简介:ThedistributionofmonthlymeanerrorofNMCmodelforecastsanditsseasonalvariationareinvesti-gated.Theratioofmonthlymeanerrortostandarddeviationisusedheretofindoutthattheregionwhereacorrectionofsystematicerrorisneededandappropriateismainlyinlowlatitudes.Theimprovement,afterthemodel’sverticalresolutionandsomephysicalparameterswerechangedfromApril1985,isinvestigated,andtheNMCoperationalmodelforecastshavealsocomparedwiththoseofECMWF.
简介:AftertheKyotoProtocolwasimplemented,carbonleakageexertsgreatinfluencesoninternationaltradeandeconomy.Tradecreatesamechanismforconsumerstoshiftenvironmentalpollutionassociatedwiththeirconsumptiontoothercountries.ChinahasovertakentheU.S.astheworld'sbiggestCO2emittersince2006.AsChina'ssecondlargesttradepartner,theU.S.hasthebiggesttradedeficitwithChinawhichhasarousedalotofdisputesbetweenthetwoparties.ButsofartheassessmentsofthetradeimbalanceofChina-U.S.havepaidlittleattentiontoenvironmentalimpactsassociatedwiththetradeimbalance.Appliedaninput-outputapproach,thearticleestimatestheamountofCO2embodiedinChina-U.S.tradeduring1997-2007.ItwasfoundthatthroughtradewithChina,theU.S.reduceditsCO2emissionscomparedwithanon-tradescenario.Duetothegreatercarbon-intensityandrelativelylessefficientproductionprocessesofChineseindustry,China-U.S.traderesultedinmoreCO2emissionsinChinaandtheworld.Intheend,thearticlegivessomesuggestions:itisequalandsustainablethattheinternationalaccountingmethodologiesshouldbeimproved,forCO2emissionsresponsibilitymustbedesignedtoaccountforthedynamicnatureofinternationaltrade.
简介:摘要:分部积分法是解决积分问题的常用方法,但u和dv选择不正确就难解出题目,所以恰当的选择u和dv是运用分部积分法解题的关键。本文将被积函数中u和dv的选择固化,解决选择的困惑。
简介:Likeabigrockthrownintothepondofcurrentinternationalpowerconfiguration,theeventofSeptember11revealedtheturbulentundercurrentsbeneathitsseeminglytranquilsurface.ThesplashdowneffecthasspreadbeyondtheUnitedStatestoreacheverycornerofourplanet.Ithastriggeredrealignmentinbigpowerrelationsandwillhaveitsfar-
简介:SomechangeshaveindeedtakenplaceininternationalsituationfromSeptember11toIraqwar.Changesinbigpowerrelationsinparticularhavegivenfoodforthought.TodayⅠwouldliketofocusonthechangesintherelationsamongChina,RussiaandtheUnitedStatesaswellasmyconsiderationofChina’sdiplomacy.Whenwetalkaboutchangesintherelationsamongthethreena