简介：【摘要】目的：研究无创呼吸在院前的应用探究。方法：将本院2016.6～2020.6期间收治的65例院前急救患者按随机电脑盲化法列为对比组(n=33，予以人工气囊辅助呼吸)与研究组(n=32，予以无创呼吸机辅助呼吸)，对比两组无创呼吸应用效果。结果：研究组通气后呼吸机相关性肺炎发生率为18.19%，与对比组的56.25%相比更低，P＜0.05；研究组抢救成功率为

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简介：AbstractWith the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic showing no signs of abating, resuming neglected tropical disease (NTD) activities, particularly mass drug administration (MDA), is vital. Failure to resume activities will not only enhance the risk of NTD transmission, but will fail to leverage behaviour change messaging on the importance of hand and face washing and improved sanitation—a common strategy for several NTDs that also reduces the risk of COVID-19 spread. This so-called "hybrid approach" will demonstrate best practices for mitigating the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by incorporating physical distancing, use of masks, and frequent hand-washing in the delivery of medicines to endemic communities and support action against the transmission of the virus through water, sanitation and hygiene interventions promoted by NTD programmes. Unless MDA and morbidity management activities resume, achievement of NTD targets as projected in the WHO/NTD Roadmap (2021-2030) will be deferred, the aspirational goal of NTD programmes to enhance universal health coverage jeopardised and the call to 'leave no one behind’a hollow one. We outline what implementing this hybrid approach, which aims to strengthen health systems, and facilitate integration and cross-sector collaboration, can achieve based on work undertaken in several African countries.

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简介：AbstractBackground:An epidemic of COVID-19 broke out in Wuhan, China, since December 2019. The ordinary medical services were hindered. However, the emergency cases, including aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), still required timely intervention. Thus, it provoked challenges to the routine management protocol. In this study, we summarized our experience in the emergency management of aSAH (Beijing Tiantan Protocol, BTP) in Beijing, China.Methods:Demographic, clinical, and imaging data of consecutive emergency aSAH patients who underwent craniotomy clipping during the COVID-19 epidemic season were reviewed and compared with the retrospective period last year. Subgroup analysis was further performed to assess the outcomes of different screening results and several detailed protocols. Neurological outcomes were evaluated by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS).Results:A total of 127 aSAH were referred to our emergency department, and 42 (33.1%) underwent craniotomy clipping between January 20, 2020, and March 25, 2020. The incidence of preoperative hospitalized adverse events and the perioperative outcomes were similar (-0.1, 95% CI - 1.0 to 0.8, P = 0.779) to the retrospective period last year (January 2019-March 2019). After the propensity score matching (PSM), there were still no statistical differences in prognostic parameters between the two groups. Eight (19.0%) of the 42 individuals were initially screened as preliminary undetermined COVID-19 cases, in which 2 of them underwent craniotomy clipping in the negative pressure operating room (OR). The prognosis of patients with varied COVID-19 screening results was similar (F(2, 39) = 0.393, P = 0.678). Since February 28, 12 cases (28.6%) received COVID-19 nucleic acid testing (NAT) upon admission, and all showed negative. The false-negative rate was 0.0%. The preoperative hospitalized adverse events and postoperative prognosis were still similar between patients with and without COVID-19 NAT (-0.3, 95% CI - 1.4 to 0.9, P = 0.653).Conclusions:Our emergency surgery management protocol (BTP) is reliable for scheduling emergency aneurysm craniotomy clipping in non-major epidemic areas.

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简介：【摘要】目的：探讨分析肺癌诊断中应用血清癌胚抗原（CEA）、糖类抗原19-9（CA19-9）联合检验的效果。方法：2020.2-2021.2，抽取该阶段本院收治的67例肺癌患者、65例肺部良性疾病患者为研究对象，分别设为肺癌组、肺病组，抽取患者血样进行血清标志物检验，对比检验结果。结果：肺癌组的CEA、CA19-9水平均高于肺病组（P＜0.05）。腺癌患者的CEA、CA19-9水平均高于鳞癌、小细胞癌患者（P＜0.05）。肺癌组的CEA、CA19-9、CEA+CA19-9阳性检出率大于肺病组（P＜0.05）。结论：在肺癌诊断中联合应用CEA、CA19-9检验，可提升疾病准确检出率，可辅助临床及时对患者进行早期干预，改善患者预后情况。

简介：摘要：目的：采用问卷调查的方式调查大学生在新冠疫情期体育锻炼情况，并探讨不同性别、居住地大学生体育锻炼情况的差异，进而探索大学生新冠疫情期体育锻炼行为的潜在影响因素。方法：采用电子问卷的方式，于2020年1月30日至2月1日对贵州某高校大学生进行电子问卷调查。结果：新冠疫情期大学生的体育锻炼行为中体育锻炼频率女生比男生少（

简介：摘要：2019年11月19日夜间至22日，塔城盆地出现了一场强寒潮天气过程。本文利用实况及常规天气观测资料和ECMWF初始场及各项预报资料，采用天气学方法对此次寒潮天气过程的实况、天气形势、大尺度环流背景、单站要素、冷空气源地及冷高压移动路径、向南爆发的机制及强降温的原因进行了诊断分析，同时针对此次强寒潮天气过程对ECMWF数值预报中心850hPa温度预报产品、细网格降水预报产品进行了检验，为进一步提高寒潮天气形成机制的认识提供参考。结果表明:主导系统欧洲脊强烈发展并缓慢东移，其下游天气尺度影响系统西伯利亚横槽转竖是造成此次寒潮天气爆发的主要原因。欧亚中高纬环流形势呈由纬向环流转经向环流再转纬向环流，欧洲脊后暖平流动力加压作用，使横槽逐渐转竖并与较低纬度中亚低槽合并，环流经向度加大，造成冷空气势力增强；欧洲脊后西北部小槽入侵迫使高压脊向东南方向移动并逐渐崩溃，脊前偏北气流逆转为西北气流，引导冷空气大举向东南爆发，造成寒潮天气，较强冷平流是造成气温骤降的主要原因；通过对 ECMWF细网格降水、850hPa温度预报检验表明，两者对塔城盆地寒潮天气中伴随的降水开始与结束时间以及寒潮过程中最低温度的出现时间有较强的预报能力，但对降温幅度和降水量值的预报误差不稳定，在实际运用中需进行订正。

简介：【摘要】初中科学课程作为一门综合性的学科，对培养学生的科学技术素养具有重要的意义，要较好地发挥课程的育人价值，就要创新课程的教学模式方法，提高科学课程的教学效果。本文对依靠思路来引领科学课程教学的模式方法进行了实践探索，提出了思路教学模式，对思路教学模式的概念进行了界定，对其在教学实践中的操作运用进行了论述，并说明了该教学模式的运用效果，希望对创新初中科学课堂教学模式能起到帮助作用。

简介：【摘要】目的：探究院前急救护理路径运用于急性左心衰竭院前急救护理中的应用效果。方法：选取2020年1月到2020年12月由西安咸阳国际机场急救科急救中心救治的

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简介：AbstractBackground:COVID-19 can lead to increased psychological symptoms such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety among patients with COVID-19. Based on the previous mindfulness-based interventions proved to be effective, this protocol reports a design of a randomized controlled trial aiming to explore the efficacy and possible mechanism of a mindful living with challenge (MLWC) intervention developed for COVID-19 survivors in alleviating their psychological problems caused by both the disease and the pandemic.Methods:In April 2021, more than 1600 eligible participants from Hubei Province of China will be assigned 1:1 to an online MLWC intervention group or a waitlist control group. All participants will be asked to complete online questionnaires at baseline, post-program, and 3-month follow-up. The differences of mental health status (e.g. PTSD) and physical symptoms including fatigue and sleeplessness between the COVID-19 survivors who receiving the online MLWC intervention and the control group will be assessed. In addition, the possible mediators and moderators of the link between the MLWC intervention and target outcomes will be evaluated by related verified scales, such as the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire. Data will be analyzed based on an intention-to-treat approach, and SPSS software will be used to perform statistical analysis.Discussion:The efficacy and potential mechanism of MLWC intervention in improving the quality of life and psychological status of COVID-19 survivors in China are expected to be reported. Findings from this study will shed light on a novel and feasible model in improving the psychological well-being of people during such public health emergencies.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR), ChiCTR2000037524; Registered on August 29, 2020, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=60034.