简介：

简介：

简介：Thisarticleseekstoaddresssomelingeringdebateswithinsustainabilitystudiesbyrevealingtheconnectionsbetweenrenewableenergyconsumptionandsustainability.Usingdatafrom30OECDcountries,thearticleexaminestheconnectionsviaregressionandgeospatialanalysis.Findingsfromthequantitativeanalysisindicatethatabout50%ofthevariationinsustainabilityisaccountedforbythedegreeofrenewablesconsumption.Thegeo-spatialanalysisvisuallyillustratestheintimateconnectionsbetweenthetwovariables.Theoretically,renewableen-ergyrelatestosustainabilityinthreedimensions.Thefirstdimensioniseconomic.Relyingontraditionalfossilfuelseventuallywillbringoureconomytoastop.Renewableenergies,however,areabletosecureourenergysupplyintoanindefinitefuture.Theseconddimensionlinkstoethics.Toleaveanintactplanettofuturegenerationsisamoralresponsibilityofourgeneration.Thecurrentenergysupplysystemisbuiltondepletionofnaturalresources,whilethesourcesofrenewableenergyarevastandconstantlyreplenished.Thelastdimensionisecologic.Howtoallocateaproperapportionmentoftheglobalbiospherebetweenhumankindandtheotherlifeontheearthisacriticalissuerelatedtosustainability.Byusingrenewableenergy,wecangreatlyreduceourimpactonbiodiversityandthereforestrikeabalancebetweenhumankindandotherlife.Overalltheresearchsuggeststhatdevelopingrenewablescanandinmanycasesdoessustainanation'seconomicgrowthwhilesimultaneouslyprotectingtheenvironment.Itisawin-winsituation.Thisfindingundoubtedlypointsoutapracticalandrealisticpathforsustainabledevelopment.

简介：

简介：WiththerapidsocialandeconomicdevelopmentoftheTibetAutonomousRegion,thesituationinregardtoenergysupplyanddemandisincreasinglytense.Meanwhile,thedevelopmentofrenewableenergyinTibethasbeengivenconsiderablepracticalsignificancebyitspeculiarecologicalenvironment.GiventhecomplementarityofrenewableenergiesinTibet,usingthemethodoffactoranalysis,wederivedfourmajorfactors:levelofeconomicdevelopment,socialdevelopment,industrialdevelopment,andenergyendowment,whichhelptoevaluatedevelopmentconditionsindifferentregionsofTibet.Treatingthesefourfactorsequally,weusedthehierarchicalclusteringmethodtodeterminetheorderofregionaldevelopment.Thusweacquireathree-stageplanningprojectforrenewableenergy.Inthefirststage,Lhasaplaysaleadingroleinpromotingthedevelopmentofrenewableenergy,particularlythatbasedonsolarandwindenergy.Therearetwophasesinthesecondstage,thefirstbeingtosimultaneouslydevelopsolarandwindenergyinXigazeandNyingchi.ThesecondistodevelopsolarandwindenergyinaccordancewiththetimeofyearinQamdo,Nagqu,andAli,with1.145billionkWhelectricitytobegenerated.ThethirdstageistodevelopenergyproductioninLhokaPrefecture,with1.369billionkWhelectricitytobegenerated.Attheendofthethree-stageproject,consumptionofavailableelectricitywillhavereached4.045billionkwh,withmajorsocialandeconomicbenefits.

简介：Importanceofdevelopingalternativeenergy●Weshalltakealternativeenergyasaforeseeable,strategicandlong-rangeissue,andpaygreatattentiontoitfromtheangleofnationalstrategy.

简介：Thispaperpresentsthedesign,implementationandtestingofanembeddedsystemthatintegratessolarandstorageenergyresourcestosmarthomeswithinthesmartmicrogrid.Theproposedsystemprovidestherequiredhomeenergybyinstallingrenewableenergyandstoragedevices.Italsomanagesandschedulesthepowerflowduringpeakandoff-peakperiods.Inaddition,atwo-waycommunicationprotocolisdevelopedtoenablethehomeownersandtheutilityserviceprovidertoimprovetheenergyflowandtheconsumptionefficiency.Thesystemcanbeanintegralpartforhomesinasmartgridorsmartmicrogridpowernetworks.Aprototypefortheproposedsystemwasdesigned,implementedandtestedbyusingacontrolledloadbanktosimulateascaledrandomrealhouseconsumptionbehavior.Threedifferentscenariosweretestedandtheresultsandfindingsarereported.Moreover,dataflowsecurityamongthehome,homeownersandutilityserverisdevelopedtominimizecyber-attacks.

简介：In2010,over300billionyuan($47.31billion)areinvestedinrenewableenergysourcesinChina,outrankingeveryothercountry.Hence,Chinahasbecomeoneoftheworld’sbiggestinvestorsinrenewableenergysources.

简介：Fast-growingeconomyimposinghigherrequirementforenergyindustryDuringthe"TenthFive-YearPlan"period,China'sGDPgrewatanaverageannualrateof9.5%,andcorrespondinglythetotalvolumeofenergyconsumptiongrewatanaverageannualrateof10.5%.

简介：

简介：

简介：Overthepastdecade,theChinesegovernmenthasdevelopedseveralplansregulationsandpolicymeasuresrelatedtothedevelopmentofrenewableenergytechnologiesandhasimplementedaseriesofpilotprojects.ChinesepolicymakershavespentseveralyearsstudyinghowrenewableenergypolicymodelsthathavebeenusedinternationallycouldbeimplementedinChina.Programsarecurrentlyunderwaytoimplementpilotrenewableportfoliostandards,ormandatorymarketshares(MMS)forrenewableenergy,inseveralprovinces.ThispaperexaminestheprimaryinstitutionsthatareinvolvedinpromotingrenewablepoliciesinChina,thestructureofthepoliciesthatcurrentlyarebeingdrafted,andthestatusofthecomplementary,national-levelrenewableenergylawbeingdraftedtoprovidealegalbasisforongoinglocalandnational-levelpolicies.ItthenexaminesthelegalrequirementsforpromotingrenewableenergylegislationundertheChineselaw-makingsystem.Finally,itprovidesrecommendationsfor

简介：

简介：SinceChinaisbeingfacedwiththepressureofenergyshortageandenvironmentalconservation,thepowerindustryinChinahastoactivelydeveloptherenewableenergyforelectricitygenerationwhileraisingtheutilizationefficiencyofconventionalenergy.Inviewofsuchfacts,ChinaGuodianCorporationdecidedonadevelopmentstrategyofgivingprioritytogreenpower,suchaswindpower.Basedonthenationalplanningofwindpowerdevelopment,thecorporationsetoutitsowntargetofinstallingwindpowercapacityof1500MWbytheendof2010,andisadoptingappropriatemeasuresincludingpromotingthelocalizationofwindturbinesanddevelopinghydropower,thermalpowerandwindpowersimultaneously.Moreover,itputsomerelevantsuggestions.

简介：Fuelcellsandelectrolysisarepromisingcandidatesforfutureenergyproductionfromrenewableenergysources.Usually,polymerelectrolytefuelcellsystemsrunonhydrogenandair,whilethemostofelectrolysissystemsventoutoxygenasunusedby-product.Replacingairwithpureoxygen,fuelcellelectrochemicalperformance,durabilityandsystemefficiencycanbesignificantlyincreasedwithafurtheroverallsystemsimplificationandincreasedreliability.Thiswork,whichrepresentstheinitialstepforpureH2/O2polymerelectrolytefuelcelloperationinclosed-loopsystems,focusesonperformancevalidationofasinglecelloperatingwithpureH2/O2underdifferentrelativehumidity（RH）levels,reactantsstoichiometryconditionsandtemperature.Asaresultofthisstudy,themostconvenientandappropriateoperativeconditionsforapolymerelectrolytefuelcellstackintegratedinaclosedloopsystemwereselected.

简介：Themainuseforspentcoffeegrounds(SCG)producedinthesolublecoffeeindustryisthermalenergygenerationintheindustryitself.TheSCGareprocessedusingoperationsthatarestronglydependentonpowderflowbehavior.Inthisstudy,weevaluatedtwoclassicalflowabilityindicesofnon-consolidatedSCGpowders:theangleofrepose(AoR),andtheHausnerratio(HR).Theinfluencesofthemeanparticlediameter,particlesizedistribution(PSD),andwatercontentontheAoRandHRvaluesofSCGwereanalyzedforpowderswithameanparticlesizerangeof225-550μm.Forpowderswithameanparticlesizecloseto350μmandformixturescontainingmorethan40%fineparticles,theHR(>1.35)andAoR(>45°)valueswerecharacteristicofpoorflowability.TheAoRwassensitivetothepowderPSD,andpowderswithsimilarmeanparticlesizeshadhigherAoRvalueswhenthePSDwaslarger.Forpowdersw让hwatercontentsupto50%,theflowabilityindiceswerenotgreatlyaffectedbythewatercontent.Amodifiedlinear-mixturepackingmodelwasusedtopredictthepackedbedvoidfractionsforbinaryandternarymixturesofthethreebasepowders.ThemodelwasusedtoconstructaternarydiagramtoestimatetheHRvaluesofthemixtures.AnequationwasfittedtocorrelateHRandAoR.TheproposeddiagramandtheequationprovideinsightintoflowbehaviorandcouldbeusedforprocessdesignofindustrialplantsthathandleSCG.

简介：PresentlytheironandsteelmakersarecompelledtoincorporaterationalinitiativestoreduceitsprocessingCO2totalemissions.Inthemediumandlongterm,theinjectionofsmallparticlesofbiocharthroughthetuyereesinblastfurnaces,herecalledBio-PCI,offersattractivefeaturesfromtheenvironmentalandmetallurgicalpointofview,asitisarenewablecarbonneutralreductantandpresentslesserimpuritiesthancoke.However,itsutilizationinironplantsisbeenhinderedbythetraditionallargeavailabilityofrelativelyeconomicalcoalandcoke.Asthecostoftheprincipalprocessinginputsincreases（coal,cokeandironore）thegapbetweenfossilandrenewablereductantsdecreases.Inthissense,ourcontributionaimstocomplementthemetallurgicalinquiryoftechnicalfeasibilitywithastrategicidentificationoftheareaswithbestprospectstobenefitsfromtheincorporationofBio-PCI:wherecanitflourish?.Ouranalysisleadstoindicatethatemergingcountriesinspecific,China,BrazilandIndia,areinaprimepositiontoincorporatetheBio-PCIastheysimultaneouslycomplywithagrowingironindustrybasedonblastfurnaces,andpossessanimportantpotentialforenergygenerationfromforestryresidues.

简介：WWFChinaandtheInternationalNetworkforBambooandRattan(INBAR)jointlylaunchedtheproject"PromotionofEnergyEfficientBuildings:IntegrationofBambooandRenewableEnergyTechnologies"togetherwiththeUrban&RuralPlanning&DesignInstituteofYunnanandBEARArchitectenGouda(Holland)inMarch2002.Theobjectiveoftheprojectistodesignmodelhouses,hotelsandschoolbuildingsforruralpeopleinYuananProvincetoprovide'comfortable'livingconditionswithaminimumandmeani...

简介：这份报纸优化电和为精力分发购买过程的可更新的精力信用(录制)。电在deregulated被交换以波动的价格的时间顺序的市场。在价格和需求无常下面购买的最佳的电进一步是为电经销商，和最近实现的可更新的公事包标准(RPS)的一项挑战性的任务复杂化购买过程。有关RPS的政府规章的决定要求经销商购买相应证书，也就是消遣，等价于他们的电出售的某个百分比。这份报纸为电和消遣提出并且优化联合购买过程。它也分析在电经销商上的RPS政策的效果。

简介：