简介:Anewkindofcontrolsystemforkeyholeplasmaarcwelding(K-PAW)wasdevelopedbasedonthecomputerandtheGraphicsLanguage-LabVIEW.Itcansetandoutputtherequiredcurrentwaveformswithdesireddecreasingslopessothatthecorresponding'openingandclosing'ofkeyholecanoccurperiodically.Withthiscontrolstrategyofweldingcurrentwaveforms,theworkpieceisfullypenetratedwhilenoburn-throughoccurs.Keyholeplasmaarcweldingexperimentswereconductedtoverifythestabilityandreliabilityofthedevelopedsystem.
简介:Visibleimageryisextremelyusefultooverviewtheedgeanddivertorstructure.Theplasmaconfigurationandthepositionofthestrikelinesonthetargetplatescanbealsoobservedbyimagingtechnique.Byimagingtheedgeorcoreplasmawithvisibleemissioninthedesiredwavelengthband,usuallywitha“tangential”view,theplasmapositioncanbedeterminedinprinciple.
简介:精索静脉曲张,男不孕的最重要的可对待的原因,是在场的在15%成年男性,有主要不孕的35%人,和有第二等的不孕的80%人。在另一方面,80%这些人不介绍不孕。因此,有需要区分正在施加从“是可对待的有害效果的精索静脉曲张;silent”;精索静脉曲张。尽管有精索静脉曲张的细胞的效果的成长证据,它的内在的分子的机制仍然正在逃避。Proteomics成为了一个有希望的区域决定精液的繁殖生物学以及改进男不孕的诊断。这评论试图与精索静脉曲张在病人在精液的血浆proteomics讨论state-of-art在承担这些研究,以及在精液的proteome上从证据的成长身体导出的未来眼界讨论挑战。
简介:Electrondensity(Ne)inaglowdischargeplasmaforthesurfacealloyingtechniqueisdiagnosedbyopticalemissionspectrometry(OES).WithCH_4asthefeedinggas,NeisobtainedbycomparingtheHβspectrumaccordingtotheStarkbroadeningeffect.ItisnoticedthatNevarieswiththeworkingpressures(30Pato70Pa)andcathodevoltages(500Vto1000V),respectively.Duetoanabnormalglowdischarge,Neisbetween1.71×10~(15)/cm~3to6.64×10~(15)/cm~3andincreasesrapidlywithworkinggaspressuresandcathodevoltages.TheresultsshowthatOESisausefulmethodtomeasuretheplasmaparametersinasurfacealloyingglowdischargeplasma.
简介:Numericalsimulationsof10kWand110kWinductivelycoupledplasma(ICP)windtunnelswerecarriedouttostudyphysicalpropertiesoftheflowinsidetheICPtorchandvacuumchamberwithairastheworkinggas.Two-dimensionalcompressibleaxisymmetricNavierStokes(N-S)equationsthattookintoaccount11speciesand49chemicalreactionsofair,weresolved.Aheatsourcemodelwasusedtodescribetheheatingphenomenoninsteadofsolvingtheelectromagneticequations.Inthevacuumchamber,afour-temperaturemodelwascoupledwithN-Sequations.Numericalresultsforthe10kWICPwindtunnelarepresentedanddiscussedindetailasarepresentativecase.Itwasfoundthattheplasmaflowinthevacuumchambertendedtobeinlocalthermochemicalequilibrium.Tostudytheinfluenceofoperationconditionsontheflowfield,simulationswerecarriedoutfordifferentchamberpressuresand/orinputpowers.ThecomputationalresultsfortheabovetwoICPwindtunnelswerecomparedwithcorrespondingexperimentaldata.Thecomputationalandexperimentalresultsagreewell,thereforetheflowfieldsofICPwindtunnelscanbeclearlyunderstood.
简介:Inthiswork,laserinducedtungstenplasmahasbeeninvestigatedintheabsenceandpresenceof0.6Tstatictransversemagneticfieldatatmosphericpressureinair.Thespectroscopiccharacterizationoflaserinducedtungstenplasmawasexperimentallystudiedusingspace-resolvedemissionspectroscopy.Theatomicemissionlinesoftungstenshowedasignificantenhancementinthepresenceofamagneticfield,whiletheionicemissionlinesoftungstenpresentedlittlechange.Temporalvariationoftheopticalemissionlinesoftungstenindicatedthattheatomicemissiontimeinthepresenceofamagneticfieldwaslongerthanthatintheabsenceofamagneticfield,whilenosignificantchangesoccurredfortheionicemissiontime.Thespatialresolutionofopticalemissionlinesoftungstendemonstratedthatthespatialdistributionofatomsandionswereseparated.Theinfluenceofamagneticfieldonthespatialdistributionofatomswasremarkable,whereasthespatialdistributionofionswaslittleinfluencedbythemagneticfield.Thedifferentbehaviorsbetweenionsandatomswithandwithoutmagneticfieldinairwererelatedtothevariousatomicprocessesespeciallytheelectronsandionsrecombinationprocessduringtheplasmaexpansionandcoolingprocess.
简介:导致激光的血浆今天代表普遍分光镜的排放来源。它能容易用紧缩、可靠的毫微秒被产生材料的一个大变化上的搏动的激光。它为例如有导致激光的故障光谱学(解放)的spectrochemical分析的申请变得那么流行一个人趋于忘记导致它的产生并且管理它的进化的复杂物理、化学的过程。这篇评论文章的目的是总结必要的背景从它的产生理解并且描述导致激光的血浆到它的扩大进周围的气体。目的是不详细说明每个过程的细节;在文学为那有众多的专业化论文和书。这里的目标是在必要理解元素需要从一个复杂过程把导致激光的血浆描述为结果的一份一样的报纸聚在一起。这些元素能在背景气体在象激光事相互作用,材料的激光脱离,热、电离的气体的光、热力学的性质,或血浆繁殖那样的几块相关却独立的地里被驱散。我们相信那介绍以一条全面的路并且在这份报纸的有限的页理解导致激光的血浆的元素的整体将对进一步的开发有用并且优化LIBS技术的使用。每次如此的说明变得可能、有用,在我们的实验室获得的试验性的结果被用来说明学习物理过程。
简介:Surfacemodificationonapolytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)panelwasperformedwithsequentialnitrogenplasmatreatmentsandsurface-initiatedpolymerization.ByintroducingCOO—groupstothesurfaceofthePTFEpanelthroughgraftingpolymerizationofacrylicacid(AA),atransparentpoly(acrylicacid)(PAA)membranewasachievedfromacrylicacidsolution.GraftingpolymerizationinitiatingfromtheactivegroupswasachievedonthePTFEpanelsurfaceafterthenitrogenplasmatreatment.Utilizingtheacrylicacidasmonomers,withCOO—groupsascrosslinksitestoformreticulationstructure,atransparentpoly(acrylicacid)membranewitharborescentmacromolecularstructurewasformedonthePTFEpanelsurface.Analysismethods,suchasfouriertransforminfraredspectroscopy(FTIR),microscopyandX-rayphotoelectronspectroscopy(XPS),wereutilizedtocharacterizethestructuresofthemacromoleculemembraneonthePTFEpanelsurface.AcontactanglemeasurementwasperformedtocharacterizethemodifiedPTFEpanels.ThesurfacehydrophilicitiesofmodifiedPTFEpanelsweresignificantlyenhancedaftertheplasmatreatment.Itwasshownthatthegraftingrateisrelatedtothetreatingtimeandthepowerofplasma.
简介:Sinceamorphousalloyshavewiderapplication,theycannotbefabricatedusingtheconventionalcoolingvelocity.ThebarmaterialplasmasprayingisadoptedtofabricateFebaseamorphousalloyinthisinvestigation.Thecrystallizationdegree,microstructure,micro-hardness,composition,crystallizationtemperatureoftheamorphousalloyandtheflyingrulesoftheatomizedparticlesintheprocessoftheplasmasprayaretested.Theresultsshowthatthealloypreparedhasthehighamorphousdegreeandhomogeneousmicrostructure,micro-hardnessandthecrystallizationtemperaturecanreach1187HVand531℃respectively.Theatomizationisverywellduringtheprocessofplasmaspraying;andthereishighthermalgradient,thecoolingvelocityreaches6.07×107K/s.
简介:Thephotonpolarizationtensorcarriesthefundamentalinformationofmagnetizedvacuumormedium[1{5].Acompletedescriptionofthevacuumpolarizationtensorisparticularlycomplicatedtoapproach,sincethevacuumphotonpolarizationtensorisexpressedintermsofadoublesummationofinfiniteserieswithrespecttotwoLandaulevelsoccupiedbyvirtualchargedparticles.MostworkswerefocusingonthestrongfiledlimitwithanassumptionofLowestLandauLevel(LLL)[2,6]InRef.[7]weobtainedafulldescriptionofvacuumpolarizationtensorinresponsetoalltheLandaulevelsatanyfieldstrengthofBforthefirsttimebeyondLLLapproximation,andwefoundoutthattheimaginarypartofthephotonpolarizationtensorξΠbecomesnonzeroatthetimelikemomentaregionQ2>4(M2+2neB)atT=0,i.e..,theLLLapproximationisanalyticallysatisfied[3,7].
简介:Anexperimentandanalysisonremovalofgaseousbenzenebypulsecoronainducedplasmaispresentedinthisarticle.Importantparameterseffectingremovalefficiencyhavebeeninvestigated,suchaspulsepeakvoltage,pulsefrequency,gasinletconcentration,gasflowrateandreactortemperature.Theresultshowsthattheremovalefficiencyincreaseswiththeincreaseinpulsepeakvoltage,pulsefrequencyandreactortemperature,butdecreasesintheriseofgasinletconcentrationandgasflowrate.OntheconditionofVp=36kV,f=80Hz,C=1440mg/m^3andQ=640ml/min,thelargestremovalefficiencyis98%.Finally,thereactedproductsarequalitativelyanalysedandthereactionprocessesarededucedincombinationwithplasma-chemistrytheory.
简介:Theimprovedlaser-to-pedestalcontrastratioenabledbycurrenthigh-powerlaserpulsecleaningtechniquesallowsthefinefeaturesofthetargetsurvivebeforethemainlaserpulsearrives.Weproposetointroducethenano-fabricationtechnologiesintolaser–plasmainteractiontoexplorethenoveleffectsofmicro-structures.Wefoundoutthatnotonlylaser-drivenparticlesourcesbutalsothelaserpulseitselfcanbemanipulatedbyspecificallydesignedmicro-cylinderand-tubetargets,respectively.Theproposalwassupportedbyfull-3Dparticle-in-cellsimulationsandsuccessfulproofof-principleexperimentsforthefirsttime.Webelievethiswouldopenawaytomanipulaterelativisticlaser–plasmainteractionatthemicro-sizelevel.
简介:Inthispaper,theone-dimensional(1D)particle-in-cell(PIC)simulationisusedtostudythemodulationinstabilityofionacousticwavesinelectron–ionplasmas.TheionacousticwaveisdescribedbyusinganonlinearSchr¨odingerequation(NLSE)derivedfromthereductiveperturbationmethod.Formournumericalsimulations,weareabletodemonstratethat,afterthemodulation,theamplitudeincreasessteadilyovertime.Furthermore,bycomparingthenumericalresultswithtraditionalanalyticalsolutions,weacquiretheapplicationscopeforthereductiveperturbationmethodtoobtaintheNLSE.Wealsofindthismethodcanalsobeextendedtootherfieldssuchasfluiddynamics,nonlinearoptics,solidstatephysics,andtheBose–Einsteincondensatetovalidatetheapplicationscopeoftheresultsfromthetraditionalperturbationmethod.
简介:TheuseofabackgroundplasmainadielectricCherenkovmasercaneffectivelyincreasetheefficiencyandthemicrowaveoutputpowerofthedevice.Here,theeffectofthelongitudinaluniformmagneticfieldonthewave-beaminteractionoftheplasma-filleddielectricCherenkovmaserisexaminedbysolvingthebeam-plasma,dielectriclinedwaveguidedispersionequation.Andtheeffectsofthelongitudinalmagneticfield,plasmadensityanddielectricparametersonthelinearspatialgrowthrateandtheenergyratioarepresented.