简介:女子200m蝶泳是近年来我国竞技游泳在奥运会游泳比赛中的优势项目。从2008年北京奥运会刘子歌获得该项目冠军、焦刘洋获得亚军并双双打破世界纪录,到2011年世界游泳锦标赛、2012年伦敦奥运会,焦刘洋蝉联该项目冠军,我国运动员在女子200m蝶泳项目中一直保持着领先优势。以2011年上海世界游泳锦标赛、2012年全国游泳冠军赛和2013年全国游泳冠军赛我国女子200m蝶泳运动员焦刘洋和刘子歌的比赛成绩和技术数据分析结果为基础,运用文献资料调研、调查、数理统计、录像观察、图像采集及解析等研究方法,分析对比并阐释两名运动员的运动学特征,试图为进一步提高其技术水平、稳步提高该项目比赛成绩提供具有参考价值的信息。
简介:Background:Manydisease-specificfactorssuchasmuscularweakness,increasedmusclestiffness,varyingposturalstrategies,andchangesinposturalreflexeshavebeenshowntoleadtoposturalinstabilityandfallriskinpeoplewithParkinson'sdisease(PD).Recently,analyticaltechniques,inspiredbythedynamicalsystemsperspectiveonmovementcontrolandcoordination,havebeenusedtoexaminethemechanismsunderlyingthedynamicsofposturaldeclinesandtheemergenceofposturalinstabilitiesinpeoplewithPD.Methods:Awavelet-basedtechniquewasusedtoidentifylimitcycleoscillations(LCOs)intheanterior–posterior(AP)posturalswayofpeoplewithmildPD(n=10)comparedtoage-matchedcontrols(n=10).Participantsstoodonafoamandonarigidsurfacewhilecompletingadualtask(speaking).Results:Therewasnosignificantdifferenceintherootmeansquareofcenterofpressurebetweengroups.Threeoutof10participantswithPDdemonstratedLCOsonthefoamsurface,whilenoneinthecontrolgroupdemonstratedLCOs.AninvertedpendulummodelofbipedalstancewasusedtodemonstratethatLCOsoccurduetodisease-specificchangesassociatedwithPD:time-delayandneuromuscularfeedbackgain.Conclusion:Overall,theLCOanalysisandmathematicalmodelappeartocapturethesubtleposturalinstabilitiesassociatedwithmildPD.Inaddition,thesefindingsprovideinsightsintothemechanismsthatleadtotheemergenceofunstablepostureinpatientswithPD.
简介:主擂:长安文虎社长安文虎社是由西安苏剑先生于2011年策划成立的谜社。谜社正式成立于2011年9月25日,社长苏剑(华山剑)。常务副社长叶曙光(飘零叶),另有理事、社员30余人。谜社于2011—2013年成功举办了三届“长安文虎杯”全国网络灯谜公开赛。谜社日常活动以网络活动为主,兼顾实地,并重点策划推出“苏剑谜学征文”、“长安文虎”系列丛书及谜刊等。在谜社成立后参加的“风云杯”、“华清杯”等网络谜赛中,长安文虎社取得了优异成绩,展现了良好的精神风貌。谜坛瞩目的盛会“长安文虎杯”第二届中华灯谜文化节(西安),将于2015年在西安举办。
简介:长铁杆通常指5号以上的2、3、4号铁杆,5号、6号为中长铁杆。长铁杆由于其杆面相对陡立,角度较小,所以不好掌握。一般的业余球手会用5号、7号球道木杆代替长铁杆的使用。
简介:ThreedecadesofrapideconomicdevelopmentinChinahavenotonlybenefitedmillionsofChinesebyimprovingtheirlivingstandardsbuthavealsodramaticallyincreasedthenumberofpeoplewhoarepartofthecountry’sagingpopulation.However,economicgrowthhasnotbeenaccompaniedbysufficientattentiongiventoimportantpublichealthissues,includinganincreaseintheincidenceofchronicdiseasesandadeclineinphysicalactivity(PA)thatcomeswithanagingpopulation.TherapidgrowthinChina’solderpopulationwillsoonexertanimpactonthenation’seconomy,populationhealthstatus,andhealthbehaviors,andwillincreasestressonitshealthcaresystem.Thisreviewarticleprovidesabroadperspectiveontheimpactofrapideconomicdevelopment,industrialization,andurbanizationonhealth-relatedbehaviors,withaspecificfocusonPAamongolderadults.Specifically,thearticleoffersanoverviewofthedemographiccontext,significantpublichealthchallenges,evidenceonPAandexerciseinterventions,andknowledgegapsandfuturedirectionsforresearch.
简介:Background:Althoughemergingresearchisdemonstratingthepotentialhealthimpactofexergaming,investigationshaveprimarilybeenconductedinlaboratorysettingsamongsmallsampleswithshort-terminterventions.Informationontheeffectivenessofexergaminginunderservedchildren’sobjectivephysicalactivity(PA)inpopulation-basedsettingsisalsoscarce.Moreover,mostempiricalstudieshaveonlyincluded1typeofexergameintheintervention.Therefore,thisstudy’spurposewastoinvestigatethelong-termimpactofamultigameexergaminginterventionamongunderservedchildrenintegratedwithinschoolcurricula.Specifically,thisstudyexaminedtheeffectofexergamingonchildren’saccelerometer-determinedsedentarybehavior(SB),lightPA,moderate-to-vigorousPA(MVPA),andenergyexpenditure(EE)over2yearsascomparedwithregularphysicaleducation(PE)classes.Methods:Atotalof261second-andthird-gradechildren(134girls,127boys;meanage8.27years)wererecruitedfrom2Texaselementaryschools.Children’spre-test3-daySB,lightPA,MVPA,andEEatschoolwereassessedinthefallof2012.Participantswereassignedto1of2groups:(1)exergaming/PEgroup(125minweeklyofexergaming-basedPAprogram)and(2)comparisongroup(125minweeklyofPE).PA(SB,lightPA,andMVPA)andEEoutcomevariableswereassessedagainin2013(post-test)and2014(follow-up).Results:SignificanttimeeffectswereobservedforSB(F(1,162)=25.0,p<0.01,η~2=0.14),lightPA(F(1,162)=9.6,p<0.01,η~2=0.06),andMVPA(F(1,162)=6.2,p=0.01,η~2=0.04)butnotforEE(F(1,162)=0.63,p>0.05,η~2=0.004).Subsequentpairwisecomparisonsrevealedsignificantincreasesfrompre-topost-testforlightPA(p<0.01),MVPA(p<0.01),andEE(p=0.02)withnochangesinSB(p>0.05).Conversely,significantdecreasesoccurredinlightPA(p<0.01)frompost-testtofollow-upwithnodifferencesseeninMVPA(p=0.08)andEE(p=0.06)overthesametimeperiod.Asignificantincreasewasseen,however,forSBfrompost-testtofollow-up.Conclusion:Exergami