简介:<正>洪迈《夷坚志》支戊卷五《任道元》条:"淳熙十三年上元之夕,北城居民相率建黄籙大醮于张君者庵内,请任为高功。"黄丕烈校:"者"字疑误,吕本作"张道者庵"。这一例中的"者"确实有些眼生,故黄氏疑误而吕本径改。这是由于这种用法的"者"在先秦两汉以及后来的八家派古文中确属罕见。但是,即在秦汉典籍中,这种用法的"者"字也不是绝无仅有的。吕叔湘先生说:"在历史上,‘者’很早就有兼并‘之’字的趋势。"举例有《战国策》的"闻弦者音烈而高飞"、《汉书艺文志》的"农家者流"等。同时指出,唐宋口语中出现的"底"字,实际上兼有"之"、"者"二字的作用,只是文人为避俗就雅,笔下仍往往作"者"。举有寒山诗"麦地占他家,竹园皆我者"等例(《汉语语法论文集》新版
简介:摘要阴阳两纲是八纲辨证的总纲,“寒、热”为阴阳之两端。阴阳的相对性是“红痛”寒热辨证的分层认识的基础,“红、痛”程度一致是阳中之阳,“红、痛”程度相离是阳中之阴;阴阳的对立统一辩证法可使复杂的病理产物寒热辨识简单化;阴阳相根相制有助认识寒热真假的本质和表像。
简介:<正>“穷”在古今汉语中都是一个常用词,但由于时代的不同,其词义也有变化。“穷”在古代常常和“达”形成一对反义词。如:1.予闻世谓诗人少达而多穷2.盖世所传诗者,多出于古穷人之辞也述例句(皆出自《古文观止·梅圣俞诗集序》)中,第1例的“穷”和“达”构成了一对反义词,第2上例中,只有“穷”没有“达”,但从文章的意思看,他们都是“达”的反义词,都指“不得志”、“没有出路”、“处境困难”等。由于对“穷”的古义缺乏正确的认识,致使有些译注古书的著作对“穷”字的解释欠妥,如安徽教育出版社出版的《古文观止全译》,就把这二句中的“穷”解释为“穷苦”。其译文
简介: [摘要 ] 目的 研究分析糖尿病肾病患者接受中医辩证治疗的临床效果,为临床治疗提供可靠的依据。方法 2015年 5月— 2016年 5月该院接收了糖尿病肾病患者 90例,将患者分组为对照组和观察组,均有 45例,两组患者接受了常规糖尿病治疗,对照组患者接受常规饮食指导,观察组患者接受中医辩证治疗,对两组患者进行饮食干预 8周,对两组的干预前后生化指标进行对比分析。结果 对患者采取干预措施前,两组患者的空腹血糖( FBG)、餐后 2 h血糖( 2 h PBG)、血肌酐( SCr)和血尿素氮( BUN)对比差异无统计学意义( P>0.05)。结论 糖尿病患者接受中医辨证施治的效果比较优秀,患者的临床生化指标获得了较大的改善,病情得到了控制,值得推广使用。 [关键词 ] 中医;辨证施膳;糖尿病肾病 [abstract] Objective To study and analyze the clinical effect of dialectical treatment of diabetic nephropathy patients with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), so as to provide reliable basis for clinical treatment. Methods From May 2015 to May 2016, 90 patients with diabetic nephropathy were admitted to the hospital. The patients were divided into control group and observation group. There were 45 patients in both groups. The patients in the two groups received routine diabetes treatment, the patients in the control group received routine dietary guidance, and the patients in the observation group received dialectical treatment of traditional Chinese medicine. The two groups were given dietary intervention for 8 weeks. The biochemical indexes before and after the intervention were compared. Analysis. Results Before intervention, there was no significant difference in fasting blood glucose (FBG), postprandial blood glucose (2h PBG), serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) between the two groups (P > 0.05). ConclusionThe effect of TCM treatment based on differentiation of symptoms and signs in diabetic patients is excellent. The clinical biochemical indexes of patients have been greatly improved and their condition has been controlled. It is worth popularizing.