简介：ＩＮＶＡＲＩＡＮＴＭＡＮＩＦＯＬＤＳＡＮＤＴＨＥＩＲＳＴＡＢＩＬＩＴＹＩＮＡＴＨＲＥＥ－ＤＩＭＥＮＳＩＯＮＡＬＭＥＡＳＵＲＥ－ＰＲＥＳＥＲＶＩＮＧＭＡＰＰＩＮＧＳＹＳＴＥＭＳＬｉｕＪｉｅ（刘杰）（ＲｅｃｅｉｖｅｄＤｅｃ．１．１９９４；Ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃ...

简介：情态谓词是一类表达意愿、意图、能力、可能性、必要性等情态意义的谓词。在莎士比亚戏剧中，情态谓词不仅出现频率高，而且用法灵活。在莎士比亚戏剧的汉译本中，情态谓词的翻译问题主要是误译和漏译。本文以莎剧MeasuforMeasuFe中的will为研究对象，首先考察该词的意义和用法。然后对比分析朱生豪、梁实秋、方平、英若诚、彭镜禧在该词翻译上的异同。研究发现，will在MeasuForMeasure中一共出现了154例，包含6个义项，即“意图”“意愿”“能力”“命令”“推测”“将来”。彭镜禧和梁实秋在will的翻译策略上倾向于“形式对等”，而英若诚、方平和朱生豪在will的翻译策略上倾向于“动态对等”。

简介：InthisissueoftheJournalofBionicsEngineeringwestartsomethingwhichisnovelinacademicpublicationbutwhichisnotatalluncommoninotherserialpublications.Wepresent,inaseriesofsevenchapters,abookontheinterrelationsbetweenbiologyandengineering.Itisnotahandbookofbionics(thoughthatmightfollow)butaseriesofessaysthatwillbridgethegapbetweenbiologyandengineering.Wehopeyouwillfindthementertainingandinformative,andthattheywillreinforceandreviseareasofyourknowledge,nomatterwhatyourentrypointintothissubject.

简介：ClassesarethebasicmodulesinObject-Oriented(OO)software,whichconsistofattributesandmethods.Thus,inOOenvironment,thecohesionismainlyabouthowtightlytheattributesandmethodsofclassescoherewitheachother.Thisletterdiscussestherelationshipsbetweenattributesandattributes,attributesandmethods,methodsandmethodsofaclass,andthepropertiesoftheserelationships.Basedontheseproperties,theletterproposesanewframeworktomeasurethecohesionofaclass.Theapproachovercomesthelimitationsofpreviousclasscohesionmeasures,whichconsideronlyoneortwoofthethreerelationshipsinaclass.

简介：Theaimofthispaperistodevelopanorderedweighteddistance(OWD)measure,whichisthegeneralizationofsomewidelyuseddistancemeasures,includingthenormalizedHammingdistance,thenormalizedEuclideandistance,thenormalizedgeometricdistance,themaxdistance,themediandistanceandthemindistance,etc.Moreover,theorderedweightedaveragingoperator,thegeneralizedorderedweightedaggregationoperator,theorderedweightedgeometricoperator,theaveragingoperator,thegeometricmeanoperator,theorderedweightedsquarerootoperator,thesquarerootoperator,themaxoperator,themedianoperatorandtheminoperatorarealsothespecialcasesoftheOWDmeasure.SomemethodsdependingontheinputargumentsaregiventodeterminetheweightsassociatedwiththeOWDmeasure.TheprominentcharacteristicoftheOWDmeasureisthatitcanrelieve(orintensify)theinfluenceofundulylargeorundulysmalldeviationsontheaggregationresultsbyassigningthemlow(orhigh)weights.ThisdesirablecharacteristicmakestheOWDmeasureverysuitabletobeusedinmanyactualfields,includinggroupdecisionmaking,medicaldiagnosis,datamining,andpatternrecognition,etc.Finally,basedontheOWDmeasure,wedevelopagroupdecisionmakingapproach,andillustrateitwithanumericalexample.

简介：Weestablishtheconceptofshapesoffunctionsbyusingpartialdifferentialinequalites.Ourdefinitionaboutshapesincludessomeusualshapessuchasconvex,subharmonic,etc.,andgivesmanynewshapesoffunctions.Themainresultsshowthattheshapepreservingapproxi-mationhascloserelationtotheshapepreservingextension.Oneofourmainresultsshowsthatiff∈C（Ω）hassomeshapedefinedbyourdefinition,thenfcanbeuniformlyapproximatedbypolynomialsPn∈pn（n∈N）whichhavethesameshapeinΩ,andthedegreeoftheap-proximationisCω(f,n-β)withconstantsC,β>0.

简介：让F是有|F的一块地|≥3，李·平·胡昂电子邮件：lipingmath@sohu.com全文预览(小，大)[3]。苍白，Z.X.：重游的矩阵的几何学，代数学和组合数学，一个国际国会，ICAC'97，香港，由K.P编辑了。Shum等，Springer-Verlag，新加坡，1999，477486[4]。黄，L.P.：在任何部门上的hermitian矩阵的毗邻保存bijection地图与复杂物响。ActaMathematicaSinica，英语系列，23(1)，95102(2007)[5]。黄，W.L.，Höfer，R.，苍白，Z.X.：毗邻保存地图砰对称并且hermitian矩阵。Aequations数学，67(12)，132139(2004)[6]。黄，W.L.，苍白，Z.X.：矩形的矩阵的毗邻保存地图砰。Beiträgezur代数学undGeometrie，45(2)，435446(2004)[7]。黄，L.P.：在戒指上的矩阵的几何学，科学出版社，北京，2006[8]。Šemrl，P.：在Hua矩形的矩阵的几何学的基本定理上。J。代数学，248，366380(2002)[9]。Cao，C.G.，黄，L.P.，唐，X.M.：保存在交替的矩阵上的等级2的添加剂地图。Afr。向国外散居J。数学，3(2)，107113(2005)[10]。你，H.，唐，X.M.：在对称、交替的矩阵的空格的等级添加的添加剂preservers。线性代数学Appl，380，185198(2004)[11]。张，X.：在在域和应用程序上的交替的矩阵空格的等级的添加剂preservers。线性代数学Appl，397(1)，325343(2005)[12]。张，X.：在在地上的交替的矩阵的空格的等级2的Linear/additivepreservers。线性代数学Appl，396(1)，91102(2005)[13]。Havlicek，H.，Šemrl，P.：从几何学到invertibilitypreservers。Studia数学，174，99109(2006)

简介：在量信息处理，在吵闹的环境保护qubits的连贯是重要的。动态去耦(DD)它使用一个序列在qubits上扭动并且平均联合到零的qubit环境，是有另外的需要的功能的有希望的策略兼容机，例如量门。这里，我们在动态去耦和试验性的示范的理论考察最近的进步。我们由于联合到吵闹的环境给半古典作品和对qubit的量描述decoherence。基于量图画，DD的几何解释被介绍。周期的Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-GillDD和并置的DD被考察，由最近发达的UhrigDD的详细探索列在后面，它采用脉搏的最少的数字在一不相等地压制联合到进化时间的一个给定的命令的qubit环境的spaced顺序。一些新开发和观点也被讨论。

简介：LetPnbetheclassofpolynomialsofdegreeatmostnRatherandShah[15]provedthatifP∈PnandP(z)≠0in|z|<1,thenforeveryR>0and0≤q<∞,|B[P(Rz)]|q≤|RnB[zn]+λ0|q|1+zn|q|P(z)|q,whereBisaBn-operator.Inthispaper,weprovesomegeneralizationofthisresultwhichinparticularyieldssomeknownpolynomialinequalitiesasspecialWealsoconsideranoperatorDαwhichmapsapolynomialP(z)intoDαP(z):=nP(z)+(α-z)P′(z)andobtainextensionsandgeneralizationsofanumberofwell-knownLqinequalities

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简介：TheNeighborhoodPreservingEmbedding(NPE)algorithmisrecentlyproposedasanewdimensionalityreductionmethod.However,itisconfinedtolineartransformsinthedataspace.Forthis,basedontheNPEalgorithm,anewnonlineardimensionalityreductionmethodisproposed,whichcanpreservethelocalstructuresofthedatainthefeaturespace.First,combinedwiththeMercerkernel,thesolutiontotheweightmatrixinthefeaturespaceisgottenandthenthecorrespondingeigenvalueproblemoftheKernelNPE(KNPE)methodisdeduced.Finally,theKNPEalgorithmisresolvedthroughatransformedoptimizationproblemandQRdecomposition.Theexperimentalresultsonthreereal-worlddatasetsshowthatthenewmethodisbetterthanNPE,KernelPCA(KPCA)andKernelLDA(KLDA)inperformance.

简介：Doyouknowthatevery14daysalanguagedies？Throughouthumanhistory,thelanguagesofpowerfulgroupshavespreadwhilethelanguagesofsmallercultureshavebecomeextinct.Asbiglanguagesspread,childrenwhoseparentsspeakasmalllanguageoftengrowuplearningthedominantlanguage.

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简介：<正>WegiveseveralequivalencesofBlochfunctionsandlittleBlochfunetions.UsingtheseresultsweobtainthegeneralizedCarlesonmeasurecharacterizationofBlochfunctionsandthegeneralizedvanishingCarlesonmeasurecharacterizationoflittleBlochfunctions,thatis,f∈Bifandonlyif|Dβf（z）|p（1-|z|2）βp-1dm（z）isageneralizedCarlesonmeasure;f∈B0ifandonlyif|Dβf（z）|p（1-|z|2）βp-1dm（z）isageneralizedvanishingCarlesonmeasure,whereDβf（β>0）isthefractionalderivativeofanalyticfunctionfoforderβ,mdenotesthenormalisedLebesguemeasure.

简介：Aprecisetwo-degree-of-freedommeasuringsystem(2DMS)isdevelopedbasedonsingle-modeopticalfiber,LD,cubecornerretroreflectorandfour-quadrantphotodetector(4-Q),andthesimultaneouson-linemeasurementoflateralandverticaldirectionstraightnesserrorsofthelinearstageiscarriedout.Themovingpartiswireless,whicheliminatesanyerrorsintroducedbypushingandpullingthewires.Thesensitivityofthestraightnesserrormeasurementcanbeimprovedbyafactorof2withthecubecornerretroreflector.Thisfiber-basedopticallyalignedbeamisusedtoestablishareferencelineforthestraightnessmeasurementofanymechanicalsystem.4-Qdetectorisusedtoreceivethelaserbeam.Achipmicrocomputerisdevelopedtoconductalldataacquisitionandsignalprocessing.Thebeamdriftinfluencecanberemovedinthegreatestextentfromthesystem.Theexperimentsonthemeasurementsystemstability,repeatabilityanditscomparisonwiththeHP5528double-frequencylaserinterferometerarecarriedout.

简介：隐私是在电子投票的一个重要问题。在电子投票的完整的隐私的概念第一被建议，不是仅仅选民的隐私被担心，而且候选人的。没有任何信任第三方，保存电子选举建筑学的隐私被介绍，为k-out-of-m选举的一种一般技术也基于分布式的ElGamal加密和混合火柴被提供。没有揭示他们的愿望和输的候选人的投票，选民能自己计算结果。而且，获胜者候选人的投票是否多于一半，能直接被验证。这个计划满足投票并且去模式并且完成完整的隐私。正确性和安全也被分析。

简介：Vehielesenlistedwitheomputing,sensingandcommunicatingdevicescancreatevehicularnetworks,asubsetofcooperativesystemsinheterogeneousenvironments,aimingatimprovingsafetyandentertainmentintraffic.Invehicularnetworks,avehicle’sidentityisassociatedtoitsowner’sidentityasauniquelinkage.Therefore,itisofimportancetoprotectprivacyofvehiclesfrombeingpossiblytracked.Obviously,theprivacyprotectionmustbescalablebecauseofthehighmobilityandlargepopulationofvehicles.Inthiswork,wetakeanon-trivialsteptowardsprotectingprivacyofvehicles.Asprivacydrawspublicconcerns,wefirstlypresentprivacyimplicationsofoperationalchallengesfromthepublicpolicyperspective.Additionally,weenvisionvehicularnetworksasgeographicallypartitionedsubnetworks(cells).Eachsubnetworkmaintainsalistofpseudonyms.Eachpseudonymincludesthecell’sgeographicidandarandomnumberashostid.Beforestartingcommunication,vehiclesneedtorequestapseudonymondemandfrompseudonymserver.Inordertoimproveutilizationofpseudonyms,weaddressastochasticmodelwithtime-varyingarrivalanddeparturerates.Ourmaincontributionincludes:1)proposingascalableandeffectivealgorithmtoprotectprivacy;2)providinganalyticalresultsofprobability,varianceandexpectednumberofrequestsonpseudonymservers.Theempiricalresultsconfirmtheaccuracyofouranalyticalpredictions.

简介：Inthispaper,wediscusstherank-l-preservinglinearmapsonnestalgebrasofHilbertspaceoperators.WeobtainseveralcharacterizationsofsuchlinearmapsandapplythemtoshowthataweaklycontinuouslinearhijectiononanatomicnestalgebraisidempotentpreservingifandonlyifitisaJordanhomomorphism,andinturn,ifandonlyifitisanautomorphismorananti-automorphism.

简介：Westudystructure-preservingalgorithmstophasespacevolumeforlineardynamicalsystemsy=Lyforwhicharbitrarilyhighorderexplicitsymmetricstructure-preservingschemes,i.e.thenumericalsolutionsgeneratedbytheschemessatisfydet()=ehtrL,wheretrListhetraceofmatrixL,canbeconstructed.Fornonlineardynamicalsystemsy=f(y)Feng-Shangfirst-ordervolume-preservingschemecanbealsoconstructedstartingfrommodifiedθ-methodsandisshownthattheschemeisstructure-preservingtophasespacevolume.