简介：TheresearchworkinRef.[1]receivedsupportfromtheSurgicalCenterHenriMondor,UniversityParis12,France.Therefore,wewouldliketopublishthefollowingacknowledgement:ThisworkwaswithintheframeworkofanErasmusstudentmobilityattheHigherInstituteofBioScience,UniversityParis12,France,whichenabledtheinternationalcollaborationwithFacultyofMedicalBioengineering,UniversityofIasi,Romania.Theexperimentalmeasurementsandpartialprocessingofthedatapresentedinthisarticle

简介：Atransientpostanaphaserepositioningofthecentrioleisfoundtocontrolthecompletionofcytokinesis.Usingagreenfluorescentprotein-calmodulinfusionproteinasalivingcellprobe,wehavepreviouslyfoundthatcalmodulinisassociatedwiththeinitiationandprogressionofcytokinesis.Inthisstudy,wefurtherstudiedtheeffectofcalmodulinontherepositioningofthecentrioleandsubsequentcellcycleprogression.Whenactivityofcalmodulinisinhibited,theregressionofthecentriolefromtheintercellularbridgetothecellcenterisblocked,andthusthecompletionofcelldivisionisrepressedandtwodaughtercellsarelinkedbylongercellbridgeinperturbedcells.W7treatmentduringcytokinesisalsoresultsinunfinishedcytokinesisandstoppedG1phase.Theseresultssuggestthatcalmodulinactivityisrequiredforcentriolerepositioningandcanaffectthecompletionofcytokinesisandcellcycleprogression.

简介：ProteinkinaseRAFisstrategicallylocatedinthe'Ras-MAP-kinasesignaltransductionpathway',aprinciplesystemwhichtransmitssignalsfromgrowthfactorreceptorstothenucleus,resultingincellproliferation.GrowthfactorresponsesaremediatedinpartbyactivationofRas,whichinturnactivatesRAFtophosphorylateMEK,itsdownstreamsubstrate.MEKactivatesMAPkinasetoinfluencenuclearevents.itisclear.however,thatanetworkofsignalsotherthanthosecarredbyRasplaysaroleinRAFregulation.Theseorthogonalinfluencesaremediatedbu:serine/threoninekinases,tyrosinekinases,andprotein-proteininteractions.AsafurthercomplicationtotheRAFnetwork,threeisoformsofRAFhavebeenestablishedwhichhavedivergentN-terminalregulatorydomains,Whereasthesedivergentregulatorydomainsimplicateisoform-specificfunctions,noclearevidenceorhypothesisfordistinctfunctionsforindividualisoformshasbeenpresented.Recently,'isoform-specificproteininteractions'havebeenidentifiedamongnumerousproteinsinteractingwithRAF,ThesestudiesmayservetodelineateindependentfunctionsforRAFisoforms.

简介：ShortinterferingRNA(siRNA)iswidelyusedforstudyingpost-transcriptionalgenesilencingandholdsgreatpromiseasatoolforbothidentifyingfunctionofnovelgenesandvalidatingdrugtargets.TwosiRNAfragments(siRNA-aand-b),whichweredesignedagainstdifferentspecificareasofcodingregionofthesametargetgreenfluorescentprotein(GFP)gene,wereusedtosilenceGFPexpressioninculturedgfptransgeniccellsofrice(OryzasativaL.;OS),cotton(GossypiumhirsutumL.;GH),Fraserfir[Abiesfraseri(Pursh)Poir;AF],andVirginiapine(PinusvirginianaMill.;PV).DifferentialgenesilencingwasobservedinthebombardedtransgeniccellsbetweentwosiRNAs,andtheseresultswereconsistentwiththeinactivationofGFPconfirmedbylaserscanningmicroscopy,Northernblot,andsiRNAanalysisintestedtransgeniccellcultures.ThesedatasuggestthatsiRNA-mediatedgeneinactivationcanbethesiRNAspecificindifferentplantspecies.TheseresultsindicatethatsiRNAisahighlyspecifictoolfortargetedgeneknockdownandforestablishingsiRNA-mediatedgenesilencing,whichcouldbeareliableapproachforlarge-scalescreeningofgenefunctionanddrugtargetvalidation.

简介：Expressionoftheadhesionmolecules,ICAM-1,VCAM-1,NCAM,CD44,CD49d(VLA-4,αchain),andCDlla(LFA-1,αchain)onmouseoocytes,andpre-andperi-implantationstageembryoswasexam-inedbyquantitativeindirectimmunoliuorescencemicroscopy.ICAM-1wasmoststronglyexpressedattheoocytestage,graduallydecliningalmosttoundetectablelevelsbytheexpandedblastocyststage.NCAM,alsoexpressedmaximallyontheoocyte,declinedtoundetectablelevelsbeyondthemorulastage.Ontheotherhand,CD44declinedfromhighestexpressionattheoocytestagetoshowasecondmaximumatthecompacted8-cell/morula.Thismoleculeexhibitedhighexpressionaroundcontactareasbetweentrophecto-dermandzonapellucidaduringblastocysthatching.CD49dwashighlyexpressedintheoocyte,remainedsignificantlyexpressedthroughoutandafterblastocysthatchingwasexpressedonthepolartrophecto-derm.LikeCD44,CD49ddeclinedtoundetectablelevelsattheblastocystoutgrowthstage.ExpressionofbothVCAM-1andCDllawasundetectablethroughout.ThediametricaltemporalexpressionpatternofICAM-1andNCAMcomparedtoCD44andCD49dsuggestthatdynamicchangesinexpressionofadhesionmoleculesmaybeimportantforinteractionoftheembryowiththematernalcellularenvironmentaswellasforcontinuingdevelopmentandsurvivaloftheearlyembryo.

简介：

简介：更小的谷物borer，Rhyzopertha西班牙托钵僧一是一个学生在热带的存储谷物的害虫。在2.5，3.5，5.0,7.0和10.0mL/kg的植物油(加蜜列，香甜的杏仁和椰子)对Rhyzopertha西班牙托钵僧被测试一(F.)在小麦谷物。所有生物鉴定在30℃和65%±被进行2%RH。有在高剂量(10.0mL/kg)的植物油的处理在暴露的24h以内完成了超过95%控制到刚对待的谷物。在他们的效果的三油之间有小差别。在谷物的油的坚持在处理以后是测试atshort术语存储间隔(48，72和96h)和中间术语的间隔(10，20和30天)。所有产品的活动与存储时期减少了。种子生存能力被油处理的高剂量率(10.0mL/kg)减少。对在在开发国家的传统的粮谷贮藏的虫害的增补或其他的谷物杀虫撒布剂被讨论的植物油的潜在的使用。