简介：Anumberofstudiesindicatethatglobalclimatewarminghasbeenincreasing,especiallyinrecentdecades.Climatewarminggreatlyaffectsglobalagro-productionandfoodsecurity-becomingahotspotofglobalenvironmentalchange.Thispaperproposesastructuralandorientationalframeworkforscientificallyaddressingclimaticchangeimpactonagro-production.Throughliteraturereviewsandcomparativestudies,thepapersystematicallysummarizesinfluencingmechanismsandimpactofclimatewarmingonsuchagro-productionfactorsaslight,temperature,soilqualityandwaterenvironment.Theimpactofclimatewarmingoncultivationregions,croppingsystems,croppests,agroproductioncapacity,agro-economyandfarmmanagementisanalyzed.Then,suitableclimate-adaptingagro-developmentstrategiesareputforwardfordifferentregionsinChina.Thestrategiesarecarefullyselectedfromarepositoryofinternationaltestedclimaticchangecountermeasuresinagricultureatnationalordistrictlevel.

简介：Theessentialfeatureofagricultureistheinterweave-mentofnaturalreproductionandeconomicreproduction.Inrecentyears,thenaturaldisastershavebecomemorefrequentandbadlyaffecttheproductionmanagementandinvestmentbenefits.Thisproblemhasbeenanimportantriskinmanagingagriculturallistedcompaniesandcannotbeignored.Itisofgreatimportancetoevaluateandpreventtherisksofthenaturaldisasterstoenhancethecompetitiveabilityandincreasetheprofitsofthoselistedcompanies,therebykeepingthesustainabledevelopmentofagri-culturalcompanies.

简介：Itisofpracticalsignificanceforthedecision-makingoncountryfoodsecurityandfarmlandprotectiontoanalyzetheconversionmarginsforthemajorusesofagriculturallandandtheirvariations.Basedonthepaneldataofwheat,corn,vegetable,fruit,andforestsproductionsfrom520investigatedfarmerhouseholdsof13investigatedvillagesinShandongProvincefrom2003to2009,andusingCobb-Douglasproductionfunction,therevenueconversionmarginscanbeobtainedseparately,betweendifferentgrain-crops(wheat,corn)anddifferentnon-graincrops(vegetable,fruit,forests),andtheconversionrelationshipbetweengrowinggrain(wheat,corn)andgoingoutfornon-farmwork.Theresultsshowthatfrom2003to2009,growingwheatandcornaremoreeconomicallyandreasonablyforfarmers,comparedwithgrowingvegetable,butgrowingwheatandcornarebecominglesseconomicallyandlessreasonablydaybyday,comparedwithplantingforests.Moreover,theconversionmarginbetweenwheatandfruitshowsobviousscissorsdifference.Justfrom2007,farmers'growingfruitbecameeconomicallyandreasonably,butuntil2009,comparedwithgoingouttoworkafterabandoningfarm8land,growingwheathadnoeconomicrationality.From2003to2009,farmers'growingcornismoreprofitablethangrowingfruitandgoingoutfornon-farmworkafterabandoningfarmland.Thesubsidiesforwheatandcornhaveincreasedfarmers'comparativeincomefromfoodproductionremarkably,butthesubsidiescannotchangethegeneraltendencythatfarmerstransformfood(wheat,corn)productionintonon-food(especiallyforests)production.Therevenuedifferencebetweengrowingwheat,cornandvegetableandgrowingfruitandforestsisbeingpulledceaselesslybigger,andthetendencythatfarmerstransformwheat,cornandvegetablegrowinglandsintofruitandforestsgrowinglandshasbecomeincreasinglyapparent.

简介：Companiesbearprimaryresponsibilityforlow-carboneconomy,thusrelevantlow-carbonpoliciesshouldbesetproperlytoguidethemandtoensuretheirlow-carbonproductioneffectively.Tosolvetheproblemsgeneratedduringlow-carbondevelopment,thisarticleverifiestheexistenceofthetransmissionpathandstrength.Thisverificationincludesmediatingvariablesofcompanies’willingnessandcapacitytoconductlow-carbonproduction,atransmissionmechanismthroughincentivepathandresourcesprotection,andquestionnairedataofagriculturalcompanies.Conclusionsshowthatthelowcarbonpolicieshaveobviouspositiveeffectsonwillingnessofcorporation;thebasicservice-orientedpolicyhasasignificantlypromotingeffectonlow-carbonproductioncapacity;andlow-carbonproductionperformanceispositivelyinfluencedbywillingnessaswellascapability.Aimingatabettertransmissionpath,somecorrespondingrecommendationshavebeenputforwardintheend.

简介：TheruralsettlementsaccountedforagreatproportionofoverallbuildinglandinChina,butitstillexpandedinrecentyearsalongwithurbanizationandgraduallydecreasingruralpopulation.Toexplorethereasonforthisphenomenon,ananaly-sishasbeenmadebasedontheinvestigationinatraditionalagri-culturalregion.Thisstudyfoundthatsocioeconomicfactors,in-cludingthescaleoffamiliesanditsquantity,theimprovementofruralpublicinfrastructure,thechangeofpopulationandthepres-sureofarableland,haveeffectsontheexpansion.Theviewonlandtenurewhichhasshapedinfarmersmindsinthelonghaulmakesthemdisposetheirhousescautiously,andthiswasthemaincauseofthefactthatonehouseholdownmorethanoneplot.Inaddition,thelimitationsofrurallandinstitutionareunconducivetoinspiritingthetransferoffarmers'buildinglandandredevel-opmentoftheidlehousingland.

简介：RapidurbanizationinBeijingstimulatestheurbanlandexpansionanddiminishesavailableagriculturalland.Monofunctionalagriculturallandusecannotmeetthedemandofthedevel-opmentofthemultifunctionalagricultureandurbanizationanymore,somultifunctionalagriculturallanduseisgoingtobepromotedinthecity.Thisarticleproposestheevolvementofthelandusechangefrom1992to2004anddiscussessomeevolvementviews.

简介：Basedonshift-sharemethod,thisarticleemploysregionalshare,structuralshiftandcompetitiveshifttoanalyzethestructuralbenefitandcompetitivepositionofagriculturalstructureinwesternChinabycomparingwithagriculture,foresting,stockbreedingandfishingbeforeandafterConversionofFarmlandtoForestandGrassland(CFFG).Thenauthorsdrawfollowingconclusion:whileCFFGprogramhasbeenputinpractice,theagriculturalstructureinwesternChinahassometypicalcharacteristics,suchasgrowthfaster,structuralpredominanceobviousandmorecompetitive.Butthecontributivenessfromthecompetitionisnottoomuchyet,andthestructuralbenefitofforestestateandstockbreedingarerestrained.

简介：Researchingthedynamicdistributioncharacteristicsandtrendevolutionofagriculturalcarbonemissionsisofconsiderablesignificanceinformulatinganeffectiveagriculturalcarbonreductionpolicy.Basedonmeasurementofagriculturalcarbonemissionsof31provincesovertheperiod2002-2011,thestudyobservedregionaldifferencesandthedynamicevolutionofdistributionofagriculturalcarbonemissionsusingagriculturalcarbonintensityastheindicator,accompaniedbyGinicoefficientsandthekerneldensityestimationmethod.TheresultsdemonstratefirstthatagriculturalcarbonemissionsforChinashowanobviousnonequilibriumnatureinregardtospatialdistribution.Accordingtothedifferencesinagriculturalcarbonemissionsdynamictrends,wedividedthe31regionsintofourtypes-continuousdecline,fluctuatingdecline,continuousincrease,andfluctuatingincrease.Further,agriculturalcarbonemissionsintensityshowedadownwardtrendwithsignificantdifferencesintheresearchareas.Second,thegapinspatialdistributionofnationalagriculturalcarbonemissionsisgraduallyexpandingbasedontheresultscalculatedbyGinicoefficient.Fromtheperceptionofregionaldifferencesinagriculturalcarbonemissions,theeasternregionshowedanaveragelevel,thegapwasmoreobviousinthecentralregion,whilewesternregionshowedatrendoffluctuatingdownward.Third,accordingtoestimationbykerneldensity,theregionaldisparityinagriculturalcarbonemissionshadadownward,butlimited,trend.Inregardtoagriculturalcarbonemissionsoverthethreeareas,theregionalgapnotonlytendedtodecreasebutalsoshoweda"fourway"differentiationphenomenonintheeasternregion.Thedifferenceinthecentralregiondifferencewasnarrower.Onthewhole,thegapforthewesternregionreducedsteadilyoverasmallrange.

简介：Inthispaper,weintroducethecombiningstatedpreferenceandrevealedpreferencemethodswhichisthestate-ofthe-artmethodforthevaluationofnon-marketgoods.Revealedpreferencemethodsandstatedpreference(SP)methodshavebothbeenappliedbyeconomistsinvaluingnon-marketgoods;howeverbothmethodshaveinherentweaknesses.Inordertoexploitthestrengthsofthevariousapproacheswhileminimizingtheirweaknesses,combiningthetwomethodshasbecomeanimportantmethodologicaloption.Uptonow,agrowingnumberofliteraturesofstudyingcombingthetwotypesofdatahaveevolved,andresearchersdevelopedthreetypesofmodelstoestimatecombiningrevealedpreferenceandstatedpreferencedatainacademicfields:discretechoicemodel,continuouschoicemodelandmixedchoicemodel.Combiningstatedandrevealedpreferencemethodshavebeendevelopedfastespeciallyinthetransportstudyfieldinwhichideascouldalsobeleantforenvironmentaleconomicstudies.

简介：TheTaoerRiverbasinistheepitomeinthewestofNortheastChinaanditisoneofthemostfragileandsensitiveecoregions.Thus,protectionofwaterqualityoftheTaoerRiverisimportant.Notonlypointsourcepollutionbutnon-pointsource(NPS)pollutionresultsindeterioratingwaterquality.Inthisstudy,long-termhydrologicimpactassessmentmodelwasusedtoevaluatetheimpactsoflandusechangeimpactsonNPSpollution,andthereplacementcostmethodwasusedtocalculatetheeconomiclosscausedbyNPSpollution.ThroughanalyzingtheNPSpollutantloadsofdifferentlandcategoriesandtheeconomicloss,thearticleputsforwardthatthereexistsacloserelationshipbetweenland-usetypesandNPSpollution,andagriculturalpollutionisthemaincomponentoftheNPSpollutioninthisarea.Theresultsofthisstudycanprovidedecision-makingbasisforagriculturaldevelopmentandland-usechange.

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