简介:Objective:Toobservetherevascularizationandtheopportunityofcross-fingerflap.Methods:Ananimalmodelwasdevelopedtopermitdailymonitoringofneovascularizationoftheflapwithautoradiography,tissuetransparenttechnique,grossobservationandhistologicalexamination.Results:Therevascularizationoftheflapwaschieflyraisedfromthesurroundingtissues.Thepediclesof334cross-fingerflapsofthepatientsweresuccessfullydividedfrom1to5dafteroperations,averagely3.3d.Allofthecasesshowedsatisfatoryresultsaccordingtoafollow-upsurveyof3to72mon.theresultsfurtherprovedthattherevascularizationofthecross-fingerflapshadaccomplishedwithin3d.Conclusions:Itsuggeststhatthedivisionofacrossfingerflapcanbecarriedoutbetweenthe3rdand5thdayafteroperationwithahighdegreeofsafety.
简介:4HYDROPOWERDEVELOPMENT4.1Historyofhydropower4.1.1BeginningofthedevelopmentofhydropowerInJapan,1860to1890wasthcperiodofrapiddevelopmentofthemodemStateandtheestablishmentofcentralizedauthority.AfterconstructingtheframeworkforthemodemState,theGovernmentpursuedapolicyofeconomicmodernization.NewindustrieswerestimulatedbyestablishingGovernment-managed
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简介:RelationofopticalpropertiesinauniformfiberBragggrating(FBG)withitsgratingparametersandthelaserbeamengravingconditionsisanalyzed.TheprincipleandmethodfordesigningtheuniformFBGusedindensewavelengthdivisionmultiplexing(DWDM)systemisgiven.Byadoptingthedoubleexposuretechnique,withauniformphasemaskandGaussianlaserbeam,theuniformFBGusedinDWDMsystemisdesignedandengraved,whosebandwidthofthemainreflectionbandisabout0.4nmand0.7nmat-5dBand-25dBrespectively.
简介:Anewcontrolmodeisproposedforanetworkedcontrolsystemwhosenetwork-induceddelayislongerthanasamplingperiod.Atime-divisionalgorithmispresentedtoimplementthecontrolandforthemathematicalmodelingofsuchnetworkedcontrolsystem.Theinfinitehorizoncontrollerisdesigned,whichrendersthenetworkedcontrolsystemmeansquareexponentiallystable.Simulationresultsshowthevalidityoftheproposedtheory.
简介:<正>Inordertosolvethepracticaldifficultiesofruralhouseholdspracticingfamilyplanning,furtherimplementthepopulationandfamilyplanningprogramandpromotetheestablishmentofcoordinatedandharmoniouscommunitiesinruralareas,thecentralgovernmentlaunchedapilotprojecttorewardandsupportruralfamiliespracticingfamilyplanninginfivewesternprovincesandtencitiesin2004.In2005,thepilotsiteswereexpandedto23moreprovincesandpartsofShandongandTibet.
简介:Anoptimalpowerdistributionanalysisforanall-opticalsamplingorthagonalfrequencydivisionmultiplexing(OFDM)schemewithmultiplemodulationformatsincludingdiferentialphaseshiftkeyed(DPSK),diferentialquadraturephaseshiftkeyed(DQPSK),andnon-return-to-zero(NRZ)isproposed.Thenoisetolerancesofdifferentmodulationformatsareanalyzed,andtheoptimalinputpowerratiobetweenphaseandintensitymodulationformatsforthebestoverallreceivingperformanceisinvestigatedunderunchangedtotalinputpower.Moreover,thisschemecanseamlesslycoexistwiththetraditionalWDMchannel.
简介:一个简单二节的极化模式分散(PMD)赔偿者为多信道的PMD赔偿被建议,它能补偿二或甚至更多的隧道同时。因为统计特征和PMD的频率依赖,为有中等PMD的当前的单个模式纤维,所有隧道严重地同时被降级的概率是极其小的,它使补偿稠密的波长部门multiplexing(DWDM)可能有用这个赔偿者的中等PMD的传播系统。它被显示出停止概率一40?????$
简介:由认为城市的下水道网络的流动控制最小化抽水站的电消费,为精力积蓄的分解协作策略在这篇论文基于网络社区分割被开发。描绘城市的下水道网络的稳态流的一个数学模型首先被构造,由有作为限制捕获的结构交通能力的一套代数学的方程组成。因为下水道网络没一般来说有明显的自然层次结构,识别聚类的组是很困难的。通过计算每个边的between海角的一条快网络部门途径成功地被使用与任意的配置识别这些组和一个下水道网络然后能被分解成子网。由集成子网的联合限制,原来的问题根据网络分解被分开成N优化潜水艇问题。每个潜水艇问题局部地被解决,潜水艇问题的答案被协调形成一个适当全球答案。最后,到一个指定大规模下水道网络的一个应用程序也被调查表明建议算法的有效性。
简介:是的巨大的部门操作广泛地为象图形的处理那样的设备作为最昂贵的操作之一接受了联合起来的完美地匹配的层(CPML)算法受不了的卷绕旋转的平行加速(GPU),地可编程的门数组(FPGA)等等。在更高的效率和更低的电源消费的追求,这篇文章重游CPML理论并且建议了新快没有部门的平行CPML结构。由最佳地重排CPML内部重复进程,所有部门操作符能被recalculating消除并且代替脱机更新系数的相关的域。实验证明没有任何精确性损失,建议没有部门的结构能节省超过50%算术指令和传统的平行CPML结构的25%实行时间。
简介:页岩parasequence分析是顺序地层学sudies的重要部分。这篇论文为包括他们的描述,部门,特征和起源分析页岩parasequences建议了一个系统的研究方法。部门方法根据岩相被建立。多方法分析和相互的确认被使用辅助指示物实现(例如矿物质作文,geochemical指示物和小浪价值)。典型页岩parasequence包括加深水深度的更低的间隔和shallowing水深度的上面的间隔(例如,包括高总数的器官的碳(TOC)的页岩parasequenceshale-low-TOC胶的页岩)。黄铁矿内容的突然的增加,TOC价值,相对的烃产生潜力((S1+S2)/TOC),并且小浪价值parasequence边界是指示的。建议研究方法被使用学习上面在Dongying消沉的Shahejie形成的第四个成员,Bohai海湾盆。有parasequences的七种类型的结果表演发展了。单个的A和双结构化的parasequences被识别。控制页岩parasequences的发展的三个因素包括相对的湖水平变化,陆上的输入和违反被识别。high-TOC的发展(>2%)页岩parasequences被生物、化学的沉积主要控制。low-TOC(<2%)页岩parasequences被化学沉积主要扔。页岩parasequences的差异被包括气候,相对的湖水平变化,陆上的输入和紧急情况控制因素的四个学生引起(例如,违反)。
简介:Thispaperintroducesajointnonlinearityandchromaticdispersionpre-compensationmethodforcoherentopticalorthogonalfrequency-divisionmultiplexingsystems.Theresearchresultsshowthatthismethodcanreducethewalk-offeffectandcanthereforeequalizethenonlinearimpairmentseffectively.Comparedwiththeonlyotherexistingnonlinearitypre-compensationmethod,thejointnonlinearityandchromaticdispersionpre-compensationmethodisnotonlysuitableforlow-dispersionopticalorthogonalfrequency-divisionmultiplexingsystem,butalsoeffectiveforhigh-dispersionopticalorthogonalfrequency-divisionmultiplexingtransmissionsystemwithhigherinputpowerbutwithoutopticaldispersioncompensation.Thesuggestedsolutiondoesnotincreasecomputationcomplexitycomparedwithonlynonlinearitypre-compensationmethod.For40Gbit/scoherentopticalorthogonalfrequency-divisionmultiplexing20×80kmstandardsingle-modefibresystem,thesuggestedmethodcanimprovethenonlinearthreshold(forQ>10dB)about2.7,1.2and1.0dB,andthemaximumQfactorabout1.2,0.4and0.3dB,for2,8and16ps/(nm·km)dispersioncoefficients.
简介:QuantitativeassessmentoftreespeciesdiversityfromsampleplotsinsevenforestrangesofNayagarhForestDivisioninOdishastateintheEasternGhatsofIndiawasmadeduringtheperiodApril,2011toNovember,2013.Atotalof120transects(1000m95m)werelaidinNayagarh,Odogaon,Pancharida,Khandapada,Dasapalla,Mahipur,andGaniaforestrangesandtreestemsofatleast30cmGBHweremeasured.Theregenerationpotentialoftreeswasassessedfrom5m95msampleplotslocatedwithinthemaintransect.Atotalof177treespeciesbelongingto120generaand44familieswererecordedfromthestudyarea.Shorearobusta,Buchananialanzan,Lanneacoromandelica,TerminaliaalataandCleistanthuscollinuswerethepredominanttreespecies.Thestanddensityvariedintherangeof355.33-740.53stemsha-1whilebasalarearangedfrom7.77to31.62m2ha-1.Thetreedensityandspeciesrichnessdecreasedwithincreasinggirthclass.Thehighestnumberofspeciesandmaximumdensitywasrecordedinthegirthclassof30-60cm.TheShannon-WeinerandSimpsonIndiceswithrespecttotreeswithC30cmGBHvariedintherangeof2.07-3.79cmand0.03-0.37cmrespectivelyandthevaluesofdiversityindicesarewithinthereportedrangefortropicalforestsofIndiansub-continent.Thefamilies,Dipterocarpaceae,Anacardiaceae,CombretaceaeandEuphorbiaceaecontributedtomaximumspeciesrichness,standdensity,andbasalarea.Regenerationofmanytreespecieswasobservedtobepoor.Thepresentstudyprovidesbaselinedataforfurtherecologicalstudies,forestmanagement,andformulationofsite-specificstrategiesforconservationofbiologicaldiversityinmoistdeciduousforestsofEasternIndia.