简介：AIM:Toinvestigatethediagnosticaccuracyofthemeanplateletvolumeandplateletdistributionwidthinacuteappendicitis.METHODS:Thisretrospective,case-controlledstudycompared295patientswithacuteappendicitis(Group?Ⅰ),100patientswithotherintra-abdominalinfections(GroupⅡ),and100healthyindividuals(GroupⅢ)betweenJanuary2012andJanuary2013.Theage,gender,andwhitebloodcellcount,neutrophilpercentage,meanplateletvolume,andplateletdistributionwidthvaluesfrombloodsampleswerecomparedamongthegroups.StatisticalanalyseswereperformedusingSPSSforWindows21.0software.Inaddition,thesensitivity,specificity,positiveandnegativepredictivevaluesandlikelihoodratios,anddiagnosticaccuracywerecalculated.RESULTS:Themeanagesofpatientswere29.9±12.0yearsforGroup?Ⅰ,31.5±14.0yearsforGroupⅡ,and30.4±13.0yearsforGroupⅢ.Demographicfeaturessuchasageandgenderwerenotsignificantlydifferentamongthegroups.Whitebloodcellcount,neutrophilpercentageandplateletdistributionwidthweresignificantlyhigherinGroup?Ⅰ?comparedtogroupsⅡandⅢ(P<0.05).Diagnostically,thesensitivity,specificityanddiagnosticaccuracywere73.1%,94.0%,and78%forwhitebloodcellcount,70.0%,96.0%,and76.0%forneutrophilpercentage,29.5%,49.0%,and34.0%formeanplateletvolume,and97.1%,93.0%,and96.0%forplateletdistributionwidth,respectively.ThehighestdiagnosticaccuracydetectedwasforplateletdistributionwidthbetweenGroup?Ⅰ?andGroupⅢ(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:Plateletdistributionwidthanalysiscanbeusedfordiagnosisofacuteappendicitiswithoutrequiringadditionaltests,thusreducingthecostandlossoftime.

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简介：日常教学中,有些英语教师总是关注于课堂上如何把一个知识点展现得尽善尽美,以此吸引学生的眼球,然后让学生反复操练与知识点相关的对话。之后教师再反复强调,把知识点说得非常透,以此达到让学生牢固掌握的目的。却忽视了对学生自主探究学习能力的培养,这不利于学生的终身学习。在这个知识多元化、知识爆炸的时代,我们不能只满足于学生掌握课本知识,考出个好成绩。

简介：Atheoreticalinvestigationiscarriedouttostudytheexistence,formationandbasicpropertiesofionacoustic(IA)doublelayers(DLs)inamagnetizedbi-ionplasmaconsistingofwarm/coldionsandBoltzmanndistributedelectrons.Basedonthereductiveperturbationtechnique,anextendedKortewegde-Vries(KdV)equationisderived.Thepropagationoftwopossiblemodes(fastandslow),andtheirevolutionareinvestigated.Theeffectsofobhqueness,magnitudeofthemagneticfield,ionconcentration,polarityofions,andiontemperatureontheIADLprofileareanalyzed,andthentherangesofparametersforwhichtheIADLsexistareinvestigatedindetails.

简介：BackgroundPatientswithunstableanginapectorisanddiabetesmellitusareverycommon.Whentheyreceiveinterventionaltherapy,contrastagentscancauserenalinjuryandplateletactivation.Alprostadilhasbeenshowntodecreaseinflammationandmicrovascularresistance.Thereisnoanyreportontheprotectioneffectsofalprostadilonrenalinjuryandtheplateletactivationduringcardiacinterventionaltherapy.MethodsAtotalof57patientsweredividedintotwogroups,alprostadilgroup(n=35)andnormalgroupn=22).BUN(bloodureanitrogen)andSCr(serumcreatine)weremeasuredastherenalfunctionparameters.GFR(glomerularfiltrationrate)wascalculatedbytheMDRDformula.Plateletparameters:PLT(plateletcount,109),PDW(plateletdistributionwidth,fL),MPV(meanplateletvolume,fL),PLCR(largeplateletscaleratio,%)weremeasuredastheplateletactivationindex.TtestandChi-squaretestwereusedasstatisticalmethods,andP<0.05wasconsideredstatisticallysignificant.ResultsInthealprostadilgroup,SCrwas71.1±13.8μmol/Land65.9±12.6μmol/L,beforeandafterinterventionaltherapy(P<0.05).BUNwas5.68±1.79mmol/Land3.86±1.19mmol/L(P<0.001),beforeandafterinterventionaltherapy.Intheplatelettests,MPVwasseemedtobetheonlyusefulplateletparameter,beforeandafterinterventionaltherapy(11.8±1.8fLand11.1±1.2fL,P<0.05),whilethePLT(109/L),PDW(fl),PLCR(%)didn'tshowanysignificantdifference.Inthenormalgroup,allthesetests'resultsdidn'tsignificantlychangeafterinterventionaltherapy.ConclusionsThepatientswiththeunstableanginapectorisanddiabetesmellitushaveontheriskofrenalfunctiondamageandplateletactivationwhenundertakingcardiacinterventionaltherapy.Alprostadilprotectsrenalfunctionandalleviatesplateletactivation.

简介：在哪儿在核物理学研究触发了一个新时代，在铁以外的重元素什么时候，并且怎么充实我们的宇宙的待研究的问题。所有相关核物理学输入，很充满中子的核种的团是为在铁以外揭示重元素的起源的关键数量。尽管这个性质的精确决心是大挑战，庞大的进步在最近的十年被取得了，并且它显著地作出贡献到原子结构和天体物理学的nucleosynthesis研究。在这评论，我们首先调查我们原子集体表面的现在的知识，强调在r过程计算的原子集体精确的重要性。我们然后与一些选择例子在原子集体测量的各种各样的方法讨论最近的进步。为每个方法，我们集中于最近的突破并且讨论改进称r过程核种的可能的方法。

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简介：Recentlytherehasbeengreatprogressinlaser-drivenplasma-basedacceleratorsbyexploitinghigh-powerlasers,whereelectronbeamscanbeacceleratedtomulti-GeVenergyinacentimeter-scaleplasmaduetothelaserwakefieldaccelerationmechanism.While,todate,worldwideresearchonlaserplasmaacceleratorshasbeenfocusedonthecreationofcompactparticleandradiationsourcesforbasicsciences,medicalandindustrialapplications,thereisgreatinterestinapplicationsforhigh-energyphysicsandastrophysics,exploringunprecedentedhigh-energyfrontierphenomena.Inthiscontext,wepresentanoverviewofexperimentalachievementsinlaserplasmaaccelerationfromtheperspectiveoftheproductionofGeV-levelelectronbeams,anddeducethescalingformulascapableofpredictingexperimentalresultsself-consistently,takingintoaccountthepropagationofarelativisticlaserpulsethroughplasmaandtheacceleratingfieldreductionduetobeamloading.Finally,wepresentdesignexamplesfor10-GeV-levellaserplasmaacceleration,whichisexpectedinnear-termexperimentsbymeansofpetawatt-classlasers.

简介：Quantumeffectsplayanenhancementroleinp-pchainreactionsoccurringwithinstars.Suchanenhancementisquantifiedbyawavepenetrationfactorthatisproportionaltothedensityoftheparticipatingfuelparticles.Thisleadstoaninnovativetheoryfordenseplasma,anditsresultshowsgoodagreementwithindependentdataderivedfromthesolarenergyoutput.AnanalysisofthefirstZ-pinchmachineinmankind’shistoryexhibitingneutronemissionleadstoaderiveddeuteriumplasmabeamdensitygreaterthanthatofwater,withplasmavelocitiesexceeding10000km/s.Fusionpowercouldbeachievedbytheintersectionoffoursuchpinchedplasmabeamswithpowerfulhead-oncollisionsintheircommonfocalregionduetothebeamandtargetenhancedreaction.

简介：Alowpoweratmosphericpressureplasmajetdrivenbya24kHzACpowersourceandoperatedwithaCH4/airgasmixturehasbeeninvestigatedbyopticalemissionspectrometer.Theplasmaparametersincludingtheelectronexcitationtemperature,vibrationaltemperatureandrotationaltemperatureoftheplasmajetatdifferentdischargepowersarediagnosedbasedontheassumptionthatthekineticenergyofthespeciesobeystheBoltzmanndistribution.TheelectrondensityatdifferentpowerisalsoinvestigatedbyHβStarkbroadening.Theresultsshowthattheplasmasourceworksundernon-equilibriumconditions.Itisalsofoundthatthevibrationaltemperatureandrotationaltemperatureincreasewithdischargepower,whereastheelectronexcitationtemperatureseemstohaveadownwardtrend.Theelectrondensityincreasesfrom0.8×1021m-3to1.1×1021m-3whenthedischargepowerincreasesfrom53Wto94W.

简介：Tounveilthecharacteristicsandavailablepropagationmechanismofcoaxial-typemicrowaveexcitedline-shapeplasma,theeffectsofparametersincludingmicrowavepower,workingpressure,dielectricconstant,andexternalmagneticfieldontheplasmadistributionwerenumericallyinvestigatedbysolvingacoupledsystemofMaxwell’sequationsandcontinuityequations.Numericalresultsindicatethathighmicrowavepower,relativelyhighworkingpressure,lowdielectricconstant,andshapedmagneticfieldprofileswillhelpproduceahigh-densityanduniformplasmasource.Excitingbothendsbymicrowavecontributedtothehigh-densityanduniformplasmasourceaswell.Possiblemechanismswereanalyzedbyusingthepolarizationmodeloflowtemperatureplasma.Thegenerationandpropagationprocessesoftheline-shapeplasmamainlydependontheinteractionofthreeaspects,i.e.thetransmittedpart,penetrationpartandabsorptivepartoftheelectromagneticfield.Thenumericalresultswerequalitativelyconsistentwithavailableexperimentalresultsfromliterature.Moreelaboratedescriptionsofthethreeaspectsandcorrespondinginteractionsamongthemneedtobeinvestigatedfurthertoimprovethepropertiesoftheline-shapeplasma.

简介：TiBCNnanocompositecoatingsweredepositedoncementedcarbideandSi（100）byacathodearcplasmasystem,inwhichTiB2cathodeswereusedinmixturegasesofN2andC2H2.X-raydiffractionshowsthatTiB2andTi2B5peaksenhanceatlowflowratesofC2H2,buttheyshrinkwhentheflowrateisover200seem.AnincreaseofdepositionratewasobtainedfromdifferentTiBCNthicknessesforthesamedepositiontimemeasuredbyscanningelectronmicroscopy.Atomicforcemicroscopyshowsthatthesurfaceroughnessesare10nmand20nmatC2H2flowratesof0-100sccmandof150-300sccm,respectively.HighresolutiontransmissionelectronmicroscopyandX-rayphotoelectronspectroscopyshowthatthecoatingsconsistofnanocrystalphasesTi2B5,TiB2andTiN,andamorphousphasecarbonandBN.Theaveragecrystalsizesembeddedintheamorphousmatricesare200nmand10nmatC2H2flowratesof200sccmand300sccm,respectively.InRamanspectra,theD-andG-bandsincreasewithC2H2flowsatlowflowrates,butweakenathighflowrates.Themicrohardnessofthecoatingsdecreasesfrom28.6GPato20GPaastheC2H2increasesfrom0sccmto300sccm,andtheball-on-diskmeasurementshowsadramaticdecreaseofthefrictioncoefficientfrom0.84to0.13.ThereasonforthereducedhardnessandfrictioncoefficientwiththechangeofC2H2flowratesisdiscussed.

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简介：ThepurposeofthisstudywastoinvestigatetheeffectsofZrinterlayeronthestructureandmechanicalpropertiesofTiAlNfilms,whichweredepositedontheM2high-speedsteelsubstratesbymeansofplasma-enhancedmagnetronsputtering.TheresultshowsthatthecrystalorientationofZr/TiAlNfilmsissimilartothatofsingle-layeredTiAlNfilms,butthedifferenceisthatAlN(111)ofZr/TiAlNfilmsdisappearscompletely.WithrespecttoZrinterlayer,thetexturecoefficientofZr/TiAlNfilmsisapproximately1.Zr/TiAlNfilmsexhibitacompactisometricstructure,whichisdistinctlydifferentfromthecolumnarstructureexistinginthesingle-layeredTiAlNfilmsandTi/TiAlNfilms.ThehardnessandH3/E*2ofZr/TiAlNfilmsare,respectively,enhancedtobe36.6GPaand0.147.Withafewcracksemergingaroundtheindention,theadhesionstrengthofTiAlNfilmsisobviouslyadvancedbyaddingZrmetalinterlayer.

简介：BackgroundStudieshaveshownthattheapo(a)gene(LPA)rs3798220polymorphismisassociatedwiththelevelsoflipidsandthecurativeeffectofstatintherapyforcarotidatherosclerosis(CAS).Whethercarriersofanapo(a)variantbenefitmorefromstatinremainsunclear.MethodsOnehundredandthreepatientswithCASwererecruitedfromApril2012toApril2013intheShundeFirstPeoplesHospitalAffiliatedtoSouthernMedicalUniversityinFoshan.Allpatientswereadministeredatorvastatin20mg/dandwerefollowed-upfor2years.withthelevelsofplasmaLp(a),totalcholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),highdensitylipoprotein(HDL),lowdensitylipoprotein(LDL).LPArs3798220genotypesofallpatientswereanalyzed.ResultsStatintreatmentsignificantlyreducedthelevelsofIMT,TC,TG,LDLandincreasedthelevelofHDL,butstatintreatmentdidnotreducethelevelofLp(a).AccordingtothecurativeeffectofstatintherapyinpatientswithCAS,rs3798220polymorphismhadacertaininfluenceonLDLandTClevels,butnotontheimprovementoftheIMT,TG,HDLandLp(a).ConclusionRs3798220polymorphismhasacertainimpactonthecurativeeffectsofstatin,onLDLandTClevels.

简介：Thecurrentsheathvelocityin0.25TorrgaspressureofFilippovtypeplasmafocusisstudiedexperimentally.Byusingtwotridimensionalmagneticprobesontopoftheanodesurface,thecurrentsheathvelocityismeasuredforargon,oxygenandnitrogen.Additionally,theeffectofchargingvoltageonthecurrentsheathvelocityisstudiedinbothaxialandradialphases.Wefoundthat,themaximumcurrentsheathvelocitiesatbothradialandaxialphasesarerespectively4.33±0.28(cm/μs)and3.92±0.75(cm/μs)withargonastheworkinggasat17kV.Also,theminimumvaluesofcurrentsheathvelocityare1.48±0.15(cm/μs)attheradialphaseand1.14±0.09(cm/μs)attheaxialphasewithoxygenat12kV.Thecurrentsheathvelocityattheradialphaseishigherthanthatattheaxialphaseforallgasesandvoltages.Inthisstudy,variationofthefullwidthhalfmaximum(FWHM)ofmagneticprobesignalswithvoltageisinvestigatedfordifferentgasesatradialandaxialphases.

简介：Inthiswork,aplasma-solutionsystemwasappliedtothedegradationofAcidOrange7(A07).Theeffectsofinitialconcentrationandtypeoffeedgases(air,oxygen,nitrogenorargon)werestudied.Astheinitialconcentrationincreasedfrom100mg/Lto160mg/L,thediscolourationrateofA07decreasedfrom99.3%to95.9%,whereastheCODremovalratedecreasedfrom37.9%to22.6%.AirprovidedthebestdiscolourationandCODremovalrates(99.3%and37.9%,respectively).Inthepresenceofazero-valentiron(ZVI)catalyst,theA07CODremovalrateincreasedto76.4%.ThedegradationproductswereanalysedbyaGC-MS,revealingthatthedegradationofthedyemoleculewasinitiatedthroughthecleavageofthe-N=N-bondbeforefinallybeingconvertedtoorganicacids.

简介：CO2methanationhasbeenahottopicbecauseofitsimportantapplicationinthespacecraftandpotentialutilizationofcarbondioxide.Nickelcatalystisactiveforthisreaction.However,itsactivitystillneedstobeimproved.Dielectricbarrierdischarge(DBD)plasma,initiatedatambientconditionandoperatedat~150°C,hasbeenemployedinthisworkfordecompositionofnickelprecursortoprepareNi/MgAl2O4.Theplasmadecompositionresultsinhighdispersion,uniquestructure,enhancedreducibilityofNiparticlesandpromotedcatalyst-supportinteraction.AnimprovedactivityofCO2methanationwithahigheryieldofmethanehasbeenachievedovertheplasmadecomposedcatalyst,comparedtothecatalystpreparedthermally.Forexample,themethaneyieldoftheplasmapreparedcatalystis71.8%at300°Cbutitis62.9%overthethermalpreparedcatalyst.ThecatalystcharacterizationconfirmedthatCO2methanationovertheDBDplasmapreparedcatalystfollowspathwayofCOmethanation.

简介：Thedispersionpropertiesofhigh-andlow-frequencyelectrostaticoscillationsofasphericalmetallicplasmaconsistingofhotelectronsandcoldionsareinvestigated.Themaininterestandthekeyfirstapplicationsofthissystemarethesphericalmetalnanoparticles.Generalexpressionsofdispersionrelationsareobtainedfortheso-calledsurfaceandbulkplasmonwaves,andsurfaceandbulkion-acousticwavesinsphericalgeometry,usinghydrodynamicequationsandPoissonequationwithappropriateboundaryconditions.Numericalresultsshowthatdispersioneffectsbecomelargeformetallicparticlesofsmallradii,particularlyintherangeoffewnanometers.