简介：BACKGROUND:Wehavepreviouslyreportedthatadultentericglia(EG)facilitatethegrowthoftransecteddorsalrootaxonsintotheuninjuredspinalcordtoformfunctionalconnectionswiththeirtargets.OBJECTIVE:ThepresentstudyinvestigatedtheeffectsofEGonspinalcordfunction,tissueinjury,andaxonalregenerationfollowingtransplantationintoinjuredratspinalcords,accordingtohistologicalandfunctionaloutcomes.DESIGN,TIMEANDSETTING:ArandomizedcontrolledanimalexperimentwasperformedatMcMasterUniversity,CanadafromJanuary2006toMarch2008.MATERIALS:EGwereisolatedfromratintestine.METHODS:Oneweekfollowingspinalcordcrush,femaleWistarratswereinjectedwithanEGsuspension(2μL,1×10~5/μL,n=10)orwiththesamevolumeoffreshculturemediumalone(controlanimals,n=11).Thethirdgroupdidnotreceiveanyinjectionfollowinglaminectomyandservedasthesham-operatedcontrols(n=5).MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:Behaviorwastestedpriortotransplantationandweeklyfollowingtransplantation,withninebehavioralexaminationsintotal.Openfield,hindlimbplacementresponse,footorientationresponse,andinclinedplanetestwereutilized.Immediatelyfollowingthefinalbehavioralexamination,spinalcordT_9toL_1segmentswereharvestedforimmunohistochemicalandhematoxylin-eosinstainingtodetermineastroglialscarring,axonalregenerationandspinalcordlesionsize.RESULTS:RatswithEGtransplantationexhibitedsignificantlybetterlocomotorfunctionwithreducedtissuedamage,comparedwiththecontrolrats.Cysticcavitieswerepresent2monthsafterinjuryinspinalcordsfrombothcontrolgroups.Incontrast,ratsinjectedwithEGdidnotpresentwithcysticlesions.Inaddition,theinjurysiteconsistedofcellularmaterialandnervefibers,andaxonalregenerationwasapparent,withdenselabelingofneurofilament-positiveaxonswithintheinjurysite.Moreover,regeneratingaxonswereintimatelyassociatedwithtransplantedEGCONCLUSION:ThesedataindicatedthatEGenha

简介：客观：在兔子在针的绳索ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)以后在lipidperoxidation和apoptosis上学习白果树biloba摘录(GBE)的效果。方法：SpinalcordI/R损害模型根据对Erten等的描述被建立。27只NewZealand白兔子的一个总数随机被划分成三个组：一个假冒的组(9只兔子对待withs火腿操作但是没有大动脉的吸藏)，一个模型组(与大动脉的吸藏对待的9只兔子并且匹配卷盐)，并且一个GBE组(与大动脉的吸藏andGinaton(100mg/kg)对待的9只兔子在大动脉的夹钳前并且在灌注的发作注射了30分钟)。Theneurological结果分别地在灌注以后在24和48个小时被评估。针的绳索malondialdehyde(MDA)水平，超级氧化物dismutase(草皮)然后被检测。神经cellapoptosis被终端deoxynucleotidyltransferase(TdT)决定标记的-mediateddUTP-fluorescence刻痕结束(TUNEL)方法和bcl-2和bax的表示是examinedhistologically在有免疫组织化学的针的绳索。结果：I/Rproduced在神经病学的得分的重要减少。GBE组的马达分数比在在灌注以后的24和48个小时的模型组的那些显著地高(P<0.05)。与模型组相比，GBE改善了草皮的下面规定并且生产了MDA水平的重要减小(P<0.01)。为在模型组的TUNEL的积极房间是多于GBE组的那些的大部分(P<0.01)。bcl-2在I/R以后是起来调整的，特别在theGBE组(P<0.01)。bax的起来规定被GBE极大地减少(P<0.01).Conclusions：GBE对针的绳索I/R损害，和机制有保护的效果可以是它能清除氧释放激进分子并且禁止神经房间的apoptosis。

简介：Objective:TostudythesequentialchangesofHIF-1α(hypoxia-induciblefactor1alpha)inexperimentalspinalcordinjuryinratsandtoanalyzeitspotentialeffectsinSCI.Methods:AstaticcompressionmodelofSCIwasemployedinthisstudy.ExpressionsofHIF-1αweremeasuredwithimmunohistochemicalstaining,whileflowcytometrywasusedtodeterminetheapoptoticratioandbcl-2expressions.Results:HIF-1αbegantoincrease1dayafterinjury,andreachedthepeakat3-7days.Twoweekslater,itdeclinedsignificantly.ThesequentialchangesofHIF-1αcoincidedwellwiththealterationsofapoptoticratioandcontentsofbel-2.Conclusions:HIF-1αpossiblyparticipatesinthesecondaryischemicandhypoxicproceduresafterspinalcordinjury,andmaymediatethetraumaticapoptosis.FurtherunderstandingofHIF-1αmayprovidenewtherapeuticregimensforSCI.

简介：Objective:Peripheralnerveregenerationdependsongeneregulationbycentralneurons.Tosearchformoreeffectivetreatmentmethodstoimprovetheregenerationofwoundedperipheralnerves,geneexpressionprofileofspinalcordafterfirearminjurytorabbitsciaticnervesarestudiedwithDNAmicro-arraytechnique.Methods:Atotalof54rabbitswererandomlydividedinto4groups:Groupsdl,d3,d7andnormalcontrolgroup.Lumbarspinalcordsweresampled.RNAandmRNAwereextracted,labeledbyCy3andCy5,andanalyzedbymouse_8192Sgenechips.Results:Atotalof1367,923,and61geneswithdifferentialexpressionwerefoundonday1,day3,andday7aftertraumarespectively.Fiveexpressedsequencetag(EST)sequencesdemonstrateddifferentialexpressionduring7daysaftertrauma.Conclusions:Thereiscomplexgeneprofilewithdifferentialexpressionafterfirearmnerveinjury,amongwhichAW701496,U84291,W13926,X04017andAW822394ESTsequencesmaybeimportantregulationfactorsthatinvolvedinregenerationofperipheralnerveinjury.

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简介：Objective:Thisretrospectivestudyexaminedriskfactorsforcytomegalovirus(CMV)infectionafterumbilicalcordbloodtransplantation(UCBT)andtheimpactofCMVinfectiononpatientsurvival.Methods:Inall176patients,plasmaCMVDNAwasnegativepriortothetransplantation,andexaminedtwiceaweekfor100d,andthenonceweeklyforadditional300d.Preemptiveantiviraltherapy(ganciclovirorfoscarnet)wasstartedinpatientswith>1,000/mLcopiesofCMVDNAbutnofull-blownCMVdisease,andwasdiscontinuedupontwoconsecutivenegativereportsofbloodCMVDNAtest.ThesurvivalandriskfactorsforCMVinfectionordiseasewereexaminedusinglogisticregression.Results:CMVinfectiondevelopedin71%(125/176)ofthepatients,withamedianonsetof32d.Fourpatients(2.3%)developedCMVdisease.Neitherthe5-yearoverallsurvival(OS)norevent-freesurvival(EFS)differedsignificantlyininfectedpatientsvs.thosewithnoinfection(59.4%vs.64.8%,P=0.194;53.4%vs.59.1%,P=0.226).AstepwisemultivariateanalysisindicatedanassociationofCMVinfectionwithage,high-doseglucocorticoids,thenumberoftransplantedCD34+cells,andthenumberofplatelettransfusion,butnotwithgender,theconditioningregimen,andthedayofneutrophilrecoveryandchronicgraft-versushostdisease(cGVHD).Conclusions:CMVinfectionisverycommonafterUCBT,butdoesnotseemtoaffectlong-termsurvivalwithpreemptiveantiviraltreatment.

简介：ToexploretheeffectofrhlL-15onCB-CD34^+stemcellscommittingtoNKcells,CD34^+stemcellswereobtainedfromcordblood(CB)bymagnetic-assistedcellsorting(MACS)method.CD3,CD16andCD56moleculesexpressedoncellsurfaceweredetectedbyflowcytometer.MTFmethodwasusedtotestthecytotoxicityofNKcells.Theresultswerethatstemcellfactor(SCF)alonehasnoeffectonCD34^+stemcells.IL-15stimulatedCD34^+stemcellscommittoNKcells,andSCFshowedstrongsynergisticeffectwithIL-15.ItwasconcludedthatIL-15andSCFplayeddifferentrolesduringNKcelldevelopment,llr15promotedCD34^+stemcellsdifferentiatetoNKcellprecursorandSCFimprovedtheeffectsofIL-15onNKcelldifferentiation.

简介：雄激素缺乏是影响成年人的物理混乱，但是能也使受危险不仅孩子健康。因为到使用传统的雄激素代替治疗有许多劣势，我们此处试图探索人的脐的绳索的使用为雄激素缺乏的治疗的间充质的干细胞。我们移植了进乙烷dimethanesulfonate(版本)的睾丸的间充质的干细胞导致了的CM-Dil-labeled人的脐的绳索雄的老鼠性腺机能减退模型。在移植以后的21天，我们发现在治疗组的血睾丸激素层次比控制组的高(P=0.037)，并且用immunohistochemistry和流动cytometry，我们观察到一些CM-Dil-labeled房间为细胞色素P450表示了Leydig房间标记，家庭11，亚科A，多肽1，并且3--hydroxysteroid脱氢酶。我们然后恢复了这些房间并且观察到他们仍然能在vitro增殖。现在的学习证明从人的脐的绳索的间充质的干细胞可以为男性腺机能减退病人的治疗组成一种有希望的治疗学的形式。

简介：Ourpreviousstudieshaveconfirmedthatduringnervetranspositionrepairtoinjuredperipheralnerves,theregeneratednervefibersofmotorneuronsintheanteriorhornofthespinalcordcaneffectivelyrepairdistalnerveandtargetmuscletissueandrestoremusclemotorfunction.Toobservetheeffectofnerveregenerationandmotorfunctionrecoveryafterseveraltypesofnervetranspositionformediannervedefect(2mm),30Sprague-Dawleyratswererandomlydividedintoshamoperationgroup,epineurialneurorrhaphygroup,musculocutaneousnervetranspositiongroup,medialpectoralnervetranspositiongroup,andradialnervemuscularbranchtranspositiongroup.Threemonthsafternerverepair,thewristflexiontestwasusedtoevaluatetherecoveryofwristflexionafterregenerationofmediannerveintheaffectedlimbsofrats.Thenumberofmyelinatednervefibers,thethicknessofmyelinsheath,thediameterofaxonsandthecross-sectionalareaofaxonsintheproximalanddistalsegmentsoftherepairednervesweremeasuredbyosmicacidstaining.Theratioofnewlyproduceddistalmyelinatednervefiberstothenumberofproximalmyelinatednervefiberswascalculated.Wetweightsoftheflexordigitorumsuperficialismusclesweremeasured.Musclefibermorphologywasdetectedusinghematoxylin-eosinstaining.Thecross-sectionalareaofmusclefiberswascalculatedtoassesstherecoveryofmuscles.Resultsshowedthatwristflexionfunctionwasrestored,andthenervegrewintothedistaleffectorinallthreenervetranspositiongroupsandtheepineurialneurorrhaphygroup.Thereweredifferencesinthenumberofmyelinatednervefibersineachgroup.Themagnificationofproximaltodistalnerveswas1.80,3.00,2.50,and3.12inepineurialneurorrhaphygroup,musculocutaneousnervetranspositiongroup,medialpectoralnervetranspositiongroup,andradialnervemuscularbranchtranspositiongroup,respectively.Nevertheless,axondiametersofnewnervefibers,cross-sectionalareasofaxons,thicknessesofmyelinsheath,wet

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简介：摘要BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESLong-term paired associative stimulation (PAS) is a non-invasive combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation and peripheral nerve stimulation and leads to improved hand motor function in individuals with incomplete traumatic tetraplegia. Spinal cord injuries (SCIs) can also be induced by neurological diseases. We tested a similar long-term PAS approach in patients with non-traumatic neurological SCI.METHODSIn this case series, five patients with non-traumatic tetraplegia received PAS to the weaker upper limb 3 to 5 times per week for 6 weeks. Patients were evaluated by manual muscle testing (MMT) before and immediately after the therapy and at the 1- and 6-month follow-ups. Patients were also evaluated for spasticity, hand mechanical and digital dynamometry, pinch test and Box and Block test.RESULTSMMT values of all patients improved at all post-PAS evaluations. The mean±standard error MMT increase was 1.44±0.37 points (P＝0.043) immediately after PAS, 1.57±0.4 points (P＝0.043) at the 1-month follow-up and 1.71±0.47 points (P＝0.043) at the 6-month follow-up. The pinch test, digital dynamometry and Box and Block test results also improved in all patients.CONCLUSIONS Long-term PAS may be a safe and effective treatment for improving hand function in patients with non-traumatic tetraplegia.SIGNIFICANCEThis is the first report demonstrating the therapeutic potential of PAS for neurological SCI.

简介：Thecurrentstudydemonstratedthatinjuryofthespinalcordlateralfuniculusoccursinlivercirrhosis.Thisstudysoughttocomparethemorphologyofthethoracicandlumbarcord,theexpressionoffunctionalproteins,andchangesinvesselsbetweenlivercirrhosisandnon-cirrhosiscorpses.Resultsshowedthatinthelivercirrhosisgroup,thehepaticveinexpanded,thegastrointestinaltractwasfullofcoagulatedblood,blood-stasiswaseasilyseenintheveniplexofthevertebralcanalandthelumbarspinalcord,andthecellbodiesoftheanteriorhorninthethoracicandlumbarcordweresmallerthanthoseinnon-cirrhosiscorpses.Inaddition,nervecellsshrank,Nisslbodieswereconcentratedwithobscurednuclei,andneurofilamentandsynapsincontainingcellbodiesoftheanteriorhornandwhitematterdecreasedinthelivercirrhosisgroup.Theseexperimentalfindingsindicatethatabnormalcirculationofthespinalcord,resultingfromhemodynamicchangeofcirrhoticportalhypertension,maybethemostsignificantcauseofhepaticmyelopathy.

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简介：先于尖锐myeloid白血病(AML)的Myeloid肉瘤(MS)是稀罕的，作为尖锐针的绳索压缩介绍是它甚至稀罕。这里，我们报导myeloid肉瘤病人，其结果不同的二个新案例。有针的MS前面的AML的27个病人迄今为止被报导了，包括在这篇文章介绍的二个案例。外科的解压缩在27个病人中的25个被执行，并且这些中的23个收到了另外的anti-AML治疗。就我们在文学的病人和出版案例而言，我们建议immunohistochemical学习在到达MS，和那个紧急情况手术的正确诊断到针的MS是的将切除起一个必要作用做神经功能恢复的可得到的治疗，并且疾病必须与类似于过去常在肿瘤的切除术或照耀以后尽快对待AML那的集中的化疗被治疗。

简介：Traumaticinjuriestospinalcordelicitdiversesignalingpathwaysleadingtounselectiveandcomplexpathologicaloutcomes:deathofmultipleclassesofneuralcells,formationofcysticcavitiesandglialscars,disruptionofaxonalconnections,anddemyelinationofsparedaxons,allofwhichcancontributemoreorlesstodebilitatingfunctionalimpairmentsfoundinpatientswithspinal

简介：ToinvestigatetheHLA-A,-BallelepolymorphisminHanpopulationofShandongprovinceandtoexplorethepossibilitytofindouttheHLA-A,-B-matchedcordblooddonorsforstemcelltransplantationtobeusedinotherareainChina,5844umbilicalcordbloodsamplesweretakenfromHanpopulationdonorsofShandongprovince,andassayedwithPCR-sequence-oligonucleotide(PCR-SSO)assay.InShandongHandonors,20allelesatHLA-Alocusand46allelesatHLA-Blocuscouldbedetectedasrevealedinthepresentstudy.Amongthe20allelesatHLA-Alocus,themostprevalentfiveallelesincludedA*02(0.3041),A*11(0.1443),A*24(0.1434),A*30(0.0975)andA*33(0.0859),while,thealleleswithlowergenefrequenciesincludedA*34(0.0006),A*25(0.0005),A*66(0.0005),A*74(0.0004)andA*(0.0001).Ofthe46HLA-Ballelesdetected,themostprevalentfivealleleswereB*13(0.1348),B*51(0.0713),B*62(0.0712),B*61(0.0676)andB*60(0.0642);whilealleleswithlowergenefrequenciesincludedB*77(0.0001),B*76(0.0002),B*47(0.0003),B*42(0.0003)andB*72(0.0004).IncomparisonwiththoseoftheotherHanpopulationinChina,theHLA-A,-BgenefrequenciesintheumbilicalcordbloodofShandongprovincepossessuniquedistributionfeaturesamongtheinvestigatedpopulationsfromvariousregionsofthesameraceorigin,andthedifferencesinvariousregionsofthesameracewerelessthanthoseamongthedifferentrace.ItisevidentthattheHLA-A,-BallelesoftheumbilicalcordbloodtakeninShangdongprovinceshowhighdegreeofpolymorphism,anditmightbepartofthoseofNorthernHanpopulationinChina.So,itisreasonableforpatientsofNorthernChinesetoreceiveHLAclassI-matchtransplantofcordbloodstemcellsfortissueandorgantransplantationfromShangdongumbilicalcordbloodbank.

简介：人的脐的绳索血(CB)最近在移植被用作干细胞的来源。从CB导出的NK房间是涉及graft-versus-host疾病(GVHD)和graft-versus-leukemia(GVL)的关键受动器房间。CBNK房间的活动比成年的外部血(PB)的低，这被报导NKcells.In这研究，我们在CB和PBNK房间分析了一些NK房间受体和cytotoxicity相关的分子的表示。激活NK受体，CD16，NKG2D和NKp46的表情，没显示出CB和PBNK房间之间的重要差别。但是禁止的受体NKG2A/CD94的表示在CBNK房间上是显著地更高的。至于受动器功能分子，granzymeB被表示在表面FasL和小道没显示出的细胞内部的perforin，IFN-，TNF-和房间的CBNK房间，而是表情显著地更低CB和PBNK房间之间的差别。结果显示NKG2A/CD94的高表示和granzymeB的低表示可能与CBNK房间的减少的活动是相关的。

简介：Objective:Toinvestigatetheexpressionandpatternofvascularendothelialgrowthfactor(VEGF)anditsfetalliverkinase-1(Flk-1)receptorinspinalcordanddorsalrootgangliaafterneurotomyofsciaticnerveinrats.Methods:Forty-fiveadultmaleWistarratsweredividedrandomlyintoacontrolgroup(n=5)andanexperimentalgroup(n=40).ThebilateralsciaticnervesoftheratsintheexperimentalgroupunderwentneurotomyandtheL4-L6spinalcordandthecorrespondingdorsalrootgangliawereharvestedrespectivelyat8hours,and1,3,5,7,10,14and21days(8subgroupswith5ratseach)afteroperation.Theratsinthecontrolgrouponlyunderwentanexposureofsciaticnervewithoutneurotomy.ImmunohistochemistryandimageanalysiswereusedtostudytheexpressionofVEGFanditsFlk-1receptor.Results:BothVEGFandFlk-1receptorexpressedinthenormalratspinalcordanddorsalrootganglia.Inresponsetoneurotomy,theirexpressionreachedahigherlevelandpersistedforashorttimethendeclinedtothenormallevelrapidly.Besides,positivestainingofFlk-1wasobservedinbothglialcellsandnervefibers,whichlocatedinthewhitematterofthespinalcord.Conclusions:VEGFcanpromotetheregenerationofperipheralnervesfromtheangleofcentralneurons,whichestablishestheexperimentalandtheoreticalfoundationforVEGFtreatingperipheralnerveinjuries.

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