简介：SinceGibbssynthesizedageneralequilibriumstatisticalensembletheory,manytheoristshaveattemptedtogeneralizedtheGibbsiantheorytonon-equilibriumphenomenadomain,howeverthestatusofthetheoryofnon-equilibriumphenomenacannotbesaidasfirmaswellestablishedastheGibbsianensembletheory.Inthiswork,wepresentaframeworkforthenon-equilibriumstatisticalensembleformalismbasedonasubdynamickineticequation(SKE)rootedfromtheBrussels-Austinschoolandfollowedbysomeup-to-dateworks.TheconstructedkeyistouseasimilaritytransformationbetweenGibbsianensemblesformalismbasedonLiouvilleequationandthesubdynamicensembleformalismbasedontheSKE.Usingthisformalism,westudythespin-Bosonsystem,ascasesofweakcouplingorstronglycoupling,andobtainthereduceddensityoperatorsfortheCanonicalensembleseasily.

简介：NortheastAsiaisconfrontedwithgravenuclearproliferationsituation.Thenuclearproliferationinthisregiondemonstratestwotrends:Oneishorizontalproliferation,whichcanbeinterpreted

简介：在法文教育文献中,不时会遇到两个词,即'educationnon-formelle'和'educationinformelle',与此相对应的英文是:'informaleducation'和'non-formaleducation'。它们经常都被译为非正规教育。《英汉教育词汇》(教育科学出版社,1982年版)便是一例。在该书中,'informaleducation'被译为非正规教育(参见第92页),'non-formaleducation'一词虽未专门列目,但已把'non-formaleducationdevelopmentcenter'译为非正规教育发展中心(参见第119页),因而这两个词的译名实际上未加以区别。

简介：CunanoclusterswereelectrochemicallydepositedonthefilmofaNafion-solubilizedmulti-wallcarbonnanotubes(CNTs)modifiedglassycarbonelectrode(CNTs-GCE),whichfabricatedaCu-CNTscompositesensor(Cu-CNTs-GCE)todetectglucosewithnon-enzyme.Thelinearrangeis7.0×10-7to3.5×10-3mol/Lwithahighsensitivityof17.76μA/(mmolL),withalowdetectionlimit2.1×10-7mol/L,fastresponsetime(within5s),goodreproducibilityandstability.

简介：在非通用的条件下面发生在平面快慢的系统的虚报现象被调查。什么时候批评歧管让非通用的褶层指由使用分析与最近发达的发作技术相结合的asymptotic的方法，一张虚报的存在被建立，一张虚报为存在的参数的asymptotic扩大被获得。

简介：

简介：ThepaperistogeneralizetherigiditytheoremthatthespecialWeingartensurfaceisthespheretothecaseofsubmanifolds.Itisprovedthatanon-negativelyimmersedcompactsubmaifnoldinspaceformofconstantcurvatureisaRiemannianproductofseveraltotallyumbilicalsubmanifoldsifthemeancurvatureandthescalarcurvatureofthesubmanifoldsatisfyacertainfunctionrelation.

简介：Non-lineardynamics,fractals,periodicoscillations,bifurcations,chaos,andotherterminologieshavebeenusedtodescribehumanbiologicalsystemsintheliteratureforafewdecades.Theeightmanuscriptsincludedinthisspecialissuediscussedthehistoricalbackground,selectedtheoretical

简介：Inthecontextofadvectiondynamics,19experiments(Exps.)areperformedusingaquasi-geostrophicbarotropicvorticityequationmodeltoexploretheconditionforthemergenceofbinaryvorticesandtheself-organizationofthelargerscalevortex.Resultsshowthattheinitialdistancebetweenthecentersofbinaryvorticesandthenon-axisymmetricdistributionsoftheirinitialvorticityaretwofactorsaffectingthemergenceofbinaryvortices.Thereisacriticaldistanceforthemergenceofinitialsymmetricbinaryvortices,however,themergenceofinitialnon-axisymmetricbinaryvorticesisalsoaffectedbytheasymmetricstructureofinitialvortices.Theself-organizationprocessesin19experimentscanbeclassifiedintotwotypes:oneisthemergingofidentical,axisymmetricbinaryvorticesinwhichtheinteractionofthetwovorticesundergoesslowlychange,rapidchange,andtheformation,stretching,anddevelopmentofthefilamentsofvorticity,andthetwovorticesmergeintoasymmetricvortex,withitsvorticitypiledupintheinnerregioncomingfromthetwoinitialvortices,andthevorticityofthespiralbandintheouterregionfromthestretchingofthefilamentsofthetwoinitialvortices.Andtheothertypeisthemergingofthetwonon-axisymmetricinitialvorticesofanellipticvortexandaneccentricvortexinwhichtheellipticvortex,ontheonehand,mutuallyrotates,andontheotherhandmovestowardsthecenterofthecomputationaldomain,atthesametimeexpandsitsvorticityarea,andatlastformstheinnercoreofresultantstatevortex;andtheeccentricvortexmutuallyrotates,meanwhilecontinuouslystretches,andfinallyformsthespiralbandofresultantstatevortex.Theinteractionprocessischaracteristicofthevorticitypiledupintheinnercoreregionofresultantstatevortexoriginatingfromtheellipticvortexandthevorticityinspiralbandmainlyfromthesuccessivestretchandruptureoftheeccentricvortex.

简介：在这份报纸，我们介绍添加剂在normed空格的功能的不平等和二次的功能的不平等，并且在Banach空格证明功能的不平等的Hyers-Ulam稳定性。而且，我们介绍添加剂在非阿基米得的normed空格的功能的不平等和二次的功能的不平等，并且在非阿基米得的Banach空格证明功能的不平等的Hyers-Ulam稳定性。

简介：本文以语言学、认知心理学和学习论等理论为指导,根据中国学生在非目标语交际环境中对某些词素习得序列的研究成果,探讨词素习得在目标语与非目标语交际环境中的异同特点。作者提出,语言习得和语言学习是一个互为依托的认知过程,只要在语言课堂里能给学生提供有效而丰富的语言理解输入,语言习得是一种渐进而有序的必然现象。比较研究证明,学习与习得过程要受语言内部规律的制约。国内外词素习得序列的研究成果对语言教学和教材编写有积极意义。

简介：

简介：Anewtypeofnon-preheatedhardfacingelectrodewasdevelopedusingH08Aasthecoreandthecoatcontentsincludingferrotitanium,ferrovanadium,graphite,rutileetc.Themicrostructuresandpropertiesofhardfacingmetalweresystematicallyresearched.Theresultsshowthehardnessofhardfacingmetalincreaseswithincreasingofferrotitanium,ferrovanadium,graphiteinthecoat,butthecrackresistanceandprocessingweldabilitybecomeworse.Thecarbidesformedbyarcmetallurgicreactionareuniformlydispersedinthematrixstructure.Thephasesofhardfacingmetalconsistofα-Fe,γ-Fe,VC,TiCandFe3C.ThecarbidesarecompressionaggregationofTiCandVC,andtheirappearancespresentirregularblock.Thematrixmicrostructureofhardfacingmetalislathmartensite.Thehardfacinglayerswithbettercrackresistanceandwearabilityareachievedandnovisiblecracksoccurwhenusingnon-preheatedelectrodeincontinuousweldingprocess.Hardnessofhardfacingmetalismorethan60HRC,anditsrelativewearabilityisfivetimesofwearabilityofD667electrodeinabrasiveweartest.

简介：Inprinciple,non-HermitianquantumequationsofmotioncanbeformulatedusingasastartingpointeithertheHeisenberg’sortheSchrdinger’spictureofquantumdynamics.Hereitisshowninbothcaseshowtomapthealgebraofcommutators,definingthetimeevolutionintermsofanon-HermitianHamiltonian,ontoanon-HamiltonianalgebrawithaHermitianHamiltonian.Thelogicbehindsuchaderivationisreversible,sothatanyHermitianHamiltoniancanbeusedintheformulationofnon-Hermitiandynamicsthroughasuitablealgebraofgeneralized(non-Hamiltonian)commutators.Theseresultsprovideageneralstructure(atemplate)fornon-Hermitianequationsofmotiontobeusedinthecomputersimulationofopenquantumsystemsdynamics.

简介：Forinitiativeapplicationofnon-oxidesinrefractories,itisessentialtostudythermodynamicpropertiesofnon-oxides.Thestabilityandstableorderofnon-oxidesunderoxidizedatmosphereareanalyzedfirstlyandthenanewprocess,"conversereactionsintering",isproposed.Theresultsofstudyonoxidationmechanismofsiliconandaluminumnitridesindicatethatthegaseoussuboxidescanbeproducedobservablywhentheoxygenpartialpressureislowerthan"conversionoxygenpartialpressure".Thesuboxidescanbedepositednearthesurfaceofcompositetobecomeacompactlayer.Thiscausesthematerialpossessingaperformanceof"self-impedientoxidation".MetalSiandAlarethebetteradditivesforincreasingthedensityandwidthofcompactlayerandincreasingtheabilityofanti-oxidationandanti-corrosion.ThestudyonSi3N4-Al2O3,Si3N4-MgO,Si3N4-SiCsystemsisalsoenumeratedasexamplesinthepaper.TheexperimentalresultsshowthattheconversereactionsinteringisabletomakehighperformancecompositesandmetalSiandAlnotonlycanpromotethesinteringbutalsoincreasethedensityandwidthofcompactlayer.

简介：Wehavecarriedoutanexperimentalstudyofliquiddropimpactonsuperhydrophobicsubstratescoveredbyacarpetofchemicallycoatednano-wires.Themicro-structureofthesurfaceissimilartosomebiologicalones(Lotusleafforexample).Inthissituationthecontactanglecanthenbeconsideredasequalto180degrees,withnohysteresis.Duetoitsinitialinertia,thedropexperiencesaflatteningphaseafterithitsthesurface,takingtheshapeofapancake.Onceitreachesitsmaximallateralextension,thedropbeginstoretractandbouncesback.Wehaveextractedthelateralextensionofthedrop,andweproposeamodelthatexplainsthetrend.Wefindalimitinitialvelocitybeyondwhichthedropprotrudesintothenano-wirecarpet.Wediscusstherelevanceofpracticalissuesintermsofself-cleaningsurfacesorspray-cooling.

简介：

简介：ChimonanthusplantswidelydistributedinsouthernareaofChina,whichhavealonghistoryofediblesandmedicine.PhytochemicalinvestigationshaveshownthatChimonanthusproduced143non-volatileconstituents,includingalkaloids,flavonoids,terpenoids,coumarinsandothers,whichexhibitsignificantanti-oxidant,anti-bacterial,anti-cancer,anti-inflammatory,antihyperglycemic,antihyperlipidemicandotherbiologicalactivities.Onthebasisofsystematicreviewingofliteratures,thisarticleoverviewsthenon-volatileconstituentsandpharmacologyofChimonanthusfromdomesticandforeignoverthelast30years(untilJune2018),andmayprovideausefulreferenceforthefurtherdevelopmentofChimonanthus.

简介：

简介：ForaBanachSpaceXGarcia-FalsetintroducedthecoefficientR(X)andshowedthatifR(X)<2thenXhasafixedpoint.Inthispaper,wedefineameannon-expansivemappingTonXinthesensethat‖Tx-Ty‖≤a‖x-Y‖+b‖x-Ty‖foranyx,y∈X,wherea,5≥0,a+b≤1.WeshowthatifR(X)<2/(1+b)thenThasafixedpointinX.