简介：ThelowresistancePTCceramicthermistormaterialwithexcellenteleectricalpropertiesaresuccessfullyfabricatedbyrawmaterialsatindustrialrangemadeinourcountryonthestudyofitscompositionexpressionandfabricationprocessbyusingtheadditionofNb,La,Y,Ta,microstructureregulatorBNandASTLphase.Thecompositionanditsfabricationmethodarestudied.TherelationofelectricalpropertiesofthePTCceramicmaterialtoitscompositionexpressionanditsrelatedelectricalpropertiesarediscussed.

简介：Coloncancersdevelopadaptivemechanismstosurviveunderextremeconditionsanddisplayhallmarksofunlimitedproliferationandresistancetocelldeath.Thederegulationofcelldeathisakeyfactorthatcontri-butestochemoresistanceintumors.Inaphysiologicalcontext,balancebetweencellproliferationanddeath,andprotectionagainstcelldamagearefundamentalprocessesformaintaininggutepithelialhomeostasis.Themechanismsunderlyinganti-deathcytoprotectionandtumorresistanceoftenbearcommonpathways,andalthoughdistinguishingthemwouldbeachallenge,itwouldalsoprovideanopportunitytodevelopadvancedanti-cancertherapeutics.Thisreviewwilloutlinecelldeathpathways(i.e.,apoptosis,necrosis,andnecroptosis),anddiscusscytoprotectivestrategiesinnormalintestinalepitheliumanddeathresistancemechanismsofcolontumor.Incolorectalcancers,theintracellularmechanismsofdeathresistanceincludethedirectalterationofapoptoticandnecroptoticmachineryandtheupstreameventsmodulatingdeatheffectorssuchastumorsuppressorgeneinactivationandpro-survivalsignalingpathways.Theautocrine,paracrineandexogenousfactorswithinatumormicroenvironmentcanalsoinstigateresistanceagainstapoptoticandnecroptoticcelldeathincoloncancersthroughchangesinreceptorsignalingortransporteruptake.Therolesofcyclooxygenase-2/prostaglandinE2,growthfactors,glucose,andbacteriallipopolysaccharidesincolorectalcancerwillbehighlighted.Targetinganti-deathpathwaysinthecoloncancertissuemightbeapromisingapproachoutsideofanti-proliferationandanti-angiogenesisstrategiesfordevelopingnoveldrugstotreatrefractorytumors.

简介：AbstractThe low success rates in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB), which account for 55% and 34% respectively, led the WHO to conclude that MDR/XDR-TB is a serious public health crisis. However, the virulence of MDR/XDR-Mycobacterium Tuberculosis(Mtb) has not been analyzed in details, which could provide a specific guidance for the control and prevention. In this review, we discuss different aspects of MDR/XDR-Mtb virulence and its relationship to fitness cost by probing the following questions: (1) what mediates the virulence of MDR/XDR-Mtb? (What is the relationship between fitness and virulence of Mtb? (2) Is it possible that drug-resistant Mtb(DR Mtb) can show higher fitness? (3) What is the definite effect on fitness of each drug-resistant mutant? (4) What other important factors affecting fitness in the mutant strain? (5) How to study the virulence of a large number of DR Mtb?And what prevention and control measures will be taken in the future, especially for the high virulent DR Mtb? We therefore summarized the congruent relationship between drug resistance and fitness from the global response-related genes to antibiotic resistance-contributing mutation, provided methods to explore the virulence of DR Mtb. This review may offer some critical information and concise guide to creating strategies for the prevention and control of drug-resistant Mtb.

简介：

简介：Aims:Toinvestigatetheinfluenceofacupunctureoninsulinresistanceinobesitypatients.Methods:Intreatmentgroup,20obesitypatientsweretreatedwithacupunctureofNeiguan(PC6),Zusanli(ST36),Daimai(GB26),Sanyinjiao(SP6),Zhongwan(CV12),etc..Incontrolgroup,12normalvolunteersubjectswereobserved.Theobesityindex,fastingbloodsugar(FPG),plasmainsulin(FINS)andC-peptidecontents,andinsulinsensitiveindex(ISI)weremeasuredbeforeandafteracupuncturetreatment.Results:Beforetreatmentincomparisonwithcontrolgroup,FPG,FINSandC-peptideofobesitypatientsweresignificanthigher(P＜0.01),whileISIwasconsiderablylower(P＜0.01);afteracupuncturetreatment,thelevelsofplasmainsulinandCpeptidedecreasedobviously,ISIincreasedmarkedly(P＜0.01),andtheobesityindexwasconsiderablyimprovedwithatotaleffectiverateof85%.Conclusion:Acupuncturecanalleviateobesityandimproveinsulinresistance.

简介：Correctextractionoftheultra-large-scaleintegrated(ULSI)interconnectcomponentsathightfrequenciesisveryimportantforevaluatingelectricalperformancesofhigh-speedULSIcircuits.Inthispaper,theextractionoftheinterconnectresistanceathighfrequenciesisderivedfromtheOhm′slawandverifiedbythesoftwareFastHenry.Theresultsarealsocomparedwiththoseofanotherresistanceformulaoriginatedfromtheeffectiveareaofthecurrentflowing.Theapplicabilityofthesetwoformulaeisdiscussed.Theinfluenceoftheinterconnectgeometryontheresistanceathighfrequenciesisstudied.Thecomputationindicatesthattheeffectoffrequencyontheresistanceisweakwhentheskindepthislargerthanhalfoftheshortsideoftherectangularinterconnectcrosssection.Withfurtherincreaseoffrequency,theresistanceincreasesobviously.Resultsimplythatconductorwithasquarecrosssectionexhibitsthelargestresistanceforrectangularconductorsofconstantcrosssectionarea.

简介：Duetotheindividualelectricalandmechanicalcharacteristicsofresistanceweldingmachines,choiceoftherightmachineandweldingparametersforanoptimizedproductionisoftendifficult.Thisisespeciallythecaseinprojectionweldingofcomplexjoints.Inthispaper,anewapproachofcharacterizingtheelectricalpropertiesofACresistanceweldingmachinesispresented,involvingtestingandmathematicalmodellingoftheweldcurrent,thefiringangleandtheconductionangleofsiliconcontrolledrectifierswiththeaidofaseriesofproofresistances.Themodelpredictstheweldcurrentandtheconductionangle(orheatsetting)ateachsetcurrent,whentheworkpieceresistanceisgiven.

简介：AbstractThe wide use and abuse of antibiotics could make antimicrobial resistance (AMR) an increasingly serious issue that threatens global health and imposes an enormous burden on society and the economy. To avoid the crisis of AMR, we have to fundamentally change our approach. Artificial intelligence (AI) represents a new paradigm to combat AMR. Thus, various AI approaches to this problem have sprung up, some of which may be considered successful cases of domain-specific AI applications in AMR. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no systematic review illustrating the use of these AI-based applications for AMR. Therefore, this review briefly introduces how to employ AI technology against AMR by using the predictive AMR model, the rational use of antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and antibiotic combinations, as well as future research directions.

简介：

简介：Mullite-corundumbricksandkilnfurni-turewithhighcreepresistanceandgoodthermalshockresistancewerefabricatedbasedonlowcostrawmaterials,theapproachesofintroducingsomeadditivesandoptimisig,chemicalcompositionandparticalsizeweremployedtoproduceahightemperaturematrixphasewithhighcreepresistanceandgoodthermalshockresistance.

简介：Aimingatthedifficultyintheelectricalresistancemeasurement,wedevelopasimplestatisticalmodelforthecarbonnanotubesadequatelydispersedinavailableinsulatedliquidandintroducetheconceptof“themostprobability”.Basedonthismodel,weobtainthefunctionbetweenmacroscopicresistanceRandresistanceofanindividualnanotube,Ro,fromwhichonecancalculatetheresistanceofanindividualnanotubebymeasuringthemacroscopicresistance.Bycomputationalsimulation,weprovethereliabilityofthemodel.Then,weanalysethefeasibilityofthemodelwhenappliedtoexperiment.

简介：橡胶的水泥的磨损抵抗性质被作为添加剂拿硅石烟和面包屑轮胎橡胶比较地学习。磨损测试根据中国标准测试方法DL/T被进行51502001，二个推荐测试方法：在水方法和戒指方法下面，被使用。有8网孔和16网孔的筛尺寸的面包屑轮胎橡胶被代替沙并且作为添加剂的一样的体积合并到水泥。水泥的磨损抵抗根据磨损抵抗力量和集体损失被评估。测试结果证明硅石烟的增加提高了压缩力量和水泥的磨损抵抗，并且面包屑橡胶的增加减少了压缩力量，但是显著地增加了水泥的磨损抵抗。硅石烟水泥比控制水泥执行了一个更好的磨损电阻，并且橡胶的水泥比硅石烟水泥执行了一个好一些的磨损电阻。橡胶的水泥的磨损抵抗随橡胶内容的增加增加了。

简介：BlocksofMosobamboowereusedasexperimentalmaterialstotestthetoxicityofCuAzpreservativeondecayfungibythelabtestinthispaper.Theresultshowedthatthenaturaldecayresistanceof4-year-oldMaobambooismoderate,andtheresistancetobrownfungiisstrongerthanthattowhitefungi.Theanti-fungipropertiesofCuAzpreservativeattheretentionof3.3kg/m3areequaltothoseofCCA-CandACQ-Battheretentionofabout4.0kg/m3,andobviouslysuperiortothoseoforganicacidspr...

简介：目的：探讨针刺对单纯性肥胖症患者胰岛素抵抗的调节作用与临床疗效。方法：采用“益气健脾，化痰消浊”法，取脐周八穴（天枢、滑肉门、外陵、阴交、水分）、关元、足三里等穴，配合耳穴贴压，并与同期30例健康体检者比较，观察针刺前后单纯性肥胖症患者FBG、INS、ISI、TC、TG、LDLC、HDLC变化；观察针刺前后单纯性肥胖症患者腰围、臀围、腰臀比、体重、BMI的变化，及其Ⅰ度肥胖、Ⅱ度肥胖的疗效差异。结果：治疗前单纯性肥胖症患者存在高胰岛素血症（HI），ISI显著下降（P〈0．01），治疗后腰围、臀围、腰臀比、体重、BMI明显下降职0．05，P〈0．01），同时FBG、INS、TC、TG、LDLC亦明显下降（P〈0．01，P〈0．05），ISI、HDLC明显上升（P〈0．05）。结论：针刺治疗不仅能有效改善单纯性肥胖症患者的体脂参数，同时也能调整单纯性肥胖症患者异常脂质代谢，改善胰岛素抵抗状态。

简介：Submergedvegetationhasasignificantimpactonwaterflowvelocity.Currentinvestigationsincludetheimpactthroughaddingdragresistanceandincreasingbottomroughnesscoefficient,whichcannotelucidatethecharactersofrealsubmergedvegetation.Toevaluatetheeffectsofsubmergedvegetationonwatercurrentsatdifferentvelocities,alaboratoryexperimentwasconductedusingthreekindsofvegetations.Theeffectiveheightsofthesevegetationsonvaryingflowvelocitieswereevaluated.AnequationdescribingtherelationshipbetweenthenormalizedresistanceofthesubmergedplantsandtheReynoldsnumberbasedontheplanteffectiveheightwasthenestablishedandusedtocalculatethehydraulicresistanceparametersofsubmergedplantsindifferentstagesofgrowth.

简介：Ectomycorrhizae(ECM)isbecomingtheresearchhotspotbecauseitcanimproveplantnutrientcyclingandstorageandstrengthenplantresistancetoadversityanddisease.ItiswellknownthatECMcanenhanceplantresistancetosoil-borneandstemdiseases.Themechanismsmainlyinclude:planttenderrootswillbeprotectedwellbysheath;ECMcanfacilitateuptakeandtransportcapacityofnutritionandwatertorootsandincreaseplantsvigor;ECMcancontrolorblockpathogenstoinvadetrees;ECMcanactivateresistance-relatedenzymesofthehosts;italsocanformrhizospheremicrobialcolonyandestablishroot-rhizospheremicro-ecologicalenvironment.Somycorrhizaltechnologyhasbecomeoneofthemostimportantmethodsofecologicalcontrolandbiologicalcontrolofplantdiseases.ThispapersummarizestheapplicationanddevelopmentofECMinforestdiseasecontrolandalsoraisessomeideasontheirtheoryandapplicationresearchesinthefuture.

简介：Abstract:ChlamydiaTrachomatis(C.T.)isoneofthemostcommonpathogensofhumansexuallytransmitteddiseases.TreatmentofC.T.infectionprimarilydependsonTetracyclines,MacrolidesandQuinolones,butwiththewideuseofantibioticsanincreasingnumberofdrug-resistantChlamydiatrachomatiscaseshavebeenreported.ThisreviewsummarizestheresistantconditionsandthepossibleresistancemechanismsofC.T..

简介：ApoptosisproducedinBcellsthroughFas(APO-1,CD95)triggeringisregulatedbysignalsderivedfromothersurfacereceptors:CD40engagementproducesupregulationofFasexpressionandmarkedsusceptibilitytoFas-inducedcelldeath,whereasantigenreceptorengagement,orIL-4Rengagement,inhibitsFaskillingandinsodoinginducesastateofFas-resistance,eveninotherwisesensitive,CD40-stimulatedtargets.SurfaceimmunoglobulinandIL-4RutilizeatleastpartiallydistinctpathwaystoproduceFas-resistancethatdifferentiallydependonPKCandSTAT6,respectively.Further,surfaceimmunoglobulinsignalingforinducibleFas-resistancebypassesBtk,requiresNF-κB,andentailsnewmacromolecularsynthesis.TerminaleffectorsofBcellFas-resistanceincludetheknownanti-apoptoticgeneproducts,Bcl-XLandFLIP,andanovelanti-apoptoticgenethatencodesFAIM(FasApoptosisInhibitoryMolecule).faimwasidentifiedbydifferentialdisplayandexistsintwoalternativelysplicedforms;faim-Sisbroadlyexpressed,butfaim-Lexpressionistissue-specific.TheFAIMsequenceishighlyevolutionarilyconserved,suggestinganimportantroleforthismoleculethroughoutphylogeny.InducibleresistancetoFaskillingishypothesizedtoprotectforeignantigen-specificBcellsduringpotentiallyhazardousinteractionswithFasL-bearingTcells,whereasautoreactiveBcellsfailtobecomeFas-resistantandaredeletedviaFas-dependentcytotoxicity.InadvertentoraberrantacquisitionofFas-resistancemaypermitautoreactiveBcellstoescapeFasdeletion,andmalignantlymphocytestoimpedeanti-tumorimmunity.

简介：<正>ThesusceptibilityofprimaryBcellstoFas(APO-1,CD95)-mediatedapoptosisisregulatedbysignalsderivedfromadditionalsurfacereceptors.CD40engagementproducesupregulationofFasexpressionandinducesmarkedsensitivitytoFas-inducedcelldeath,whereasBcellantigenreceptor(BCR)engagementinhibitsFaskillingandtherebyproducesFas-resistance,eveninotherwisesusceptible,CD40-stimulatedtargets.BCRsignalingforinducibleFas-resistancedevelopsoveraperiodof12hoursanddependson

简介：这研究评估two-spotted蜘蛛螨的毒物学、生物化学的反应到clofentezine选择压力。在成年女性的Tetranychusurticae的死亡率取决于集中和clofentezine被发现对女性有效的增加的clofentezine。与clofentezine每产生选择12次一次的CUM紧张的抵抗率从1.28-被增加到105.27褶层。有clofentezine的一些信仰神人协力合作说者的相互作用在clofentezine抵抗的CLOF12紧张被分析。信仰神人协力合作说者没在clofentezine毒性上有效果。clofentezine抵抗的CLOF12紧张对chlorpyrifos，abamectin，propargite，fenpyroximate和amitraz显示出抵抗。到clofentezine的抵抗的继承的模式被发现不完全地主导、不由性的染色体遗传。Esterase酶活动被胶化电气泳动和microplate读者方法两个都检测，当时谷胱甘肽S-transferase(GST)和monooxygenase(P450)活动仅仅由microplate读者方法被检测。在选择时期期间，esterase，GST和P450酶活动分别地从7.69，7.09和0.0033～18.40，13.11和0.0037毫光的density/min/mg蛋白质被提起。增加在esterases的乐队紧张被观察，esterase酶可以在T在clofentezine抵抗起一个作用。urticae。