简介:ByadoptingtheAECIIndexMethodproposedbytheauthorandusingmethodofpopulationsimulation,thispaperanalyzesquantitativelythetrend,intensityandregulationoftheeconomicpressureofpopulationageinginChina,andcomparesChinawithothercountries.Itdrawsthefollowingconclusions:(1)Chinawillfacegreateconomicpressureduetopopulationageinginthefirsthalfofthiscentury.Accordingtothemediumprojection,thepressurewillincreasemostrapidlyduringtheperiodfromthemiddleof2020stotheendof2030s,andreachitspeakaround2040whentheintensityofthepressuremayquadruplethatin2010.(2)ThegreateconomicpressureofpopulationageingmayremarkablyreduceChina'sdevelopmentmomentum.(3)Toeasethepressure,weshouldrelymainlyoneconomicmeasures,supplementedbypopulationcontrolmeasures.(4)TograduallyliberalizetheprevailingbirthcontrolpolicyonthepremiseofstickingtothestatepolicyoffamilyplanningisarationalapproachtoregulatetheeconomicpressureofpopulationageinginChina.Ontheonehand,thiscaneasethepossibleeconomicpressureofageinginthefuture,andontheotherhand,itcancontrolthepressureofpopulationsizewithinanendurablelimit.
简介:Buildingenergyefficiencyisalong-termstrategytoachievesustainabledevelopment,buttheinconsistenciesofmaininterestsduringtheimplementationleadtotheneedforgovernmentregulationinbuildingenergyconservation.Implementationofbuildingenergyefficiencyofgovernmentregulationcoversthreeaspectsofconstructionandinvolvesrelevantparticipators,sothepaperanalyzesinterestsandrolesoftherelatedsubjectsinbuildingenergysaving,explorethemotivationsanditsconversionmechanismofeachplayer,anddissectthegamerelationshipofassociatedearningsofdevelopers’andconsumers’behaviorsselectionundergovernmentcontrol.Finally,thepaperproposesbasicrequirementsofbuildingincentivepoliciesforrelatedsubjectsundergovernmentcontroltoregulatethemainbehaviorsofsubjectsinbuildingenergyefficientbuildingsandachieveenergyefficiencygoalsandbalanceofallparties’benefits.
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简介:Thispaperstudiesaservicefirmwhosebusinesstimecanbedividedintoseveralperiods,eachprovidingdifferentvaluetocustomers.Heterogeneousserviceisamajorreasonresultinginimbalancesbetweensupplyanddemand.Sincecustomersdifferintheirdegreeofimpatience,firmscanusedifferentialpricingmechanismstooptimizetheirobjectivesandmatchsupplywithdemandineachperiod,byinducingcustomerstochoosedifferentperiods.Westudytwotypesoffirms,aninternalfirm,theobjectiveofwhichistomaximizethesystem′s(includingthefirmandallthecustomers)totalnetvalue,andacommercialfirm,whichaimstooptimizeitsownprofit.Thoughimpatiencefactorsarecustomers′privateinformation,foreachtypeoffirm,wederivetheoptimalincentivecompatiblepricingpolicy,underwhichallthecomingcustomerswillfollowthefirm′sassignment,thatis,patientcustomerswillbuytheserviceinhigh-valueperiods,buttheirwaitingtimewillbelonger,whileimpatientcustomerswillenterintothelow-valueperiods,buttheywillbecompensatedbyshorterwaitingtimes.Furthermore,intheinternalfirm,wealsoprovethatthismechanismenablesthedecentralizationofdecisions,whilemaintainingcentralizedsystem-wideoptimality.Numericalanalysisshowsthatwhenthereissufficientcapacity,theinternalfirmdoesnotalwaysneedtosetlowerpricesthanthecommercialfirmineveryperiod.
简介:Inflammasomes是由响应病原体暴露或细胞的损坏便于煽动性的cytokines的版本调整天生的有免疫力的反应的多蛋白质建筑群。支持inflammatoryinflammasome发信号是重要的招待防卫,帮助开始跟随侮辱到主机,而是罐头的织物修理的进程有害,当过多或长期时。因此,inflammasome活动紧被调整。这里,我们讨论inflammasome规定的一批评机制,ubiquitination,那作为蛋白质稳定性和trafficking的一个通用调节的人工作。最近的研究由蛋白质ubiquitination提供了重要卓见进inflammasome激活的规定。明确地,当它联系到ubiquitination,我们考察inflammasome功能的分子的规定,并且讨论含意让治疗学的发展明确地指向异常inflammasome发信号。
简介:Standingwavesareformedduetothereflectionwhenwavesmeetverticalwall,thereforestrongstructuresareneededtokeepthewallstabilityundertheseriouswaveattack.Fortheimprovementoftheworkingconditionandincreaseofthestabilityofthewall,thelowerreflectingbreakwatershaveat-tractedcloseattentionReportsmostlyfromJapaneseresearchersareoftenconcernedwiththewallofcaissonequippedwithopenwindows.Inthispaperakindofhollow-pipeperforatedbreakwaterisexam-inedwhichwavesmaypartiallyperforateintotheharbourbasin.Thewaveinfrontofthewallcanonlyformpartialstandingwaveandwaveforceisreducedobviously.Andthetheoreticalcalculationofwaveforceandanalysisofwaveforcespectrumareallderived.Comparisonbetweentheresultsfromtheoreticalcalculationandhydraulicmodelingshowsreasonableagreement.