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简介：摘要ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy on ankle flexor spasticity in stroke survivors and to reveal changes in the fibroelastic components of muscle.DesignRandomized controlled trial.SettingInpatient neuro-rehabilitation clinic of a university hospital.ParticipantsStroke patients with ankle flexor spasticity.InterventionsPatients were randomized to three groups; radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy, sham, or control. Active and sham therapy were administered two sessions/week for two weeks. All patients received conventional rehabilitation.Main measuresThe primary outcome was Modified Ashworth Scale. Secondary outcomes were the Tardieu Scale and elastic properties of plantar flexor muscles assessed by elastography (strain index). All assessments were performed before, immediately after the treatment, and four weeks later at follow-up.ResultsFifty-one participants were enrolled (active therapy n＝17, sham n＝17, control n＝17). Modified Ashworth scores showed a significant decrease in the active therapy group (from 2.47±0.72 to 1.41±0.62) compared to sham (from 2.19±1.05 to 2.06±1.12) and control (from 2.06±0.85 to 2.00±0.73) groups immediately after the treatment (P<0.001). Tardieu results were also in concordance (P<0.001), however this effect was not preserved at follow-up. Elastic properties of the ankle flexors were improved in all groups at both assessments after the therapy showing significant decreases in strain index (P<0.001). However, there was no difference among the groups in terms of improvement in elastography.ConclusionRadial extracorporeal shock wave therapy has short-term anti-spastic effects on ankle flexor muscles when used as an adjunct to conventional rehabilitation.

简介：AbstractObjective:As exclusively endoscopic endonasal resection of benign orbital tumors has become more widespread, high-quality outcomes data are lacking regarding the decision of when and how to reconstruct the medial orbital wall following resection. The goal of this study was to systematically review pertinent literature to assess clinical outcomes relative to orbital reconstruction practices.Methods:Data Sources: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science. A systematic review of studies reporting exclusively endoscopic endonasal resections of benign orbital tumors was conducted. Articles not reporting orbital reconstruction details were excluded. Patient and tumor characteristics, operative details, and outcomes were recorded. Variables were compared using χ2, Fisher's exact, and independent t tests.Results:Of 60 patients included from 24 studies, 34 (56.7%) underwent orbital reconstruction following resection. The most common types of reconstruction were pedicled flaps (n = 15, 44.1%) and free mucosal grafts (n = 11, 32.4%). Rigid reconstruction was uncommon (n = 3, 8.8%). Performance of orbital reconstruction was associated with preoperative vision compromise (P < 0.01). The tendency to forego orbital reconstruction was associated with preoperative proptosis (P < 0.001), larger tumor size (P = 0.001), and operative exposure of orbital fat (P < 0.001) and extraocular muscle (P= 0.035). There were no statistically significant differences between the reconstruction and nonreconstruction groups in terms of short- or long-term outcomes when considering all patients. In patients with intraconal tumors, however, there was a higher rate of short-term postoperative diplopia when reconstruction was foregone (P = 0.041). This potential benefit of reconstruction did not persist: At an average of two years postoperatively, all patients for whom reconstruction was foregone either had improved or unchanged diplopia.Conclusion:Most outcomes assessed did not appear affected by orbital reconstruction status. This general equivalence may suggest that orbital reconstruction is not a necessity in these cases or that the decision to reconstruct was well-selected by surgeons in the reported cases included in this systematic review.

简介：摘 要：2015年暴风股票直接以32个涨停板的神话将其市值拉到了视频播放行业的前端。然而好景不长，2019年，版权收购的失败以及其内幕曝光给了暴风集团最后一击。本文以暴风集团为例，研究其股份突涨暴跌的原因，针对其能否走出困境再登珠峰进行可行性分析，并更深一步透析股市现存的潜在风险及影响股票变化的重要因素。通过研究公司治理结构和商业生态圈的现状，有助于规避内控不合理和市场信息分析不全面所带来的负面影响；其次，对股票市场的变动情况及影响股价变化的因素进行分析有助于上市公司进行合理的决策，且有助于投资者进行更准确的判断；最后通过案例分析可以引发我们对目前的金融市场现状及市场机制的深入思考和反省。