简介:a nations military capital stockthe dollar value of its military hardwareisa measure of its forces modernity.The U.S.militarys capital stock is almost $1trillion.In contrast, The United States spends about $400bil-lion a year on national defense andalone accounts for about 40percent of the worlds defense spending.There is somedispute about how much China spends because not all of its defense spending (forexample,the $1billion or$2billion a year China spends on Russian weapon systemswhich so alarms anti-Chinahawks in the United Statesis actually a sign of weakness in the Chinese defenseindustrial base.For example
简介:even the best 10percent of the Chinese military will have equipmentthat is more than 20years behind the capabilities of the U.S.military (equivalentto U.S.equipment in the late 1980s ), The Chinese are slowly modernizing their small strategic nuclear arsenal tomake it less vul-nerable to a preemptive attack from the worlds most potent nuclearforcethe U.S.strategic arsenal of thousands of warheads.But even with such modernization,Chinas nuclear arsenal will pale in comparison with the robust U.S.nuclear force.The Chinese currently have only about 20long-range missileshoused in fixed silosthatcan reach the United States.The missiles
简介:EversincetheestablishmentoftheShanghaiCooperationOrganization(SCO),therelationshipbetweentheUnitedStatesandtheSCOhasremainedunclear.Despitesomecasualbutnotinstitutionalcontactsbetweeneachother,thebilateralrelationsaremorelikeanemptyshell.However,astwoimportantactorsinCentralAsia,theUnitedStatesandtheSCOdohaveacertainrelationshipintheregion.
简介:the U.S.government does not admit to a policy of containing China, Only if the balance of power in East Asia broke down with the advent of an aggressivehegemonic power should the United States intervene militarily in the affairs ofthe region.That policy would be called a bal-ancer-of-last-resort strategy.Sucha strategy would minimize the danger of a confronta-tion with China.,centers of powerin East Asia other than the United States exist to balance a rising China.Japan
简介:<正>ThispaperdevelopsasymptoticpropertiesofsingularlyperturbedMarkovchainswithinclusionofabsorbingstates.Itfocusesonbothunscaledandscaledoccupationmeasures.Undermildconditions,amean-squareestimateisobtained.Byaveragingthefastcomponents,weobtainanaggregatedprocess.Althoughtheaggregatedprocessitselfmaybenon-Markovian,itsweaklimitisaMarkovchainwithmuchsmallerstatespace.Moreover,asuitablyscaledsequenceconsistingofacomponentofscaledoccupationmeasuresandacomponentoftheaggregatedprocessisshowntoconvergetoapairofprocesseswithaswitchingdiffusioncomponent.
简介:我们在场对为在两倍井的ultracold波色子的物理政体的彻底的描述,与专辑,注意付钱到宏观的重叠(MS)。我们使用多达八个单个粒子模式的Lipkin-Meshkov-GlickHamiltonian的归纳学习这些MS,解决有数字准确diagonalization和高顺序的不安理论的联合的Hamiltonian。MS在左、正确的潜在的井之间;有同时位于井并且在仅仅二个模式的所有原子的极端情况是著名中午状态,但是我们的途径包含更一般的MS。更单个的粒子模式的使用把维数带进这个问题,允许我们将难限制放在通常在文学对待的原来的二模式的LMG模型的使用上,并且也介绍混合Josephson-Fock政体。更高的模式与不同尖性质介绍自由和MS状态的尖度。
简介:AbstractBackground:The cancer burden in the United States of America (USA) has decreased gradually. However, China is experiencing a transition in its cancer profiles, with greater incidence of cancers that were previously more common in the USA. This study compared the latest cancer profiles, trends, and determinants between China and USA.Methods:This was a comparative study using open-source data. Cancer cases and deaths in 2022 were calculated using cancer estimates from GLOBOCAN 2020 and population estimates from the United Nations. Trends in cancer incidence and mortality rates in the USA used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program and National Center for Health Statistics. Chinese data were obtained from cancer registry reports. Data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 and a decomposition method were used to express cancer deaths as the product of four determinant factors.Results:In 2022, there will be approximately 4,820,000 and 2,370,000 new cancer cases, and 3,210,000 and 640,000 cancer deaths in China and the USA, respectively. The most common cancers are lung cancer in China and breast cancer in the USA, and lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in both. Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates for lung cancer and colorectal cancer in the USA have decreased significantly recently, but rates of liver cancer have increased slightly. Rates of stomach, liver, and esophageal cancer decreased gradually in China, but rates have increased for colorectal cancer in the whole population, prostate cancer in men, and other seven cancer types in women. Increases in adult population size and population aging were major determinants for incremental cancer deaths, and case-fatality rates contributed to reduced cancer deaths in both countries.Conclusions:The decreasing cancer burden in liver, stomach, and esophagus, and increasing burden in lung, colorectum, breast, and prostate, mean that cancer profiles in China and the USA are converging. Population aging is a growing determinant of incremental cancer burden. Progress in cancer prevention and care in the USA, and measures to actively respond to population aging, may help China to reduce the cancer burden.