简介：Casestudiesarepresentedfortwoconcretelinedchannelsshakenbystronggroundmotionsduringthe1994Northridgeearthquake,thehighspeedchannel(HSC)andbypasschannel(BC),ontheLosAngelesDepartmentofWaterandPower'sVanNormanComplex.Performancesofthesetwochannelsastheypassthroughdifferentsubsurfacematerialsidentifyseveralimportantseismicaspectsandthecriticalroleofgeotechnicalearthquakeengineeringinassessingchannelbehaviors.Preliminaryevaluationsusingdetailedmappingofchannelcracks,permanentgroundmovements,subsurfaceprofiles,andnearbystronggroundmotionrecordingsfromthe1994earthquakeshowthatthechannellinersmayhavebeendamagedfrombothtransientmotionsandpermanentgroundmovements.Damagefrompermanentgrounddeformationsisobviousbyobservation;thereforesimplifiedanalysesarepresentedonlyfortransientmovements.SitespecifictransientresponseanalysesareperformedtoprovideaninitialassessmentofthedifferingeffectsfromtransientandpermanentgroundmovementsonHSCandBClinerdamage.Thesecasestudiesarehelpfulforintroducingthepotentialforlifelinedamagefromtransientmovementswithinzonesofpermanentgroundmovement,aconceptnotwellunderstoodintheearthquakeengineeringcommunity.

简介：InseismichazardanalysisofnuclearpowerplantofChinathereisaneedtoidentifybothseismogenicstructuresandseismotectoniczones.Inpastpractice,theidentificationoftheseismogenicstructureswasoftenbasedonthesurfaceactivefaultsandcharacterizationoflinearseismicsource.Inasituationwhichshowsquitestrongnon-randomseismicactivityandlackssurfaceactivefaults,itisdifficulttoevaluatetheseismichazardreasonably.TakingseismogenicstructuresintheDayao-Yao’anareaasacasestudyinthispaper,wediscusstheneedandthepossibilitytoapplytheplanarseismogenicstructuretotheseismotectonicmethod.Wesuggestthattheplanarseismogenicstructureshouldbeconsideredwhenapplyingtheseismotectonicmethodtotheseismicriskassessmentofnuclearengineeringinfuture.

简介：TheelectrondensityrecordedonboardtheDEMETERsatellitewasanalyzedtosearchforpossibleanomaliesbeforeearthquakesbothinspaceandtime.Todistinguishpre-earthquakeanomaliesfromtheotheranomaliesrelatedtogeomagneticactivity,datawerefilteredusingtheK_pindex.Theanalysisisbasedonthecomparisonofdatarecordedcloselytoearthquakesinspaceandtimeandpastdataforthesamearea.InanalyzingdataaroundthetimeandlocationofthePu'erandWenchuanearthquakes,obviousanomaliesinelectrondensitywerefoundclosetotheepicenters,andsomeremarkabledisturbancesweredetectedbeforetheearthquakesoccurred.Theresultswerefinallycomparedwiththoseofpreviousworksthatusedthesamedatabutemployeddifferentanalysismethods.Goodagreementwasfoundwhichsuggeststhattheseanomalieshaveacloserelationtotheearthquakepreparation.

简介：作为爆炸的最批评的公共危险，地面颤动从社区收到了许多注意。压制颤动的确定的国家标准在结构上影响的许多国家，而是人的安全上的一个接受世界的爆炸颤动标准仍然失踪。以便从爆炸评估人的反应到颤动在中国的一个大规模岩石斜坡的挖掘，这研究试图建议一个修订标准。颤动频率被介绍改进存在单个因素(山峰粒子速度)标准由矿(USBM)的美国局推荐了。新标准的可行性基于领域颤动监视和人的反应的调查被检查。而且，人上的空气过压或强风效果也被讨论了。结果显示影响的全部地区能被划分成三subzones：严重烦恼，轻烦恼并且感觉地区根据修订安全标准。建筑公司和本地居民在这个影响度评价以后提供了积极评价，它显示介绍标准对评估人的反应到附近的强风合适。不过，在它能是以前，这个特定的标准需要更多的领域测试和确认

简介：Mostpublishedstudiesoninelasticearthquakeresponseofnon-symmetricbuildingsarebasedonsimplifiedinelastic,highlyidealizedmodels,whilegeneralconclusionsregardingtheinelastictorsionalresponseofmultistorybuildingarestilllacking.Thispaperaimstoprovideausefulcontributioninthestudyofthetorsionalresponseofrealirregularbuildings.Tothisaim,themanuscriptreportsthecomprehensivestudyontheseismicvulnerabilityofanirregularRCbuilding:thehospitalbuildingofAvezzano(L’AquilaItaly).Forthismulti-storybuilding,whichisirregularinbothplanandelevation,theapplicationofnonlinearstaticevaluationproceduresisbynomeansstraightforward.Thestudyproposesanonlinearstaticprocedurebasedonpushoveranalysisunderthemultimodaldistributionoflateralloadsandacapacityspectrummethod.Thispushoverprocedureaccountsformassdistribution,highermodescontributionandmode-shapescorrelation.Furthermore,duetoitsnon-iterativefeature,itavoidsproblemsofnon-convergenceandmultiplesolutionsoftheconventionalcapacityspectrummethod.Appliedtoarealcasestudy,theprocedureisusedtoinvestigate,ina3Dplanirregularbuilding,thesensitivityoftorsionalinelasticresponsetolateralforcedistribution,highermodescontribution,accidentaleccentricityandcontrolledpointformonitoringthetargetdisplacement.

简介：Earthquakeengineershavemadealotofeffortstoderiveacomprehensivesetofclosedformexpressionsforperformanceevaluationofframes,whicharealreadypresentedinguidelinessuchasSAC/FEMA.Theseanalyticalexpressionshavebeendevelopedtoestimatetheannualprobabilityofexceedingalimitstate.Intheprocessofsuchseismicassessments,someessentialassumptionsareadoptedtosimplifytheprocess.Oneofthesefundamentalassumptionsdeclaresthatdriftdemandatanyseismicintensitylevelfollowsalognormaldistributionarounditsmedian.Toinvestigatethevalidityofthisassumption,thispaperdescribesacasestudyofthetypesoferrorsthatcouldbeproducedbyusingthesamplemedianasthecentraltendency.BasedontheMaximumLikelihoodEstimationmethodaswellasotherstatisticalevidence,thispaperproposestheuseofthesamplegeometricmeaninsteadofthesamplemedianforthecentraltendency.Further,theresultsofseismicreliabilityevaluationsof4sampleframesarecomparedbasedonutilizingboththegeometricmeanandthesamplemedian.Inthisprocess,bothfirstandsecondorderpowerlawfitsofthehazardcurveareimplementedtocomparetheeffectsofhazardestimationandtheselectionofthecentraltendencyonthefinalresults.Itisobservedintheapplicationexamplethatthesamplegeometricmeancouldleadtomoreaccurateresults.

简介：Wepresentanexampleofusingconverted-wavesforcharacterizingonshoregasreservoirsintheOrdosbasininNorthwestChina.TheOrdosbasinisthelargestgasprovinceinChina.Themaingasreservoirs(about3300mindepth)areinupperPaleozoicsandstonethathasloworreversedP-waveimpedanceandisimmediatelyaboveacoalseam.ThismakesitverydifficulttoimagethegasreservoirsusingconventionalP-wavedata.Analysisofcore,logandVSPdatashowsaweakPPreflectionbutarelativelystrongPS-convertedwavereflection,orbothstrongPP-andPS-reflectionsbutwithoppositepolarityfromthegasbearingsands,whichindicatesthepotentialofusingPS-wavestoimagethegasreservoirsintheOrdosbasin.Subsequently,thirteenseismiclineswereacquired,processedandinterpretedtoverifythePP-andPS-responses,andtwocorrespondingattributes(PP-andPS-amplituderatioandpolarityratio)areusedtomapthereser-voirsthroughjointPPandPSanalysis.

简介：Inhighlypopulatedurbancenters,traditionalseismicsurveysourcescannolongerbeproperlyappliedduetorestrictionsinmoderncivilianlifestyles.Theambientvibrationnoise,includingbothmicroseismsandmicrotremor,thougharegenerallyweakbutavailableanywhereandanytime,canbeanidealsupplementarysourceforconductingseismicsurveysforengineeringseismologyandearthquakeengineering.Thisisfundamentallysupportedbyadvanceddigitalsignalprocessingtechniquesforeffectivelyextractingtheusefulinformationoutfromthenoise.Thus,itcanbeessentiallyregardedasapassiveseismicmethod.Inthispaperwefirstmakeabriefsurveyoftheambientvibrationnoise,followedbyaquicksummaryofdigitalsignalprocessingforpassiveseismicsurveys.ThentheapplicationsofambientnoiseinengineeringseismologyandearthquakeengineeringforurbansettingsareillustratedwithexamplesfromBeijingmetropolitanarea.Forengineeringseismologytheexampleistheassessmentofsiteeffectinalargeareaviamicrotremorobservations.Forearthquakeengineeringtheexampleisforstructuralcharacterizationofatypicalreinforcedconcretehigh-risebuildingusingbackgroundvibrationnoise.Byshowingtheseexampleswearguethattheambientnoisecanbetreatedasanewsourcethatiseconomical,practical,andparticularlyvaluabletoengineeringseismologyandearthquakeengineeringprojectsforseismichazardmitigationinurbanareas.

简介：Artificialearthquakecataloguesimulationisoneofthewaystoeffectivelyimprovetheincompletenessoftheexistingearthquakecatalogue,thescarcityoflargeearthquakerecordsandtheimprovementofseismologicalresearch.BasedonthePoissondistributionmodelofseismicactivityandtheGutenberg-Richtermagnitude-frequencyrelationship,theMonteCarlomethodwhichcandescribethecharacteristicsofthestochasticnatureandthephysicalexperimentprocessisused.ThispapersimulatesthefutureseismiccataloguesoftheFenhe-Weiheseismicbeltofdifferentdurationsandconductsstatisticaltestsonthem.TheanalysisshowsthatthesimulationcataloguemeetsthesetseismicactivityparametersandmeetsthePoissondistributionhypothesis,whichcanobtainabettersimulatedearthquakecataloguesthatmeetstheseismicactivitycharacteristics.Accordingtothesimulatedearthquakecatalogues,futureearthquaketrendsinthisregionareanalyzedtoprovidereferenceforseismichazardanalysis.

简介：Thesatelliteremotesensinghasbecomeapromisingtechniquefordetectingearthquakeandfaultactivities.Butitisstillverydifficulttoexactlyextracttheearthquakeanomalyfromthecomplicatedremotesensinginformation.Thispaperpresentedatwo-stepmethodtoextracttheseismicmicrowaveradiationanomalyrelatedwithearthquake,whichcouldeliminatethestableinfluenceofgeography,terrain,coversphereandseasons,aswellastherandominfluenceofweather.Furthermorethetwo-stepmethodwasappliedtoanalyzetheanomalyofWenchuanearthquakebasedonthedataofAMSR-E.Microwaveradiationanomalieswereeffectivelydetectedrelatedtothemainshockandaftershocks.Theextractedmicrowaveradiationvariationshowedgeneralfeaturesofthree-stage:thepositiveradiationanomalyappearedaroundtheepicenterinthefirststage,quietvariationinthesecondstage,andabnormalareagraduallymovedtotheepicenterinthethirdstage.AfterthemainshockthemicrowaveradiationanomaliesdistributedalongtheLongmenshanfaults,andtheepicentersofaftershockswerecoincidentwiththeanomalyareainspace.

简介：StaticCoulombstresschangeinducedbyearthquakeslipisfrequentlyusedtoexplainearthquakeactivitiesandaftershockdistribution.However,someparametersfortheCoulombstresscalculationareunabletobewellconstrainedfromlaboratoryexperimentsandfieldobservations.DifferentparametersmaydirectlyaffectthepatternofstaticCoulombstress.ThestaticCoulombstresschangesinducedbytheWenchuanearthquakecalculatedbysixresearchgroupsarenotconsistentwitheachother.Toinvestigatehowtheparametersaffectthecalculationresults,wechangetheparametersinturnthroughmodelingandcomparetheresultsofdifferentcalculationparameters.Wefindthatgravity,positionandstrikeofreceiverfaultshavelittleinfluenceoncoseismicCoulombstresscalculations,butotherparameterscanchangethevalueandsignoftheresultsinvariousdegreesespeciallyaroundtheearthquakeruptureplane.ThereforetheuncertaintyanalysisofstaticCoulombstresschangeinducedbyearthquakeshouldbetakenintoconsiderationintheearthquakehazardanalysis.

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简介：在这研究，充分的理由运动记录(SGMR)选择基于希腊语字母的第七字()作为一光谱形状指示物是适用于钢braced框架结构被调查了。为目标Epsilon的定义的概率的地震危险崩溃分析()并且目标希腊语字母的第七字()在不同危险层次的价值被介绍，适当地考虑选择了SGMR。脆弱曲线为相应于在计划有重要不规则的典型的钢braced框架的三个代表性的模型的不同限制状态被开发，借助于一个加权的损坏索引。结果显示出那光谱形状指示物在预言的中部的结构的能力上有重要效果，并且另外参数比与适当价值寻找记录是损坏的一个更柔韧的预言者。