简介：[1]BattistiDS.1988.Thedynamicsand

简介：Theharmonicanalysismethodbasedonhighandlowwaterlevelsisdiscussedinthispaper.Inordertomakefulluseoftheinformationofhighandlowwaterobservations(thetimederivativeofwaterlevelattheobservationtimeiszero),theweightcoefficient,w,isintroducedtocontroltheimportanceofthepartrelatedtothisinformationintheerrorformula.Themajordiurnalconstituents,O1andK1,andsemi-diurnalconstituents,N2,M2andS2areselecteddirectlyfromthemonthlydataanalysis,andsomeotherimportantconstituents,P1,v2andK2,areincludedastheinferredconstituents.Theobtainedharmonicconstantsofthemajorconstituentsareveryclosetothoseobtainedfromtheanalysisofhourlydata,andthisshowsthathighandlowwaterdatacanbeusedtoextracttidalconstantswithhighaccuracy.Theanalysisresultalsoshowsthattheinferenceandtheweightingcoefficientareimportantinthehighandlowwaterdataanalysis,anditissuggestedthatw≥1shouldbetakeninmonthlyhighandlowwaterdataanalysis.Thisanalysismethodcanbeuseddirectlytoanalyzealtimetricdatawithw=0.

简介：Inthispaper,anewbiasestimationmethodisproposedandappliedinaregionalensembleKalmanfilter(EnKF)basedontheWeatherResearchandForecasting(WRF)Model.Themethodisbasedonahomogeneouslinearbiasmodel,andthemodelbiasisestimatedusingstatisticsateachassimilationcycle,whichisdifferentfromthestateaugmentationmethodsproposedinpreviousliteratures.Thenewmethodprovidesagoodestimationforthemodelbiasofsomespecificvariables,suchassealevelpressure(SLP).AseriesofnumericalexperimentswithEnKFareperformedtoexaminethenewmethodunderasevereweathercondition.Resultsshowthepositiveeffectofthemethodontheforecastingofcirculationpatternandmeso-scalesystems,andthereductionofanalysiserrors.ThebackgrounderrorcovariancestructuresofsurfacevariablesandtheeffectsofmodelsystembiasonEnKFarealsostudiedundertheerrorcovariancestructuresandanewconcept‘correlationscale’isintroduced.However,thenewmethodneedsfurtherevaluationwithmorecasesofassimilation.

简介：Physicalpropertiesofseawater,suchassalinity,temperature,densityandacousticvelocity,couldbedemarcatedthroughdegradationofenergycausedbywaterabsorption,attenuationandotherfactors.Toovercomethechallengingdifficultiesinthequickmonitoringofthesephysicalproperties,wehaveexploredthehighresolutionmarineseismicsurveytoinstantlycharacterizethem.Basedontheuniquewavefieldpropagatingintheseawater,wehavedevelopedanewapproachtosuppressthenoisecausedbytheshallowseawaterdisturbanceandobtainusefulinformationforestimatingtheseawaterstructure.Thisapproachimprovesseismicdatawithhighsignal-to-noiseratioandresolution.Theseismicreflectionimagingcanmaptheseawaterstructureacoustically.Combinedwiththeknowledgeoflocalwaterbodystructureprofileoveryears,theinstantmodelforpredictingtheseawaterpropertiescouldbebuiltusingtheseismicdataacquiredfromthespeciallydesignedhighprecisionmarineseismicacquisition.Thismodelcanalsobeupdatedwithinstantobservationandthecompletedataprocessingsystem.Thepresentstudyhasthepotentialvaluetomanyapplications,suchas3Dseawatermonitoring,engineeringevaluation,geologicaldisasterassessmentandenvironmentalassessment.

简介：基于在里面situ在中国的Bohai海的光大小，属于一个典型case-2水区域，我们学习了象它的空间分发那样的DCM(深叶绿素最大值)的特征，垂直侧面，等等。我们发现当叶绿素最大值的深度是比较地小的时，甚至在混浊的沿海的水区域，总是在蓝绿色的光谱带在叶绿素最大值和收到thesatellite的信号的集中之间有好关联；关联在表面叶绿素集中和收到卫星的信号之间比那甚至好。如果在中国的Bohai海的叶绿素集中的竖直分布的全面知识是可得到的，甚至在混浊的沿海的水区域存在的强壮的关联显示检索DCM的集中的一张海洋分涂参考图能为沿海的水被构造。

简介：Thechlorophyll-aconcentrationisgenerallyoverestimatedforthesouthemChinacoastalwatersifthedefaultalgorithmoftheSeaDASisemployed.Analgorithmisdevelopedforretrievalofchlorophyll-aconcentrationintheZhujiangEstuary,GuangdongProvince,China,byusingsimulatedreflectancedata.ThesimulatedreflectanceiscalculatedcorrespondingtotheSeaWiFSwavelengthbands,viaageneralmodelbyinputtingmeasuredwatercomponents,I.e.,thesuspendedsediment,chlorophyll-a,andyellowsubstance(DOC)concentrationdataof130samples.Empiricalrelationshipsofthechlorophyll-aconcentrationto240differentbandcombinationsareinvestigatedbasedonthesimulatedreflectancedata,andthebandcombination,R5R6/R3R4,isfoundtobetheoptimumoneforthedevelopmentofanalgorithmvalidfortheZhujiangEstuary.Thisalgorithmisthenemployedtodeterminethechlorophyll-aconcentrationfromSeaWiFSdata.TheestimatedconcentrationshaveabetteraccuracythanthoseobtainedfromtheSeaDASdefaultalgorithmwhencomnparedwithseatruthdata.Thenewalgorithmisdemonstratedtoworkwellandisusedtoderiveaseriesofimagemapsofthechlorophyll-aconcentrationdistributionfortheZhujiangEstuaryandadjacentcoastalareas.

简介：Internalwavesplayacrucialroleinoceanmixing,anddensityperturbationandenergyfluxareessentialquantitiestoinvestigatethegenerationandpropagationofinternalwaves.Thispaperpresentsamethodologyforcalculatingdensityperturbationandenergyfluxofinternalwavesonlyusingavelocityfieldthatisbasedonlinearizedequationsforinternalwaves.ThemethodwastestedbynumericalsimulationsofinternalwavesgeneratedbytidalflowingoveraGaussiantopographyinastratifiedfluid.Thedensityperturbationsandenergyfluxesdeterminedusingourmethodthatonlyusedvelocitydataagreedwithdensityperturbationsandenergyfluxesdeterminedbytheequationofstatebasedontemperaturedata.Themeanrelativeerror（MRE）androotmeansquareerror（RMSE）betweenthetwomethodswerelowerthan5%and10%respectively.Inaddition,anexperimentwasperformedtoexamourmethodusingthevelocityfieldmeasuredbyParticleImageVelocimetry（PIV）,andthesetupoftheexperimentisconsistentwiththenumericalmodel.TheresultsoftheexperimentscalculatedbythemethodsusingPIVdatawerealsogenerallyequaltothoseofthenumericalmodel.

简介：The21stcentury'MaritimeSilkRoad'strategyisasignificantpartofthebeltandroadinitiativesofChina.Thecognitionandinvestigationofoceanenvironmentisessentialandnecessaryintheseregionswhichwillprovidescientificreferenceformanyfieldssuchasnavigation,oceanengineering,anddisasterpreventandreduction.Ahigh-resolutioncross-calibratedmulti-platformwindproductisusedtoanalyzegalesovertheMaritimeSilkRoad.Theyearlymeanspeedandspacedistributionofgale,andthefrequenciesandtrendsofgaleandextremewindspeedareanalyzed.TheresultsshowthatrelativelyhighpoolsofgalearemainlylocatedinthewatersoftheArabianSea,theSomaliSea,Indo-ChinaPeninsulaseaarea,andBayofBengalinthesummer.ThegalefrequencyoftheSomaliSeaismorethan90%.Overall,thegaledaysincreaseyearbyyearinthemajorityoftheSouthChinaSeaandthenorthernIndianOcean,especiallyintheautumnandthewinter.

简介：ByimplementingtheARGOprogram,alargenumberofT-Sprofilescanbeobservedintheworldocean.However,itisverydifficulttoexaminechangesofthesensitivityofthesensorsequippedattheARGOfloats,becauseitisdifficulttounderstandtheirconditionintheseaandthereliabilityofthedata.Qualitycontrolmustbedoneinordertoavoidthewrongconclusiondeducedfromthewrongdata.OneoftherealisticmethodsforqualitycontroloftheARGOdataisthecomparisonwiththelocalclimatology.HighqualityclimatologicalT-SmodelsinnorthwestPacifichavebeenbuiltbasedontheNansenbottledataandCTDdataforthequalitycontrolinNMDIS.ThemodelsareusedtochecktheARGOdatainthisareaandhavegotgoodresult.

简介：

简介：Thevariabilityinglobaloceanicevaporationdatasetswasexaminedfortheperiod1988-2000.ThesedatasetsaresatelliteestimatesbasedonbulkaerodynamicformulationsandincludetheNASA/GoddardSpaceFlightCenterSatellite-basedSurfaceTurbulentFluxversion2(GSSTF2),theJapanese-oceanfluxusingremotesensingobservations(J-OFURO),andtheHamburgOcean-AtmosphereParametersandFluxesfromSatelliteversion2(HOAPS2).TheNationalCenterforEnvironmentalPrediction(NCEP)reanalysisisalsoincludedforcomparison.Anincreaseinglobalaveragesurfacelatentheatflux(SLHF)canbeobservedinallthedatasets.Empiricalmodedecomposition(EMD)showslong-termincreasesthatstartedaround1990forallremotesensingdatasets.TheeffectofMt.Pinatuboeruptionin1991isclearlyevidentinHOAPS2butisindependentofthelong-termincrease.Linearregressionanalysesshowincreasesof9.4%,13.0%,7.3%,and3.9%forGSSTF2,J-OFURO,HOAPS2andNCEP,fortheperiodsofthedatasets.Empiricalorthogonalfunction(EOF)analysesshowthatthepatternofthefirstEOFofalldatasetsisconsistentwithadecadalvariationassociatedwiththeenhancementofthetropicalHadleycirculation,whichissupportedbyothersatelliteobservations.ThesecondEOFofallfourdatasetsisanENSOmode,andthecorrelationsbetweentheirtimeseriesandanSOIare0.74,0.71,0.59,and0.61forGSSTF2,J-OFURO,HOAPS2,andNCEPinthatorder.WhentheHadleymodesareremovedfromtheremotesensingdata,theresidueglobalincreasesarereducedto2.2%,7.3%,and<1%forGSSTF2,J-OFUROandHOAPS,respectively.IftheENSOmodeisusedasacalibrationstandardforthedatasets,theHadleymodeisatleastcomparableto,ifnotlargerthan,theENSOmodeduringourstudyperiod.

简介：ToretrievewindfieldfromSARimages,thedevelopmentforsurfacewindfieldretrievalfromSARimagesbasedontheimprovementofnewinversionmodelispresent.GeophysicalModelFunctions(GMFs)havebeenwidelyappliedforwindfieldretrievalfromSARimages.AmongthemCMOD4hasagoodperformanceunderlowandmoderatewindconditions.AlthoughCMOD5isdevelopedrecentlywithamorefundamentalbasis,ithasambiguityofwindspeedandashapegradientofnormalizedradarcrosssectionunderlowwindspeedcondition.ThisstudyproposesamethodofwindfieldretrievalfromSARimagebycombiningCMOD5andCMOD4FiveVV-polarisationRADARSAT2SARimagesareimplementedforvalidationandtheretrievalresultsbyacombinationmethod(CMOD5andCMOD4)togetherwithCMOD4GMFarecomparedwithQuikSCATwinddata.Theroot-mean-squareerror(RMSE)ofwindspeedis0.75ms-1withcorrelationcoefficient0.84usingthecombinationmethodandtheRMSEofwindspeedis1.01ms-1withcorrelationcoefficient0.72usingCMOD4GMFaloneforthosecases.TheproposedmethodcanbeappliedtoSARimageforavoidingtheinternaldefectinCMOD5underlowwindspeedcondition.

简介：ThedataofSeaWiFS(Sea-ViewingWideField-of-ViewSensor),installedonSeaStar,hasbeenusedtogenerateSSC(suspendedsedimentconcentration)ofcomplexandturbidcoastalwatersinChina.InviewoftheproblemsoftheSeaDAS(SeaWiFSDataAnalysisSystem)algorithmappliedtoChinacoastalwaters,anewatmosphericcorrectionalgorithmisdiscussed,developed,andusedfortheSSCofEastChinacoastalwaters.Theadvantagesofthenewalgorithmaredescribedthroughthecomparisonoftheresultsfromdifferentalgorithms.

简介：SeasonalvariationandtopographyofthemixedlayerintheSeaofJapanarestudiedbycomparisonofresultsfromlong-termobservationdataanalysisandfromnumericalsimulationwiththeMHIoceanicmodel(Shapiro.1998.MarineHydrophysicalJournal,6:26～40).ThedataareretrievedfromOceanographicAtlasoftheBeringSea,OkhotskSea,andJapan/EastSea(Rostov,Rostov,Dmitrieva,etal.2003.PacificOceanography,1(1):70～72).Thesimulatedandlong-termpatternsarecompared.Animpactofsurfacebuoyancyflux,wind,andconvergence/divergenceofsurfacecurrentsuponthemixedlayerintheSeaofJapanisanalyzed.

简介：Amodelbasedonthedatafromforcedvibrationexperimentsisdevelopedforpredictingthevortex-inducedvibrations(VIV)ofelasticallymountedcircularcylindersinflow.Theassumptionsforfreeandforcedvibrationtestsareexploredbriefly.Energyequilibriumistakenintoaccounttosetuptherelationshipbetweenthedynamicresponseofself-excitedoscillationsandtheforcecoefficientsfromforcedvibrationexperiments.Thegapbetweenthesetwocasesisbridgedstraightforwardlywithcarefultreatmentofkeyparameters.Givenreducedmassmandmaterialdampingratioζofanelasticallymountedcircularcylinderinflow,theresponsecharacteristicssuchasamplitude,frequency,lock-inrange,addedmasscoefficient,cross-flowfluidforceandthecorrespondingphaseanglecanbepredictedallatonce.InstanceswithdifferentcombinationofreducedmassandmaterialdampingratioarecomparedtoinvestigatetheireffectsonVIV.Thehysteresisphenomenoncanbeinterpretedreasonably.ThepredictionsandtheresultsfromrecentexperimentscarriedoutbyWilliamson'sgroupareinrathergoodagreement.

简介：珊焊是一个sensitive-to-environment建筑群水兵生态系统。珊瑚的Theecosystem富于生物多样性。遥感为分类珊焊提供一个强大的工具并且是大多数费用-有效途径为大-规模礁石调查。DongshaAtoll，有10m的平均深度的超过300km~2，在华南海的北大陆人边缘被定位。它被在最近的十年期间的破坏钓鱼滥用了。三卫星形象(Quickbird2，ETM+和SPOT5)被用来评估能力ofSPOT5形象提供为在那里分类珊焊的当前的分发是有用的数据。在处理的数据期间，无指导的分类功能为ETM+和SPOT5数据被采用，当监督分类方法被用于Quickbird2时。班是()合并了进珊焊，然后将被vectorization，简化，和拓扑的分析操作。有比有3x3pixels在的察觉限制的100m大的1331珊焊多-Quickbird2的乐队数据，它作为比较基线被拿。从SPOT5和ETM图象提取的Theresults比从theQuickbird2图象的那些是在数字和区域的更少，而从SPOT5数据的结果由于它的更高的分辨率比在淤泥的泻湖的ETM数据的那些好。因为它的差的穿入能力，SPOT5x乐队2没能与ETM数据相比在环礁内区分深底层。仅仅看到x乐队1cannot被用来把珊焊区分开来与沙底部。多合并SPOT5-有SPOT5平底锅的空间分辨率的乐队数据-数据并且指ETM形象被期望提供一颗最佳的卫星-为珊焊印射的基于的途径。

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简介：TheSouthChinaSea(SCS)andtheArabianSea(AS)arebothlocatedroughlyinthenorthtropicalzonewitharangeofsimilarlatitude(0°–24°N).Monsoonwindsplaysimilarrolesintheupperoceaniccirculationsofthebothseas.Butthedistinctpatternsofchlorophylla(Chla)concentrationareobservedbetweentheSCSandtheAS.TheChlaconcentrationintheSCSisgenerallylowerthanthatintheASinsummer(June–August);thesummerChlaconcentrationintheASshowsstrongerinterannualvariation,comparedwiththatintheSCS;Moderateresolutionimagingspectroradiometer(MODIS)-deriveddatapresenthigheratmosphericaerosoldepositionandstrongerwindspeedintheAS.Andithasalsobeenfoundthatgoodcorrelationsexistbetweentheindexofthedustprecipitationindicatedbyaerosolopticalthickness(AOT)andtheChlaconcentration,orbetweenwindandChlaconcentration.TheseimplythatthewindandthedustprecipitationbringmorenutrientsintotheASfromthesky,thesub-layerorcoastregions,inducinghigherChlaconcentration.TheresultsindicatethatthewindvelocityandthedustprecipitationcanplayimportantrolesintheChlaconcentrationfortheASandtheSCSinsummer.HoweveraerosolimpactisweakonthebiologicalproductivityinthewestSCSandwind-inducedupwellingisthemainsource.

简介：Inthisstudy,about220satelliteimagesbetween2000and2012wereobtainedfromFY-series,MODIS,CBERS,HJ-1AandHJ-1BtoestimatetheimpactofduststormsontheSouthYellowSea(SYS),whichserveasanimportantsourceofparticlesthere.Theanalyzingresultsfromtheimagessupportatotaloccurrenceof88duststorms(includingthelocally-generateddustyweather)thataffectedtheSYSduring2000–2012.Theannualoccurrencewasabout4–10times(10timesin2000and2004;fourtimesin2009and2012),predominantlyinMarch(29%),April(33%)andMay(22%).Bymappingthedistributionoftheirfrequency,theduststormsinfluencingtheSYSwerefoundprimarilymovingfromthenorthwest(39times,44.3%)andwest(37times,42%)tothestudyregionwithonly11duststorms(12.5%)comingfromthenorthand1duststorm(1%)fromthesouthwest.Weestimatedthatanannualamountof0.5–3.5milliontonsofsedimentparticleswasbroughttotheSYSbytheduststormsduring2000–2012.

简介：在现在的文章，我们介绍产品每天由海洋科技(KIOST)的朝鲜研究所产生了的高分辨率海表面温度(SST)。SST产品包括1km分辨率的八小时、每日的平均SST数据由数据的四个集合组成，并且基于四红外线(红外)卫星SST数据由先进很高的分辨率辐射计(AVHRR)获得了，中等分辨率成像分光辐射函数(MODIS)，多功能的运输Satellites-2(MTSAT-2)成像器和气象学的成像器，扫描辐射计2的先进微波(AMSR2)获得的二微波辐射计SST，和WindSAT与(MI)在原处温度这些输入卫星并且在原处，SST数据被使用最佳的插值(OI)合并算法。卫星并且在原处的root-mean-square-errors(RMSE)数据在OI算法被用作weighting价值。作为一个飞行员产品，四个SST数据集合每天从1月被产生到2013年12月。在在系在的浮标测量的SST和每天吝啬的KIOSTSST之间的比较，估计的RMSE是0.71yconcentr睰?睰吗？？