简介:Manyresearchershaveconcludedthatlongerlifeexpectanciespromptincreasedinvestmentineducation,asaprolongedlaborsupplyraisestherateofreturnoneducation.Besidesexplainingtheempiricalevidencebehindthisconclusion(atanabsolutelevel),thereisanotherissuetobediscussed:doestimespentstudyingandworkingincreaseproportionallywithhigherlongevity?Buildingonanextendedlife-cyclemodel,thispapershowsthatprolongedlifeexpectancywillcauseindividualstoincreasetheirtimeineducationbutmaynotwarrantrisesinlaborinput.Laterweshowthathigherimprovementrateoflongevityratherthaninitiallifeexpectancywillpromoteeconomicgrowth,evenweexcludethemechanismofhumancapitalformation,andonlyconsidergrowtheffectsofhigherimprovementrateoflifeexpectancyfromphysicalcapitalinvestment.
简介:Thethree-dimension(3D)ecologicalfootprintmakestheanalysisoftherelationshipsbetweenthedemandandsupplyofnaturalcapitalmorecrediblebyimportingfootprintdepthandfootprintsize.ThisarticleusedChina’sregionsastheobjecttoanalyzethehigh-levelsustainabilityofthenaturalcapitalfromtheviewof'ecology-efficiency-fairness'multidimensionalframework.ResearchshowedthatChina’secologicalfootprinthasrisenwhilebio-capacitypercapitahasdescendedinrecent20years.ThispaperalsodiscussesthespatialdistributionofChina’snaturalcapitalecologicalsustainability,efficiencysustainabilityandfairnesssustainability.Finally,itbuildsmulti-criteriaevaluation(MCE)modelstogetmultidimensionalsustainabilityframeworktakingecologicalsustainability,efficiencysustainability,andfairnesssustainabilityintoconsideration.
简介:BasedonthesurveydataoftypicalvillagesinShaanxiProvince,China,theeffectofsocialcapitalontheincomegapoffarmers’householdswasanalyzedusingtheShapleyvalueofthetotalamountofsocialcapitalandthesocialcapitalstructure.Theresultsshowthefollowing:first,socialcapitalcanexpandthehouseholdincomegap,andtheeffectofthisindexonthehouseholdincomegapis7.54%.Second,theindexesofthesocialcapitaldimensioncanexpandthehouseholdincomegap,andthestructuraleffectsofthehouseholdincomegaponsocialnetworks,socialtrust,andsocialparticipationare3.17%,3.64%,and0.65%,respectively.Third,nodimensionofthepathisthesameastheeffectonthehouseholdincomegap.
简介:Regionaldevelopmentisthetrendforfutureurbanization,andtheurbancircleisahighlyefficienteconomicspatialpatternofregionaldevelopment.Thisstudyselectsstatisticaldataofurbanareapopulation,GDP,andtheoutputvalueoftertiaryindustryforsevencitiesinChina-Jinan,Zibo,Tai’an,Laiwu,Dezhou,Liaocheng,andBinzhou-intheShandongprovincialcapitalurbancirclefrom2005to2009.ItusestheprinciplesandZipfmodel,rank-sizerule,andLotkalogarithmicmodeltoanalyzeandstudythehierarchicalstructureofthemetropolitansystemandeconomicdevelopmentoftheShandongprovincialcapitalurbancircle.Basedontheaboveresearch,thispaperprovidesreferencesfordecisionmakingonenhancementofthemetropolitansystemstructure,improvementincorecityprimacyindex,theoptimaladjustmentofindustrialstructureandtheoptimalallocationofessentialresources.