简介：寒冷/热采购的空气调节(交流)的选择通常关于某些方面担心并且不能揭示这些问题的整个侧面。灰关系分析(GRA)是处理方法与不明确的信息在一个系统分类比较序列和某个引用顺序的关联程度的一个数据。它被用于从四个主要方面评估并且选择交流寒冷/热的来源，它是技术，经济，可靠性，和操作和管理。选择交流寒冷/热的结果与GRA方法采购的案例研究表演能是更合理的并且可使信服。因此，它在加热为设计者提供一条新途径，通气，比较并且评估不同ACcold/heat的空气调节地采购原料。

简介：Anairsourceheatpumpsystem(ASHPS)usedinanofficebuildingissetupandstudiedexperimentally.Itsoperatingperformanceinwinterisevaluatedbasedontestdataandacomparativediscussionisgivenontheeffectofclimateconditionsandheatingloadratioontheoperationbehavior.Thenheatingcapacityvariationcausedbyevaporatorfrostingisanalyzedaswell.Finally,thedefrostingparametersandthetechnicalfeasibilityarestudiedforaconstantheatingdemand.TheexperimentalresultsindicatethatboththeoutletwatertemperaturedropandthesystemCOPshouldbetakenintoaccountwhensettingdefrostingparameters,andASHPSisaviabletechnologyforspaceheatingandhot-waterproductioninwinterinTianjin,whichcanmaintaintheroomtemperatureabove19℃whentheoutdoortemperatureis-2℃.

简介：Variable-air-volume(VAV)air-conditioningsystemisamulti-variablesystemandhasmulticouplingcontrolloops.Whileallofthecontrolloopsareworkingtogether,theyinterfereandinfluenceeachother.AmultivariabledecouplingPIDcontrollerisdesignedforVAVair-conditioningsystem.Diagonalmatrixdecouplingmethodisemployedtoeliminatethecouplingbetweentheloopofsupplyairtemperatureandthatofthermal-spaceairtemperature.ThePIDcontrollerparametersareoptimizedbymeansofanimprovedgeneticalgorithminfloatingpointrepresentationstoobtainbetterperformance.Thepopulationintheimprovedgeneticalgorithmmutatesbeforecrossover,whichishelpfulfortheconvergence.Additionallythemicromutationalgorithmisproposedandappliedtoimprovetheconvergenceduringthelaterevolution.Tosearchthebestparameters,theoptimizedparametersrangesshouldbeamplified10timestheinitialidealparameters.Thesimulationandexperimentresultsshowthatthedecouplingcontrolsystemiseffectiveandfeasible.Themethodcanovercomethestrongcouplingfeatureofthesystemandhasshortergoverningtimeandlessover-shootthannon-optimizationPIDcontrol.

简介：为本地人的明确的表情，即时没有生产率模型被建议不在狂暴的甲烷空气模仿形成燃烧。混合部分和分级的驱散的平均生产率通过二单个变量的概率密度功能的近似从渐近线被获得。理论在theoxygen消费地区从氧化氩氮的机制从Zel-dovich机制，而是可以忽略的贡献预言了重要贡献。建议模型被用来不在pilotmethane空气喷气散开燃烧模仿形成。模拟结果与CFD软件获得的那些相比是流畅的模块。有USA的SandiaNational实验室给的试验性的数据的预言的确认显示建议模型比另外的模型产出更好的结果，并且偏差不到5%。并且在一些完全反应地区，模拟结果与试验性的数据一样是平的。压力模型和standardk-ω建模的雷纳德可实现的k-ε模型也被调查预言狂暴的燃烧反应，它证明模拟由ω模型根据试验性的数据的标准k-燃烧生产的速度，温度，和集中结果。

简介：Inthispaper,theequilibriumsurfacetensionandthedynamicsurfacetensionofaqueousTritonX100solutionattemperature25℃weremeasuredbymeansofWilhelmyplatemethodandmaximalbubblepressuremethodrespectively.Thedeterminedcriticalmicellarconcentration(cmc)ofTritonX-100at25℃is2.2×10^-4mol/dm^3.TheadsorptionmechanicsofTritonX-100atair/solutionwasdetermined.Forthesubmicellarconcentrationsitisdiffusion-controlled.Thediffusioncoefficientwascalculatedfromtheexperimentaldataintherangeofshortlimit.Intherangeoflongtimeadsorption,thesubsurfaceconcentrationisfittedfromthemeasureddynamicsurfacetensions.