简介：

简介：

简介：LandusechangesoccurringinChinaduringthetimeperiodofrapideconomicdevelopmentarelinkedtothedegradationofwaterqualityinstreamsandlakes.ThispaperexaminestheselinkagesintheDianchiLakewatershedinYunnaninsouthwestChinabasedonatwenty-yeardatasetfrom1988to2008.Pearsoncorrelationanalysisandsimplelinearregressionanalysisareemployedtoexploretherelationshipsbetweenlandusechangeandwaterqualityoftwosub-basins,theCaohaiLakebasinandtheWaihaiLakebasin,withintheDianchiLakewatershed.LandusecategoriesmorestronglycorrelatetowaterqualityintheCaohaiLakebasinthanthatintheWaihaiLakebasin.Thedifferentstructureoflandusecategories,spatialdistributionoflandcover,andscalesofbufferzonescouldbethefactorsresultinginthedissimilaritiesbetweenthesetwolakes.TheresearchcanprovidevaluableinsightsforpolicymakersintolandusemanagementinordertocurbfurtherwaterdegradationinDianchiLake.

简介：近年来，中国市场经济的迅猛发展已经使西方营销学的一些成果面临着无法应用的窘境。如在市场细分领域．美国VALS2模型与我国现实情况之间存在严重的不适应性，而我国无论在理论还是实证方面，对此领域的研究基本上还是一片空白。本文以中国消费者的生活形态研究为中心，借鉴西方研究成果。就消费者的分群、价值观、生活形态及社会分层等市场细分相关理论及应用进行了深入探索．构建了中国独特的系统范式，提出了五项新的理论观点，即：中国消费者14大族群、七点文化元素、中国社会心理结构的三层结论（安全＼认同＼事业）、China—Vbls模型及应用性价值观。本文的研究成果是基于对全国30个城市的70，684位被访者进行调查的结果（2001年）。调查抽样采用分层二阶段抽样进行，按15．64岁成年人口密度分配样本，分层与系统抽样相结合的方法。问卷信度系数为0．90，从33项成功测试语句中得出11个因子（累积贡献度为61．38％）．聚类分析得出的14大族群平均判别正确率为93．7％。

简介：UsingtheThreeRiversHeadwatersAreainChinaasapilotproject,thisstudyhasinvestigatedtheeffectivenessoftheecologicalcompensationpoliciesandpracticeshaveimplementedinthisareaoverthepastdecade.Majorissueshaveencounteredduringtheimplementationprocess,includingtheformidableextentofgrasslanddegradation,thecomprehensivenatureofmeasuresneededtorestoretheecosystem,andthetimeneededtoachievethesegoals.Theseissuesarediscussed,andremedialmeasuresproposed.Theyinclude:draftingregulationsgivingtheThreeRiversHeadwatersAreaecologicalprotection,settingasidefundsforecologicalcompensationandestablishinganationalpark,usinganecologicalassetsaccountingmethodologyforfinancialreportingpurposes,designingascience-basedapproachforconductingthelivestockhusbandrypopulationmigration,enhancingtheoversightcapacityforallaspectsoftheecologicalcompensationprocess,andmakinganoverallplantopromotetheharmoniousdevelopmentofthisareatogetherwithotherregionsinQinghaiProvince.

简介：ToanalyzeChina'sfluctuatingsituationofthefactorinputandaggregativeproductivityisnotonlythemainmethodtoseekthesourceoftheeconomicgrowthbutalsothemainwaytoweighthelevelofeconomicgrowthquality.Astoeconomicgrowthofacountry,theimprovementoftheproductivityisextremelyimportant.Thegrowthoftheoutputcanberealizedthroughtwokindsofways:increasingthequantityoffactorinputoforimprovingtheeffciencyoftheinputandoutput.Therefore,thelevelofeconomicgrowthquafitydoesnotmainlydependontheamountofinvesTedfactor,buttheimportanceofimprovingtheprodutivitysincePesourcesarerare.Therelativeimprovementofefficiencyinuseoftheinvestedfactormarkstheeconomicgrowingquality.So,inordertounderstandtheeconomicgrowthquafityofChinatosomeextent,itmustanalyzeChinesefactorinputandaggregativeproductivity.Thisisthemaintopicthatthistextwiltbeprobedinto.

简介：2月1日，环境保护部部长周生贤亲切慰问坚守在部机关一线工作的干部职工，代表部党组向同志们致以新春的问候和美好的祝愿。环境保护部党组成员、办公厅主任胡保林等参加了慰问活动。

简介：Non-timberforestproducts(NTFPs)canplayakeyroleinsustainableruraldevelopmentduetotheirabilitytosupportrurallivelihoodswhilecontributingtoenvironmentalobjectives,includingbiodiversityconservation.However,systematicunderstandingoftheirroleandpotentialinconservationanddevelopmentremainsweak.Studieshavepointedtoimportantknowledgegapsthatmayleadtoseriousexploitationandunsustainableuseofthenaturalresource'NTFP'inChina,suchas(1)lackofbasicknowledgeongermplasmandnon-existingorincom-pleteinventory,(2)noin-depthandlong-termmonitoringandinstitutionalarrangementstoascertainsustainableextractionlevels,(3)insufficientmarkettransparencyforcommunities,(4)incompleteknowledgeofNTFPdomesti-cationanditseffectsonproductqualityandpriceandtheconservationofwildsources,and(5)noexistingresearchonthefulllengthofthecommoditychainformajornon-timberforestproductsandthevariousactorsinthechain.ThispaperpresentsinitiativestowardbalancingpovertyreductionandbiodiversityconservationgoalsinChina'sremotemountainregionsthroughthesustainablemanagementofNTFPs.Thepotentialandchallengesoforganic,ecologicalandFairtradecertificationschemesinthecontextofsmallholderfarmersarediscussedinmoredetail.

简介：Toenlargethemiddle-incomegroupandconstructthe'olivary'incomedistributionbecomesoneoftheimportantissuesoftheeconomicdevelopmentandincomedistributionreforminChina.Theincomedistributionfunctionisestimatedwithkerneldensity,andtheincomedistributionM-curveisconstructedwithCHNSandCHIPdatatocalculatethemiddle-incomegroup.Furthermore,acomparativeanalysisiscarriedoutforthechangingtrendofthesizeandproportionofmiddle-incomegroup.Researchconclusion:itisdiscoveredaccordingtotheincomedistributionM-curvethatthekeytotheenlargementofurbanmiddle-incomegroupliesinthelowermiddle-incomegroup,whilethekeytotheenlargementofruralmiddle-incomegroupliesintheimprovementoftheuppermiddle-incomegroup.Therangeofmiddle-incomegroupisexpanding,butduetothesmallscale,lowproportion,andpoorstability,ithasnotdevelopedthe'olivary'incomedistributionstructureyet,andincomeinequalitytendstobedeepened.

简介：

简介：ThisprojectistoevaluatethebenefitsoftheMFNstatusandtheconsequencesofnon-MFNrenewalontradesbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStates.ThispaperalsorevealstheeffectsofquotaremovalonclothingandtextileproductsoninternationaltradesbetweentheUnitedStates,China,HongKong,Taiwan,andIndia.Dataanalyses,statistics,andcharts,thechangesinChina’snumberofexportstotheUnitedStates,inparticular,theapparelandtextilesectorswereselectedtoanalyzefrom1995to2005.

简介：Basedonsystematicalresearchontheconceptionevolutionofecologicalenterprise,theoreticalandpracticaldevelopmentofconstructingecologicalenterprise,thepapermakesconclusionthatecologicalenterprisesaredevelopingintoanewstageinwhichgovernmentsarelaunchingsomepilotprojectsaboutconstructingecologicalenterprises.Andafterthat,governmentsshouldmakepoliciestospreadconstructionofecologicalenterprises,toconstructecologicalenterprisesinlegalsystemandconformingtothestandardassoonaspossibly.5othat,thebasicunitsofecologicaleconomythatfittotheconditionsofChinawillbesetup.

简介：Basedonthespatialeconomytheoryandtheexploratoryspatialdataanalysis(ESDA)technology,thispa-perstudiesthespace-timedynamicsofregionalpercapitaGDPintheYangtzeDelta.Asampleof74regionsintheYangtzeDeltaovertheperiodof1994to2004providesclearevidenceofglobalandlocalspatialautocorrelationaswellasspatialheterogeneityinthedistributionofregionalpercapitaGDP.Thedynamismofregionsisinvestigatedbyexploringthespatialpatternofregionalgrowth,comparedwiththatbefore1997,theeconomicgrowthdisparitiesamongShanghai,ZhejiangandJiangsuprovinceshavedecreased,sohavetheinsideregionsofZhejiangProvince,whileitisoppositetotheinsideregionsofJiangsuProvince.

简介：

简介：Thispaperadoptsthecomprehensiveindexmethodtobuildenvironmentalregulationintensityindex.Basedon"PorterHypothesis",itempiricallyexaminestherelationshipbetweenenvironmentalregulationintensityandregionaltechnologyinnovationusingtheeasternandmid-Chinaregion’sprovincialpaneldatafrom2005to2013andpaneldatamethod.Theresultsshowthat:(1)Intheeasternandcentralregions,therelationshipbetweentheintensityofenvironmentalregulationandtechnologicalinnovationpresentsa"U"shape,and"PorterHypothesis"canbeverified;(2)Theeasternregioncanbreak"U"inflectionpointearlierthanthecentralregion.Therefore,thegovernmentshouldnotonlystrengthentheintensityofenvironmentalregulation,butalsopayattentiontoenvironmentalregulationform,formulatereasonableenvironmentalregulationpolicy,activelyguidetheenterprisestoseekouttechnologyinnovationinordertorealizewin-winsituationofenvironmentalprotectionandeconomicdevelopment.

简介：QingtianCountyofZhejiangProvince,Chinahasmaintainedthetraditionalrice-fishagricultureforabout2,000yearsandformedexceptionalculturalheritagebasedonthiskindofproductionmode,soitwasselectedbyFAOasapilotsitefortherice-fishagriculturalheritagesystemsin2005.ThisresearchhasappliedtheindicatorsofecologicalfootprintandbiocapacitytomonitortheenvironmentalconditionsofQingtianCounty,aimingtofindtheimpactthatthetraditionalagriculturalproductionmodeandthelocalinhabitantslifestylehaveplacedonthelocalenvironmentalconditionsaswellastheroletheyhaveplayedinmaintainingecologicalbalance,culturalinheritanceandregionalsustainabledevelopment.ResultsshowthatQingtianCountyischaracterizedbyanearlybreakeventotalecologicalbalance,asopposedtoZhejiangProvince,theworldandotheragriculturalregions.However,comparedwithanotherrice-fishagriculturalregion,CongjiangCountywhichenjoysaconsiderableecologicalreserve,QingtianCountyhasconsumedagreateramountofenvironmentalresources.Specifically,abouthalfoftheecologicalfootprintofQingtianCountycanbeattributedtothecropland(50.8%)whiletheCO2areaonlyaccountsfor11.2%,whichisdramaticallydifferentfromthatofthemodernindustrializedregions.AndavastofpercentageofenergyiscausedbythecombustionoffuelwoodwhichnotonlyrequiresthelandtoabsorbtheCO2emissionithasgeneratedbutalsooccupiestheforestwhereithasbeenchopped.

简介：Withavastterritory,thespacetimedistributionofwaterresourcesisuneveninChina.Thereisagreatdifferenceinnaturalconditionsandfarmlandmanagementofagriculturalproductionindifferentregions.Thearealdifferentiationofagriculturalproductsvirtualwaterisobvious.Comparisonwiththeagriculturalproductsvirtualwaterfrom1995to2007inChinashowsanincreaseinthefirsttenyearsandalittledecreaseinrecentyears.TherehasbeenatendencyofincreaseallthetimeinNortheastandNorthwest,butadecreaseafteranincreasefirstlyinotherregions.Thevirtualwateroffoodcropsisthemaximumwhichaccountsformorethan70%inChina,andthatofvegetablesisinafastgrowth.Theproportionofagriculturalproductsvirtualwatertothetotalwaterresourcesineachregionhasalargedifference,showingtheimbalanceofagriculturalwaterindifferentregions,whichaccountsfor50%90%inNortheast,and125%185%inNorthChina.Undertheguidanceofvirtualwaterstrategy,basedonthedifferencesofresourceendowment,eachregionshouldadjustagriculturalstructure,decideproductionbywater,andselectwatersuitablecrops.Inwaterrichregion,agriculturalproductsofhighwaterconsumptionshouldbeplantedappropriately,whichwillmakefulluseoftheabundantlocalwaterresources.Inwatershortageregionthecropproductionofhighwaterconsumptionandlowefficiencyshouldbedepressed,andthatoflowwaterconsumptionandhighefficiencyshouldbesupportedandincreased.Itwillachievereasonabledispositionofwaterresources,promoteecologicalrestorationandenvironmentalprotection,aswellasensurefoodsecurity.

简介：Manufacturingindustryisanimportantsymbolwhichweighsalocaleconomycomprehensivestrengthandmodernizedlevel,andamightymanufacturingindustryisareliableguaranteewhichrealizestheindustrymodernization.ThemanufacturingindustryineasterncoastalprovincesandcitiesofChina,includingShandong,Jiangsu,Zhejiang,ShanghaiandGuangdong,holdsaquitehighproportion,andiscompetitive.Butastotheinterior,themanufacturingindustrycompetitivenessoffiveprovincesandcitiesactuallyhasobviouslygradientdifference.Theconcreteprofession'scompetitivenessalsohasthecharacteristicrespectively.Thispaperanalyzesthecompetitivenessofmanufacturingindustryinfiveprovincesandcitiesbytheshift-shareanalysis,obtainsaconclusionthatShandongandZhejianghavethecompetitiveadvantageinthetraditionalmanufacturingindustry,thatJiangsu'sandGuangdong'scompetitivenessliesincapital,technology-intensiveindustry,butthatShanghaimanufacturingindustry'scompetitiveadvantageisnotobvious,andthenproposesstrategytopromotethemanufacturingindustryintheeasterncoastalprovincesandcities.

简介：摘要：在美国次贷危机中，影子银行被指控是造成此次金融危机的主要“元凶”之一。随着我国经济增长速率放缓，商业银行的同业、理财等非金融机构业务规模迅速扩大，影子银行逐渐浮出水面。同时，因影子银行自身的信用创造、期限错配等特征使得其积聚了大量的风险。我国影子银行本质上是以商业银行为主导开展的一系列业务，一旦影子银行发生危机，往往具有很强的传染性，容易引发系统性风险，影子银行的监管成为了我国乃至国际金融界重点。本文将介绍影子银行的兴起原因、风险成因、以及监管措施。针对影子银行的两面性，我们应辩证地对待其发展，积极的引导，不应盲目的实行“一刀切”监管。

简介：经济运行分析主要结论2008年1月，我国外贸增速放缓，信贷投放大幅增加。本月进出口贸易规模无论进口、出口，还是进出口总额、贸易顺差，都出现了下降。对外贸易回调的短期性因素主要是受季节性因素的影响。冰雪灾害天气，也对中国进出口造成短期的波动影响，预计未来1-2月进出口增长会有短期延滞。