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简介：ResidentialwateruseisgraduallybecomingthefocusinChina'smunicipalwatersupplyplanningandmanagementinrecentyears.Littleisknown,however,abouttheresidentialwateruseinmodemChinaduetothetransitionofeconomyandenhancementofmanagementonwaterconservation.InordertobetterunderstandthecharacteristicsofresidentialwateruseinNorthChina,amodelforidentifyingthedeterminantsofresidentialwaterusewasestablishedandanalyzedbyusingpaneldataandcross-sectiondatamethodologies.ThenTaiyuancity,thecapitalcityofShanxiProvinceinNorthernChinawasselectedasacasestudy.Boththeanalysesandfieldinvestigationindicatethattherelativelyslowincreaseofresidentialwateruseinrecentyearsmayresultfromtheimplementationofstrictlawsandregulationsonwaterconservation.Andthroughtheinvestigation,first-handinformationaboutwaterconsumptionpattern,waterreuse/conservation,people'sattitudetowardwaterquantityandquality,etc.havebeenobtained.

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简介：Thispaperpresentsanoveltransformermagneticbiasingcontrolmethodforhigh-powerhigh-performanceACpowersupplies.Seriousconsequencesduetomagneticbiasingandseveralmethodstoovercomemagneticbiasingarefirstdiscussed.Thecausesofthetransformermagneticbiasingarethenanalyzedindetail.Theproposedmethodisbasedonahigh-passfilterinsertedintheforwardpathandthefeedforwardcontrol.Withouttestingmagneticbiasingoftransformer,thismethodcaneliminatemagneticbiasingoftransformercompletelyinreal-timewaveformfeedbackcontrolsystemsthoughtheaeroerroroftheHalleffectsensorsvarieswithtimeandtemperature.Themethodhasalreadybeenemployedina90KVAACpowersupply.Itisshownthatitoffersimprovedperformanceoverexistingones.Inthismethod,nosensorsareusedsuchthatthezeroerroroftheHalleffectsensorshasnotanyinfluenceonthesystem.Itissimpletodesignandimplement.Furthermore,themethodissuitableforvariouspowerapplications.

简介：AsurveywascarriedoutatthelargestricecultivationareainPeninsularMalaysia,theMudariceagroecosystem.Themainobjectiveofthisstudywastodocumenttheoverallbiodiversityassociatedwiththisuniqueagroecosystembyusingacombinationofsamplingtechniquesinordertorecorddifferentgroupsoffaunaandflora.Thetotalnumberofbiotarecordedandidentifiedfromthericefieldecosystemduringthestudyperiodconsistedof46speciesofzooplankton,81speciesofaquaticinsects,5speciesofrodents,7speciesofbats,87speciesofbirds,11speciesoffishesand58speciesofweeds.Along-termstudyshouldbecarriedoutasmorespeciesareexpectedtoberecordedwhenmoreoftheMudariceagroecosystemareahasbeensampledtoobtainsufficientinformationontheMudariceagrobiodiversity.

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简介：Cityisacouplingsystemofeconomy,societyandenvironment.Theurbanenvironmentisasupportingsystemtothesustainabledevelopmentofcity.TakingtheurbanareaofChongqingasanexample,thispaperestablishestheindicatorsystemforassessmentofthecoordinationbetweenurbanenvironmentandeconomyaccordingtotheresultfromprincipalcomponentanalysesbysoftwareSPSS11.0.Meanwhile,theweightwasassignedforeachindicatorbasedontheloadofthefirstproperprincipalcomponents.Throughcomputationofthecoordinateddevelopmentmodelsetupaccordingtotheknowledgeofstatistics,thepaperdrawstheconclusionthatthesituationofthecoordinationbetweenenvironmentandeconomyinChongqingdevelopedwellfrom1996to2004.Finally,countermeasuresforthecoordina-tioninthecomingyearsareproposed.

简介：AbstractTuberculosis (TB) is on the rise in Pakistan and there could be multiple reasons including poverty, difficulty in access to TB treatment services, non-compliance with treatment, social stigma etc. According to the TB program managers, limited treatment and testing sites for tuberculosis and lack of trained human resources play a major role in compromising TB management. A major lacuna in the TB control program is the absence of active contact tracing strategy. This is essential for a disease where positive cases are known to be able to infect a further 10-15 individuals in a year. Tackling tuberculosis in Pakistan has been beleaguered by funding challenges and other systems’ bottlenecks such as lack of skilled human resources and insufficient supply of medicines, despite the fact that disease burden is one of the highest in the world. Although it is a notifiable disease, active case finding, contact tracing and reporting is notoriously low throughout the country. Access to diagnostics and treatment facilities has been limited and stigma attached to the disease remains deeply entrenched among the communities. Researchers have shown that enhanced and active approaches to contact investigation effectively identifies additional patients with TB among household contacts at a relatively modest cost. USAID’s Integrated Health Systems Strengthening and Service Delivery Activity extended support to the Health Departments of Sindh and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provinces. In collaboration with the two provincial TB programs, community based active contact tracing was conducted on 17,696 individuals, based on the index cases. Among the contacts traced, 243 cases were diagnosed as drug sensitive or drug resistant TB. Awareness sessions were conducted to sensitize people on the various aspects of disease and importance of getting tested. The project also supported establishing three satellite Programmatic Management of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (PMDT) sites for drug resistant TB treatment, enhancing the programs’diagnostic and testing capacity.

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简介：TheprobabilityoffractaldeterminationofcoastaltypesbasedonGISispreliminarilydiscussedwithChinaasanexample.Finally,somesignificantconclusionsaredrawn:(1)Thefractaldimensionofcoastlineofthebedrockcoastislargerthanthatoftheplaincoastonthesamescalemap;(2)Asfarasthebedrockcoastisconcerned,thelargerfractaldimensionofcoastlineofthebedrockcoastonthesamescalemapindicatesthatthebedrockcoastisprobablynottypical;(3)Asfarastheplaincoastisconcerned,thesmallerfractaldimensionofcoastlineoftheplaincoastonthesamescalemapindicatesthatitisprobablythesiltplaincoast;(4)Thedifferentsubstantialcompositionsaffectthefractaldimensionsofcoastlinesofdifferentcoastaltypes.Ingeneral,thecoastwhichliesinthenorthoftheHangzhouBayconsistsofsandmainly,itssurfaceisflat,anditisconnectedwiththecoastalplain,itslandformisbroadshoal,itstotalchangeiscomparativelyhomogenousinthetidaldynamicprocess,andthus,therelativelysmallerfractaldimensionofcoastlineresultsfromthis.Forthebedrockcoast,thereismorebedrock,thecoastlineiscomparativelysmoothandstraight,beingaffectedbythefaultsandoceandynamicprocess,whichresultinthelargerfractaldimension.

简介：在在灰尘天气的半球和它的可能的角色的低频率摆动在2002在诺思中国上袭击事件作为案例研究被分析。结果证明阿留申群岛之土人Low在3060天的摆动上在南半球与环极涡旋被连接，与趋于加深可能对尘暴事件的产生有用的阿留申群岛之土人Low的弱环极涡旋。在这后面的可能的机制是吝啬的经向环流的内部半球的相互作用，与在东亚上的主要可变性。在在上面的水平对流层的南半球的高纬度的带的吝啬的偏午可以带北半球的，它然后在北半球影响地方性环流。因此，低频率摆动电视连接是在在诺思中国上在南半球发行量和灰尘事件之间联合的一个可能的连接。然而，内部低频率摆动的年变化是不清楚的。

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简介：Foghasrecentlybecomeafrequenthigh-impactweatherphenomenonalongthecoastalregionsofNorthChina.Accuratefogforecastingremainschallengingduetolimitedunderstandingofthepredictabilityandmechanismoffogformationassociatedwithsynoptic-scalecirculation.Onefrequentsynopticpatternoffogformationinthisareaisassociatedwithcoldfrontpassage(cold-frontsynopticpattern,CFSP).ThispaperexploredthepredictabilityofatypicalCFSPfogeventfromtheperspectiveofanalyzingkeycharacteristicsofsynoptic-scalecirculationdeterminingfogforecastingperformanceandthepossiblemechanism.TheeventwasensembleforecastedwiththeWeatherResearchandForecastingmodel.Twogroupsofensemblememberswithgoodandbadforecastingperformancewereselectedandcomposited.Resultsshowedthatthepredictabilityofthiscasewaslargelydeterminedbythesimulatedstrengthsofthecold-frontcirculation(i.e.,troughandridgeandtheassociatedsurfacehigh).Thebad-performingmemberstendedtohaveaweakerridgebehindastrongertrough,andassociatedhigherpressureoverlandandaweakersurfacehighoverthesea,leadingtoanadverseimpactonstrengthanddirectionofsteeringflowsthatinhibitwarmmoistadvectionandenhancecolddryadvectiontransportedtothefocusregion.Associatedwiththiscolddryadvection,adversesynopticconditionsofstratificationandmoistureforfogformationwereproduced,consequentlycausingfailureoffogforecastinginthefocusregion.Thisstudyhighlightstheimportanceofaccuratesynoptic-scaleinformationforimprovedCFSPfogforecasting,andenhancesunderstandingoffogpredictabilityfromperspectiveofsynoptic-scalecirculation.

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简介：ThisresearchisanevaluationofthemethodologyusedintheenvironmentalprogramsinsecondaryeducationofHeraklionPrefectureofCreteintheframeofeducationforsustainabledevelopment（ESD）.Anevaluationtoolwasappliedontheapplicationforms（AFs）andthefinalreports（FRs）oftheschoolprogramsinordertoassesshowtheypromotesustainabilityandwhethertheysatisfythegeneralguidelinesandprinciplesoftheproposedmethodologyofESD.Theeducationalmethodology,whichwasusedintheprograms,combinedelementsfromthemethodofresearchessayanddidacticresearchandwasnotrichininnovativeeducationaltechniques.Almostallprograms,moreorless,promotedtheinterdisciplinaryapproach,theteamworkwithundertakingofresponsibilities,divisionofroles,andpromotionofself-action.Severalactivitiestookplaceoutsidetheschoolonthefield.

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