlierfilter'(MOF)toassistintheidentificationoffailedarrays.Insortingagroupofsimilararraysbythelike-lihoodoffailure,twostatisticalindiceswereemployed:thecorrelationcoefficientandthepercentageofoutlierspots.MOFcanbeusedtomonitorthequalityofmi-croarraydataforbothtroubleshooting,andtoeliminatebaddatasetsfromdown-streamanalysis.Thefunctionisfreelyavaliableathttp://www.wriwindber.org/applications/mof/.
简介:MYB蛋白质在真核细胞的有机体起重要作用。在植物,R1R2R3类型MYB蛋白质在房间周期控制工作。然而,R2R3类型MYB蛋白质是否也涉及房间部门过程,仍然保持未知。这里,我们报导那R2R3类型抄写因素基因,AtMYB59,涉及房间周期前进和根生长的规定。AtMYB59蛋白质在洋葱的原子核是局部性的表皮的房间并且transactivation活动。在酵母房间的AtMYB59的表示压制房间增长,和transformants与更长的房间有更多的原子核和更高的aneuploidDNA内容。在AtMYB59的保存领域的变化在酵母细胞生长上废除它的效果。在同步Arabidopsis房间暂停,AtMYB59基因明确地在房间周期前进期间在S阶段被表示。表示和promoter-GUS分析表明AtMYB59基因富有地在根被表示。转基因的植物overexpressingAtMYB59更短的根与野类型的植物(Arabidopsis就职Col-0)相比,并且在在根尖端的有丝分裂的房间的一半附近在中期。相反地,空变异的myb59-1比关口在中期让更长的根和更少有丝分裂的房间,建议那AtMYB59可以由扩大有丝分裂的房间的中期禁止根生长。AtMYB59调整许多下游的基因,包括CYCB1;1基因,可能通过到MYB应答的元素的绑定。这些结果在细胞周期规定和植物根生长为AtMYB59支持一个角色。
简介:Microarrayhasbecomeapopularbiotechnologyinbiologicalandmedicalresearch.However,systematicandstochasticvariabilitiesinmicroarraydataareexpectedandunavoidable,resultingintheproblemthattherawmeasurementshaveinherent"noise"withinmicroarrayexperiments.Currently,logarithmicratiosareusuallyanalyzedbyvariousclusteringmethodsdirectly,whichmayintroducebiasinterpretationinidentifyinggroupsofgenesorsamples.Inthispaper,astatisticalmethodbasedonmixedmodelapproacheswasproposedformicroarraydataclusteranalysis.TheunderlyingrationaleofthismethodistopartitiontheobservedtotalgeneexpressionlevelintovariousvariationscausedbydifferentfactorsusinganANOVAmodel,andtopredictthedifferentialeffectsofGV(genebyvariety)interactionusingtheadjustedunbiasedprediction(AUP)method.ThepredictedGVinteractioneffectscanthenbeusedastheinputsofclusteranalysis.Weillustratedtheapplicationofourmethodwithageneexpressiondatasetandelucidatedtheutilityofourapproachusinganexternalvalidation.
简介:Threetypesofroughsurfacewereprocessedbylaserirradiationonthe3Cr2W8Vmaterialhot-workdiesteelsurface.Thewearexperimentswithsmoothsurfaceandroughsurfacesampleswererepeatedonthepin-traywearmachine.Accordingtothewearresults,westudiedtheregularityofwearresistanceofdifferentroughsurfacesamples.Theresultsindicatedthatbionicroughsurfacecanimprovethewearresistanceofthematerialandthewearresistancecanbeincreased1-2times,comparedwiththesmoothsurface.Also,thewearresistanceoftheroughsurfacewasaffectedbylasercurrentanddurationofimpulse.Thebiggerthelasercurrentortheimpulseduration,thebetteristhewearresistance.Whenthedistancebetweenthesamekindofunitswhicharedistributedonthesurfacesischanged,thewearresistancechanges.Thewearresistanceofabionicroughsurfaceonwhichthegridunitsweredistributedatspacingof1mmwasthebest.Andwedesignedthewearmodels.
简介:流行性感冒A病毒(H1N1),人的地方性的紧张的一个基因分类,鸟并且猪流感,穿过种类障碍到人并且显然获得了人的能力到人的传播。因为NS1蛋白质禁止抗病毒的干扰素/生产,H5N1子类型的一些紧张是高度剧毒的。另一蛋白质NS2调停到通过出口的细胞质的从原子核的病毒的ribonucleoprotein的出口信号。在这份报纸,我们学习了H1N1子类型的这些蛋白质的结构功能关系并且决定了他们的致病力的原因。我们的结果证明非保守的变化稍微稳定了或使动摇NS1或NS1-dsRNA建筑群的结构的域,稍微因此增加了或减少NS1蛋白质并且因而的函数提高了或减少H1N1病毒的致病力。不同紧张的NS2蛋白质在不同领域带了非保守的变化,导致功能的细微损失。这些变化稍微减少了病毒的致病力。因此,结果证实这些病毒的蛋白质的结构功能关系。
简介:以油茶湘林4号为材料,通过RT-PCR和RACE的方法克隆出油茶磷酸转运子Pht1基因家族一个成员的全长cD-NA序列,命名为CoPht1;1(GenBank登录号:JX403969),通过实时定量PCR的方法检测了不同磷浓度下该基因在根系中的表达水平。结果表明:CoPht1;1CDS长度为1626bp,编码542个氨基酸,与其他物种的Pht1氨基酸序列具有较高的相似性,其中与夹竹桃科长春花的Pht1相似性最高,达到88%;蛋白质二级结构和拓扑结构预测表明,CoPht1;1具有跨膜蛋白的主要特征,与其他物种的Pht1具有一致性;实时定量RT-PCR结果表明,油茶Pht1基因的表达受低磷诱导,并在受磷胁迫处理(P浓度为0.1mmol/L)15d时表达量最高。
简介:Brassinosteroids(BR)被transmembrane受体和戏察觉在植物生长和开发的重要角色,以及响应环境刺激的房间。transmembrane受体BRI1能直接绑在brassinolide(BL),并且BAK1与BRI1交往提高发信号的调停BRI1的BR。我们的以前的研究显示了那膜类固醇绑定蛋白质(MSBP1)1能在vitro绑在BL并且否定地涉及BR发信号。进一步阐明内在的机制,我们这里证明MSBP1明确地以一种BL独立的方式在vivo与BAK1的细胞外的领域交往。由MSBP1的增加的表示的压制的房间扩大和BR回答能被overexpressingBAK1或它的细胞内部的kinase领域恢复,建议MSBP1可以压制通过与BAK1交往发信号的BR。Subcellular本地化研究表明MSBP1和BAK1对血浆膜和endocytic泡局部性,MSBP1加速BAK1endocytosis,它导致由向内涵体转移BAK1的平衡发信号的压制的BR。确实,提高了MSBP1表示还原剂在在vivo的BRI1和BAK1之间的相互作用,表明那MSBP1在发信号的BR的早步充当一个否定因素小径。
简介:目的:对客观记录的脑电图数据进行仅波功率谱分布特性的研究,为正确划分正常人α波的主要分布范围提供基础实验依据和理论根据,并为以此为依据而进行的其他研究做基础分析。方法:对α波显著出现的后头部及枕部电极得到的脑电图数据进行相关运算、功率转换和曲线拟合,得出脑电图数据功率和频率之间的二维关系图以及α波不同相关系数下的拟合图形,通过这些研究得出α波的主要分布范围。结果:相关系数在(1,0.45]内时仅波显著出现,在(0.1,0.45]内时不能确定是否出现,而小于0.1时判定为不出现。结论:自相关系数越高,α波出现就越显著并且分布集中,随着自相关系数的降低直至为零,α波的出现也越见减少并且松散。逐渐至不出现的状态。
简介:Changesinthedistributionof1P1-antigeninthedevelopingchickretinahavebeenexaminedbyindriectimmunofluorescencestainingtechniqueusingthenovelmonoclonalantibody(MAb)1P1.Expressionofthe1P1antigenwasfoundtoberegulatedinradialaswellasintangentialdimensionoftheretina,beingpreferentiallyorexclusivelylocatedintheinnerandouterplexiformlayersoftheneuralretinadependingonthestagesofdevelopment,Withtheonsetoftheformationoftheinnerplexiformlayer1P1antigenbecomesexpressedintheretina.Withprogressingdifferentiationoftheinnerplexiformlayer1P1immunofluorescencerevealed2subbandsatE9and6subandsatE18,Atpostnatalstages(afterP3)immunoreactivitywasreducedinaninside-outsidesequenceleadingtothecompleteabsenceofthe1P1antigeninadulthood.1P1antigenexpressionintheouterplexiformlayerwasalsosubjecttodevelopmentalregulation.Thespation-temporalpatternof1P1antigenexpressionwascorrelatedwiththetimecourseofhistologicaldifferentationofchickretina,namelythesynapserichplexiformlayers.Whetherthe1P1antigenwasfunctionallyinvolvedindendriteextensionandsynapseformationwasdiscussed.
简介:TheR(replicase)proteinistheuniquelydefinednon-structuralprotein(NSP)responsibleforRNAreplication,mutationrateorfidelity,regulationoftranscrip-tionincoronavirusesandmanyotherssRNAviruses.Basedonourcompletegenomesequencesoffourisolates(BJ01-BJ04)ofSARS-CoVfromBeijing,China,weanalyzedthestructureandpredictedfunctionsoftheRproteinincomparisonwith13otherisolatesofSARS-CoVand6othercoronaviruses.TheentireORF(open-readingframe)encodesfortwomajorenzymeactivities,RNA-dependentRNApolymerase(RdRp)andproteinaseactivities.TheRpolyproteinunder-goesacomplexproteolyticprocesstoproduce15function-relatedpeptides.Ahydrophobicdomain(HOD)andahydrophilicdomain(HID)arenewlyidentifiedwithinNSP1.ThesubstitutionrateoftheRproteinisclosetotheaverageoftheSARS-CoVgenome.ThefunctionaldomainsinallNSPsoftheRproteingivedifferentphylogeneticresultsthatsuggesttheirdifferentmutationrateunderselectivepressure.ElevenhighlyconservedregionsinRdRpandtwelvecleavagesitesby3CLP(chymotrypsin-likeprotein)havebeenidentifiedaspotentialdrugtargets.Findingssuggestthatitispossibletoobtaininformationaboutthephy-logenyofSARS-CoV,aswellaspotentialtoolsfordrugdesign,genotypinganddiagnosticsofSARS.
简介:目的研究体外培养的牛子宫上皮细胞内整合素αvβ3基因诱导差异表达的变化,以期为探究牛子宫容受态的标志蛋白提供参考。方法运用RT-PCR方法分析不同浓度雌激素、孕激素以及雌、孕激素协同作用对牛子宫内膜上皮细胞中整合素αvβ3的诱导表达变化情况。结果单独添加孕激素10^-7mg/mL时,整合素αvβ3表达量均最高,10^-7mg/mL组内αv和β3的表达量均显著高于对照组(P〈0.05)。单独添加雌激素10^-10mg/mL组,αv的表达量最高,而β3的表达量最低。协同添加雌、孕激素组中,整合素αvβ3的表达量均高于对照组,其中αv的表达量显著高于对照组(P〈0.05);β3的表达量与对照组相比差异不显著(P〉0.05)。结论单独添加孕激素和协同使用雌、孕激素时,均可以促进牛子宫内膜上皮细胞中整合素αvβ3的mRNA表达量上升;单独添加雌激素的作用则与之相反。由此,整合素αvβ3在"种植窗"期的牛子宫内膜上皮中可作为一个潜在的子宫容受态参考标志基因。