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简介：AIM:TodescribetheprevalenceanddemographiccharacteristicsofcornealblindnessinanurbanandruralregionofNingxia,locatedinthenorthwestpartofChina.METHODS:Astratified,randomizedsamplingprocedurewasemployedinthestudy,includingurbanandruralareaofallagegroup.Visualacuity,anteriorsegmentandocularfunduswerechecked.Relatedfactorofcornealdisease,includingage,gender,educationstatus,ethnicgroup,locationandoccupation,wereidentifiedaccordingtouniformcustomizedprotocol.Aneyewasdefinedtobecornealblindnessifthevisualacuitywas<20/400duetoacornealdisease.RESULTS:Threethousandindividuals(1290fromurbanareaand1710fromruralarea)participatedintheinvestigation,witharesponserateof80.380%.Theprevalenceofcornealblindnesswas0.023%inbotheyesand0.733%inatleastoneeye.Theblindnessinatleastoneeyewithvariedcauseswaspresentin106participants(3.533%)andinbilateraleyesin34participants(1.133%).Thecornealdiseasesaccountedfor20.754%ofblindnessinatleastoneeyeand20.588%ofbilateralblindness.TheprevalenceofcornealdiseasewashigherinolderandHanethnicgroup,especiallythosewhooccupiedinagricultureandoutdoorwork.Peoplewithcornealblindnessweremorelikelytobeolderandlowereducation.Ruralpopulationweremorelikelytosufferfrombilateralcornealblindnessthantheurbanpopulationin≥59-yeargroup(χ2=6.716,P=0.019).Infectious,traumaandimmunecornealdiseasewerethethreeleadingcausesofcornealdisease.Traumacornealdiseasewasmorelikelyleadingtoblindnessinoneeye.However,infectiousandimmunecornealdiseasesmakemorecontributiontothebilateralcornealblindness.CONCLUSION:CornealblindnessisasignificantburdenofinNingxiapopulation,encompassingavarietyofcornealinfectionsandtrauma;themajorityofthosewereavoidable.Healthpromotionstrategiesandgoodhygienicconditionshavetobedeveloped.

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatetheassociationbetweensocioeconomicstatus(SES)andvisualdisability(VD)amongolderChineseadults.METHODS:WeobtaineddatafromtheSecondNationalSampleSurveyonDisability,conductedinChinain2006.Atotalnumberof192375olderadults(aged≥65y)werescreenedforsuspectedVDviainterviewswithtrainedexaminers.ThosewhoscreenedpositivelyforVDwerereferredtoophthalmologiststoobtainafinaldiagnosis.RESULTS:VDwasprevalentamong7.29%ofChineseadultsaged65andolder,andwashigherinruralareas(8.71%)thaninurbanareas(4.82%).AfteradjustingforSESindicatorsandcovariates,wefoundthatlesseducatedolderadultsweremorelikelytosufferfromVD,withanoddsratio(OR)of2.50(95%CI:2.26-2.82)forilliterates,comparedwiththosewhograduatedfromseniorhighschoolorabove.OlderadultswhowereinthelowestincomequintileweremoreatriskofVD,withanORof1.81(95%CI:1.68-2.95),comparedwithadultsinthehighestincomequintile.Inurbanareas,whencomparedwithadultswhograduatedfromseniorhighschoolorabove,thosewhodidnotcontinuetheireducationafterjuniorhighschool,primaryschool,orthosewhowereilliterate,weremorelikelytosufferfromVD,withanORof1.35(95%CI:1.51-1.59),1.84(95%CI:1.60-2.12),and2.63(95%CI:2.27-3.04),respectively.LowerlevelsofincomewerestatisticallysignificantwhenassociatedwithVD.Inruralareas,adultswhowereilliteratehadanORof2.21(95%CI:1.75-2.79)whencomparedtoadultswithseniorhighschooloraboveeducationlevel.Percapita,householdincomeremainedsignificantlyassociatedwithVD.Olderadultswhowere≥85,female,single,andresidinginruralareaswereassociatedwithhigherrisksofVD.CONCLUSION:Individual-levelSESamongtheelderly,intheformofeducationandincome,isassociatedwithVDamongelderlyChineseadultsinbothurbanandruralareas;however,theassociationisstrongerinruralareas.Furtherstudiesarestillrequiredtoex

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