简介：FromtheUSNewEnergyPlan,personnelappointment,anddiplomaticactivities,etc.,wecanseethatUSisnowonthewaytoreturningtothenegotiationtableandundertakingtheleadershipinaddressingclimatechange.WhatUShasdoneputstremendouschallengesonChina,whichemitslargeamountofgreenhousegasintotheatmosphere.However,differentfromUS,Chinaisundergoingrapiddevelopment,andhugeenergyconsumptionisunavoidable.Chinahastomakeabalancebetweendevelopingeconomyandaddressingclimatechange.ThispaperfocusesontheUSclimatechangepoliciesanditsgreenhousegasemissions,anditsinfluencesonChinaclimatechangepolicy.ChinagreenhousegasemissionsandrelativepoliciesarealsoanalyzedtoseewhatsituationChinaisin,andwhatchallengesthatChinaisfacing.Consequently,combingChina'slocalsituation,weproposeseveralsolutionsforChinatoaddressclimatechange,i.e.movingtowardsalowcarboneconomy,strugglingforemittingmore,enhancingChina-UScooperation,andimplementingdifferentclimatechangepoliciesbasedonlocalsituation.Meanwhile,theachievementsthatChinahasmadearealsointroduced.

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简介：Thepresentpaperemploystechniqueofgeographicalweightedregression(GWR)tomakeanempiricalstudyofChina'sR&Dknowledgespilloversatcitylevel.Conventionalregressionanalysiscanonlyproduce'aver-age'and'global'parameterestimatesratherthan'local'parameterestimateswhichvaryoverspaceinsomespatialsystems.Geographicallyweightedregression(GWR),ontheotherhand,isasimplebutusefulnewtechniquefortheanalysisofspatialnonstationarity.ResultsshowthatthereisasigniicantdifferencebetweenOLSandGWRinestimatingtheparametersofR&Dknowledgeproduction,andthattherelationshipsbetweenlevelofregionalinnovationactivitiesandvariousfactorsshowconsiderablespatialvariability.

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简介：Recentlythebehaviorofhumanhasresultedinthedeteriorationofglobalecologicalenvironment,andglobalwarmingandenvironmentalpollutionhavecausedtheoccurrenceofextremeeventsfrequently.Ifwerepeattherecklessenvironmentaloverkill,civilizationwillenteraviciouscircleofdeclineandloseeventhestrengthandvitalitytoliveinharmonywiththeenvironment.Atpresent,Chinaisinaspecialperiodofrapideconomicdevelopment.Someenterprisesfocusonshort-termprofitsanddon'tformulatelong-termstrategies.Forexample,withtherapidexpansionofthesteelindustry,someseriousproblemshaveemerged.Basedonprinciplesofindustrialecologyandtheconceptofcirculareconomy,todevelopanewdevelopmentmodel,takinganewroadtoindustrializationisverynecessary.Re-examiningthecurrentsteelenterprises,thispaperproposesthenewmethodsoftheintegrationofmaterial,energyintegration,watersystemintegrationandsharingofinformationandfacilities.Throughecologicalizationoftechnology,system,andindustrialstructureandproductstructureadjustment,theeco-transformationofthemodernsteelindustrywillbegraduallyachievedinChina.

简介：Atpresentabout60%ofecosystemhasbeendamagedanddegradedseverely,resultinginenormousecologicallossglobally.Theessentialcauseistheirrationalutilizationofecosystembyhumankind,soitisthekeytochangingimproperenvironmentalperformanceofhumankindsoastopreventecosystemfrombeingdamaged.Thequantitativevaluationonthelossofecologicaldamageisaneffectivetooltoguidehumanecoenvironmentalperformance.Inthispaper,theconceptsrelatedtothevaluationonecologicaldamagecostareintroduced;uncertaintiesthatmightariseinthevaluationonthelossofecologicaldamagesuchasareacoverageofvaluation,ecologicaldamagequantity,bordersofecologicaldamagecostanddatasupportareanalyzed;andthevaluationapproachesforthelossofecologicaldamagearealsodiscussed.Asacasestudy,theeconomiclossesofecologicaldamageofforestin2005inChinaarevaluated.

简介：Mountainousregionsfaceaseriesofconflictsbetweenthenaturalresourcesconservationandtheeconomicdevelopment,especiallyinprotectedareas,wherearethehometosomeofthepoorestpeopleintheworld.InChina,theProtectedAreasAuthorities(suchasProtectedAreasAuthoritiesofWuyiMountain)transferredthemountainouspeopleoutoftheprotectedareas.Wefoundthatitisnotagoodapproachofimmigrationproject,asfaraseconomicandecologicaleffectisconcerned.Althoughremoteandmajesticbeautyattractedmanytourists,masstourismisnotagoodapproachtosolvethedevelopmentprobleminmountainousareasbecauseitcannotprovideenoughopportunitiestomakelocalpeopleliveacomfortablelife,andthehighvolumeoftouristsindicatesthattheresourcesfacesignificantthreats.Becausemanylandscapesarerunbyprivateenterprises,localresidentsandgov-ernmentonlygetlimitedbenefits.Althoughecotourismprinciplesexpatiateoneconomicdevelopmentandresourcesconservation,localpeopleincomeandtouristsfeelings,ithasdiscordancebetweenthetheoryandthepractice.Therefore,thetermof'integratedecotourism'wascoinedinthepaperbasedontheecotourismtheory.Integratedecotourismmeansabroadlytourismresourcesandpendulumspatialpatternwhichwillcomeintobeingwiththemovementoflocalpeopleandtouristsfromprotectedareastothenearbytownorcity;anditalsotriestosolvethepropertyrightconflictofmountainlandbetweenthelocalpeopleandtheprivateenterprisesaccordingtopropertyrighttheory.

简介：Takingatypicalactiveexport-orientedregionZhejiangasanexample,thispapertriestoevaluateitsCoordinatedDevelopmentDegree(CDD)form1997,focusingonthecharacteristicsofitsexport-orientedeconomyandregionalenvironment.TheresultsshowthatZhejiang'sCDDhaskeptincreasingsteadilyafteritsslightdropin1998.Finally,fourmeasurementsareproposedtopromotesustainabledevelopment,includingincreasingandequalizingregion'senvironmentalinvestment,changingpollution-intensiveexportstructuretoavoidrestrictingthewholeindustrialstructure,restrictingsimplespatialtranslocationofhigh-materialconsumption,high-energyconsumptionandhigh-pollutionindustries,etc.

简介：SPSS13.0wasusedtoprocessthedataofthe1-6batchofkeyculturalrelicconservationunitspromulgatedbytheStateAdministrationofCulturalHeritageofChina;andmulti-elementevaluationmethodwasusedtocalculatethecompositedistributionindex.ThespatialdistributionofculturalrelicsofprovincesinChinacanbedividedintofourgrades,namely:veryrichareas,richareas,poorareasandverypoorareas;thearticleanalyzesthecharacteristicsofculturalresourcesinspatialandtemporaldistribution.Thepaperholdsthat(1)thedistributionofChina'sculturalrelictourismresourcesisrelativelyconcentrated,differentsharplyfromregiontoregion,withmoreHannation'sheritage,lessrelicsoftheethnicminorities;(2)Henan,Hebei,Shaanxi,ShanxiProvincearethemainregionswithheavydistributionofculturalresources;(3)relicsappearedinspecifictimeperiodsinChina'shistory.MingandQingDynasties,Sui,TangandFiveDynasties,Song,LiaoandJin,theWesternHan,ShangandZhoudynasties,theNewStoneAgearethemajorperiodsproducingmoreculturalrelics.Thispaperalsoanalyzesrelationshipsoftheemergenceofculturalrelicswithproductiontechnology,specifichistoricalprocess,specificgeographicallocation,politicalsystem,religion,nationalculture,customs,architecturalstylesandtechniquesofthetraditionalculturaleducationalsystem.Finally,thepaperdiscussesthedevelopmentandprotectionofheritage.

简介：Itisasharedopinionthatsustainabledevelopmentrequiresasystemdiscontinuity,meaningthatradicalchangesinthewayweproduceandconsumeareneeded.Withinthisframeworkthereisanemergingunderstandingthatanimportantcontributiontothischangecanbedirectlylinkedtodecisionstakeninthedesignphaseofproducts,servicesandsystems.DesignschoolshavethereforetobeabletoprovidedesignstudentswithabroadknowledgeandeffectiveDesignforSustainabilitytools,inordertoenableanewgenerationofdesignersinplayinganactiveroleinre-orientingourconsumptionandproductionpatterns.ThispaperpresentstheintermediateresultsoftheLeNSChina,theLearningNetworkonSustainabilityofChinesedesignHigherEducationInstitutionsaimingatcurriculadevelopmentonDesignforSustainability.TheprojectisaregenerationoftheLeNSAsian-Europeanmulti-polarnetworkprojectfinancedbytheEuropeanCommission.LeNSChinaistakinginconsiderationthelocalneeds,interestsandopportunitiescouldrepresentasignificantenablingplatformcapabletosensitise,supportandempoweranewgenerationofChinesedesigneducators,designersandentrepreneurstoreachdesignpracticethroughoutanopencollaborativelearningapproach.ThepaperwillfirstlyintroducetheLeNSprojectanditsethos,andthentheLeNSChinanetworkwillbedescribedintermsofthestateoftheartofdesignforsustainabilityanditseducationinChina,thescopeandtheobjective,theresultsachievedsofarandthenextsteps.

简介：CoptischinensisisamedicinalherbusedintraditionalChinesemedicine.ThisresearchfeaturesacasestudyinShizhuCounty,China.ParticipatoryRuralAppraisal(PRA)isusedasthemaintoolfordatacollection.ThestudydemonstratesthatthecurrentmethodofCoptisplantingleadstoforestdestruction.Evenwithreforestationmeasures,itleadstothelossofbiodiversityintheforest.ItalsoshowsthatfarmerscannotgetsatisfactoryeconomicreturnsfromCoptisplanting,asthereturnisunstableandunpredictable.OnealternativetothecurrentCoptisplantingmodeistoincorporateitintotheagroforestrysystem.WatershieldplantingalsoservesasagoodalternativetoCoptisplantingitself.Improvedmethodsofmanagement,post-harvestprocessing,andmarketingofCoptisarealsoproposedandanalyzed.Theintendedcontributionofthispapertothetheoreticaldebateofsustainabilityshallbetheprovisionofanexampleshowinghowagriculturalproductionaffectsforestconservation.Italsopresentsredressablemeasurestothenegativeconsequences.Besides,onealternativelivelihoodpathwayfortheruralcommunityinthiscasestudyissuggested.

简介：ThisstudytakesGannanTibetanAutonomousPrefectureastheplaceofcasestudyandtouristsasresearchobjects.Fromtheperspectivesofgeographicaldistributionofsourcetouristmarkets,TouristactivitybehavioralandspatialpatternsofTourists,thisstudylooksintothegeographicalstructureofthesourcetouristsandspatialpatternsbygeography.Theanalysisof341questionnairesontouristsshowsthat:(1)ThetourismcycleofGannanisinthedevelopmentphase,competingwithadjacentAba,andgreatlyimpactedbythesubstitutioneffectandshadoweffectofAba.(2)Thespatialdistributionoftouristsourcesisconcentrated,indicatingthatGannanisaregionaltourismdestination.Thetemporaldistanceoftouristsismainlyconcentratedwithinthe6-hourtrafficcircle.(3)GannanTibetanAutonomousPrefecturehasalreadybecomethecompositetouristdestinationdominatedbyleisurevacation.Theminorityfolkcustomandspeciallandscapearethemostattractivetourismresources.Duetotheimpactofman-landharmoniouslifestyleinthetouristareas,theenvironmentalattitudeoftouristsisimproved,andthetransportationandshoppingarethemostvulnerablelinksintourismserviceinGannanTibetanAutonomousPrefecture.(4)ThespatialbehavioroftouristsinGannanismainlyofsingle-destinationstyle(52%),Transitlegandcircletourstyle(7%)aswellascircletourstyle(41%).ThespatialdistributionoftouristflowinGannanshowsasignificantfeature"moreinthenorth,lessinthesouthanddependentonNationalRoad".Tourismresources,transportfacilities,regionalcompetitionandlackofrouteconnectingdifferentecologicalunitsareimportantcausesofthespatialdistributionofself-helptourists.

简介：Inrecentyears,moreandmoreconflictshaveemergedinthemanagementofnaturereserves,ofwhichthemainproblemisthathowtocarryoutthecampaignofconservationalongwiththepromotionofdevelopmentoflocaleconomics.ToresolvetheactualprobleminNanjishanNationalWetlandNatureReserveandexploretheidiographicmethodofthemanagementofthewetlandreserve,somestudyingmethodsincludingface-to-faceinterviews,informaldiscussionwithlocalleadersandofficials,groupdiscussionwithlocalfishers,questionnaire,andjoboftheconversationstationhavebeencarriedout.Theresultsshowthattheeducationlevelofthelocalpeopleislow;only5%ofthelocalpeoplehaveanopportunitytothejuniorcollege;themainincomeofthelocalpeopleisfishing,whichaccountsfor70%moreorless;andtheincomeiscomingdownyearbyyearbecauseoftheunreasonablewayoffishing.Tocopewiththeproblems,somereformativewayofmanagementandthedevelopmentofthereserveareintroduced,suchasestablishinganNOGthatconstitutesoflocalfishermentoachievethegoalofcommunityco-management,developingBedandBreakfastandsoon.Throughpracticeofthemanagementoftheparticipationofthelocalpeople,wedrawtheconclusionthatthelocalpeoplehaveagreatdesiretoimprovetheirlifelevel,andtomaketheco-managementofthereserveeasy,itisimportantforthemanagerstoplaytheroleofpilotincludingengraftingthenewideas,givingsomesubsidytoencouragethelocalpeopletotakepartinthemanagement.Inaddition,makinglocalpeopleperceivevalueofthereserveandthecloserelationbetweenreserveconservationandthepromotionofleveloftheirlife.Onthisbasis,theyinclinetotakepartinthemanagementofthereserve.

简介：Thepaperassessestheeconomicimpactsofthenaturalforestprotectionprogram(NFPP)ontheeconomyofYunnanProvince,China,intermsofgrossoutput,valueadded,employment,andhouseholdincome.Aninput-outputmodelisdevelopedtoestimateNFPP'seconomicimpactsbymeansofbackwardlinkagesintheforestrysectorandloggingandhaulagesector.ItisfoundthattheNFPPhaspositiveimpactsongrossoutput,valueaddedandhouseholdincomeintheinitialyear,buthassignificantlynegativeimpactsontheregionaleconomyinthefollowingyearsastheinvestmentdecreases.

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简介：TheissueofgrainsecurityinChinaisattractingglobalattention.Inthisresearch,weanalyzetherelationshipbetweengrainproductionandcroplandresources.Theresultsindicatethatdecouplingofthesetwovariablesisrealizedatthenationallevel,andfertilizerandirrigationplayincreasinglyimportantrolesingrainproduction.Ofthe18principalgrainproducingprovinces,sevenshowedabsolutedecoupling,threeshowedrelativedecoupling,fiveshowedquasi-relativedecoupling,andthreeprovincesshowedcoupling.Also,therelativeimportanceoffertilizerandirrigationingrainproductionisdifferentamongthefourdifferentmodesofcoupling/decoupling.

简介：LowCarbonEmploymentisaninevitablechoiceforthepurposeof'energysavingandemissionreduction'and'promotingemployment'.ByMultivariableLinearBackwardRegressionmethod,thisstudypresentsanempiricalanalysisoftheemploymentimpactofpolicyvariablesindexesthatinvolveseconomicpull,industryupgrading,populationdevelopment,technicalinputsandsoon.Thepaperdemonstratesthatwiderangeoffactorswillaffectlowcarbonemployment,thatindustryupgradingwillaffectlowcarbonemploymentremarkably,thattoincreaseyearsofpeopleeducationwillnotablyimprovelowcarbonemploymentlevelofsecondaryvocational-technicallabor,andthattoraisetechnicalinputswillsignificantlyenhancecollegestudents'lowcarbonemployment.