简介：

简介：Prestinisthemotorproteinofcochlearouterhaircells(OHCs).ItisabletoperformrapidandreciprocalelectromechanicalconversionthatunderliesOHCelectromotility.Duetotheinadequatesizeofasingleprestinmoleculetoformthe~12nmintramembraneousproteinparticles(IMPs)intheOHClateralmembrane(LM),thepossibilityofprestinoligomerizationhasbeenproposed.Ithasbeensuggestedthatprestinmoleculesformhighorderoligomers,mostlikelyasthetetramer,inheterologoussystems.InOHCs,however,theoligomericstructureofprestinremainsunclear.Herewecalculatedtheprestin-relatedchargedensityinbothgerbilandguineapigOHCsthroughmeasuringtheirnonlinearcapacitance(NLC)andLMsurfacearea,showingthattheaveragechargedensity(22,608μm-2ingerbils;19,460μm-2inguineapigs)isstatistically4timestheaveragedensityofIMPs(5,686μm-2ingerbils;5,000μm-2inguineapigs).ThissuggeststhateachIMPcontainsfourprestinmoleculesbaseduponthenotionthateachprestintransfersasingleelementarycharge,implyingthatprestinformstetramersinOHCs.Todeterminewhethertheprestintetramerfunctionsasamechanicalunit,wesubsequentlycomparedtheslopefactors(α)ofelectromotilityandNLCsimultaneouslymeasuredfromthesameOHC,showingthattheαvaluesofthetwoarestatisticallythesame.ThissuggeststhateachprestinmoleculeinthetetramerismechanicallyindependentandequallycontributestoOHCelectromotility.

简介：Stochasticadaptivecontrolisconsideredforthediscrete-timemulti-inputandmulti-outputsystemofmulti-delaywithnoiseexpressedbyanARMAprocess.TheCARIMAmodelisaspecialcaseofthesysteminquestion.Theoptimaladaptivecontrollawisgivenanditisshownthataquadraticcostfunctionisminimizedandtheclosed-loopsystemisstable.Further,whenthesystemisofminimumphase,theconvergenceratesofparameterestimatesandofthecost-functionarealsoderived.

简介：

简介：<正>Weallknowbeingphysicallyactiveisgoodforyou.Butdoweknowhowgood?Peoplecanliveupto3yearslonger,evenwithaslittleas15minofphysicalactivityaday,accordingtolastOctober’sreportbyWenandhiscolleaguesattheChinaMedicalUniversityinTaiwan,China.Manyresearchersinthefieldofsportandhealthsciencesknowbeingphysicallyactivecanbringmanybenefitstoone’slife.Butthismessagehassometimesbeendisseminatedusinganegativetone.Somuchso,BortzofCalifornia,USA,has

简介：

简介：口头语well用来表达说话者说话时自然流露出的无拘无束、自由自在的情绪。well在会话中具有很大的随意性,可能出现一次,也可能出现多次。通常置于句首,间或也放在句中。一、Well用得最多的是作为句子的开始语,出现在句子的开头。说话者用well来表明他已经听清了对方所提的问题,作一个停顿,以便调整自己的思想,构思自己所要说的话。A:Whatisthesecretofbecomingatop-class

简介：

简介：Palliativecareisthereliefofsymptomswithoutdealingwiththeunderlyingcause,e.g.useofanalgesia,torelievepain.Theuseofsuchanagentalleviatesthesymptomswithoutcuringtheunderlyingdisease.Thisisthetypeofcareforpatientswithseriousillnesses.Itfocusesonimprovingqualityoflife,notjustinyourbody,butalsoinyourmindandspirit.Thereisathinlinebetweenpalliativecareandhospicecare.

简介：

简介：WiththeeverincreasingpopularityofinternationalstandardizedEnglishproficiencytests,thetesttakers’crazeforthemhasneverbeengreater.However,theissueoftheinequitywhichcomesfromthelegitimateknowledgewhichdecidesatest-taker’sscorehasn’tbeenfullyexposed.ThetheoreticalstudyofthisissueinthispaperhelpsexplorethelegitimateknowledgetestedininternationalEnglishproficiencytests.ByexaminingthelegitimateknowledgeinthesampletestsofIELTSandTOEFL,thestudyrevealstheunderlyingbiaswhichconstitutesadecentscoreforthetesttakers.Intheend,thestudyproposesamorebalancedassessmentmodelfordiscussion.

简介：

简介：

简介：

简介：well是英语日常话语交际中最频繁使用的话语标记之一,它在话语交际中扮演着重要的角色,因此,受到国内外语言学家的广泛研究。不过,关于话语标记well在语句中的作用的研究还显得较为宏观,应该在具体的语境因素中来分析话语标记well的各种提示作用。

简介：Tostudythepossibilityofdetectingthecrossingchannelbyusingatraditionalloggingtool,acousticfieldgeneratedbyamonopolesourceinacasedwellwithacrossingchannelofvariousanglesissimulatedby2.5-DFiniteDifferenceMethod(FDM).Snapshotsofnormalstressandsynthetictime-domainwaveformsaredisplayed.Thetwo-dimensionalspectruminwave-numberandfrequencydomainsisalsocalculated,wheretheinfluenceofthechannelisclearerthanthatinthewaveforms.Numericalstudydemonstratedthatacrossingchannelcanbedetectedandsizedifitsangleisgreaterthan30degree,andlargerspacingandlowerfrequencysourcearefavorabletodetectandsizethecrossingchannel.

简介：Kunshan,acounty-levelcityineastChina'sJiangsuprovince,hasbecomeknownnationwideforhowcasingthetargetofChina'seconomicandsocialreformsthataimatbuildingupa'harmonioussocietyundersocialism,'a'societyofrelativeaffluenceinallaspects.'Speakingonthecity'sachievements,LiYuanchao,secretaryoftheJiangsuProvincialCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina,hashadthefollowingtosay.'Tangiblebenefitsforthepeoplearethepointofdepartureandendresultofthereforms.''OldSixth'

简介：

简介：Alargepartoflongevityisdependentupongenetics.Ifyourfamilymemberslivedforalongtime,chancesareyouwilltoo,But,cautionsBradleyWillcoxoftheOkinawaCentenarianStudy,inheritingasolid4setofgenesdoesn'tmakeyoubulletproof,“Ifyoudon'ttakecareoftheBenz,you'llbeworseoffthanifyouhada[eared-for]FordEscort,”hesays.Hereareafewtipstoputplentyofmilesontheodometer：

简介：TheBeijingGenomicsInstitute(BGI)ofChineseAcademyofSciences(CAS)wasofficiallyfoundedinDecember2003.Itspredecessor,BeijingHuadaGenomicsResearchCenter,haspresentedsignificantcontributionstothedevelopmentoflifesciencesinChinabyitsexcellentscientificinnovationsandachievementsinthelastfiveyears.