简介:MetaloxidesemiconductormaterialssuchasZnOhavetremendouspotentialaslightabsorbersforphotocatalysedelectrodesintheelectrochemicalreductionofwater.PromoterssuchasrGOhavebeenaddedtoreducetherecombinationlossesofchargecarriersandimproveitsphotoelectrochemicalactivity.Inthisstudy,theeffectoflayerorderingonthechargetransferpropertiesofrGO-hybridisedZnOsandwichthinfilmsforthephoto-catalysedelectrochemicalreductionofwaterwasinvestigated.rGO-hybridisedZnOsandwichthinfilmswerepreparedviaafacileelectrodepositiontechniqueusingalayer-by-layerapproach.ThethinfilmswereanalysedusingFESEM,XRD,Raman,PL,UV–vis,EISandCVtechniquestoinvestigateitsmorphological,opticalandelectrochemicalproperties.TheFESEMimagesshowtheformationofdistinctlayersofrGOandZnOnanorods/flakesviathelayer-by-layermethod.XRDconfirmedthewurtzitestructureofZnO.PLspectroscopyrevealedareductionofphotoemissionintensityinthevisibleregion(580nm)whenrGOwasincorporatedintotheZnOthinfilm.Amongthesixthinfilmsprepared,ZnO/rGOshowedsuperiorperformancecomparedtotheotherthinfilms(0.964mA/cm)duetothepresenceofgrapheneedgeswhichparticipateasheterogenouselectrocatalystsinthephotocatalysedelectrolysisofwater.rGOalsoactsaselectronacceptor,formingann-pheterojunctionwhichimprovestheactivityofZnOtooxidisewatermoleculestoO_2.EISrevealedthattheapplicationofrGOasbackcontact(rGO/ZnO,rGO/ZnO/rGO)reducesthechargetransferresistanceofasemiconductorthinfilm.Alternatively,rGOasfrontcontact(ZnO/rGO,rGO/ZnO/rGO)improvesthephoto-catalysedelectrolysisofwaterthroughtheparticipationoftherGOedgesinthechemicalactivationofwater.Thefindingsfromthisstudyindicatethatthelayerorderingsignificantlyaffectsthethinfilm'selectrostaticpropertiesandthisunderstandingcanbefurtheradvantageousfortunableapplications.
简介:Thestudyonthedecaypropertiesofnewisotopeslocatedfarfromthebetastabilitylineiscurrentthefocusofnuclearphysics.ForisotopesintheregionZ>82andN<126,-emissionprevailsasradioactivedecaymodeand-spectroscopyisthemostimportanttooltoobtaininformationonthenuclearstructure.IntheheavynucleiregionwithN=124and126isotones,anintruderstate(h9=2.f7=2)8+basedontheattractiveinteractionoff7=2protonsandf5=2neutronshasbeensignificantlyobserved,whichincreasesthebindingenergyofthisconfigurationwithincreasingprotonnumber.
简介:摘要:城市的快速发展离不开轨道交通这类重大基础设施,其中,对机电设备的成本把控制定,是保障项目在经济与社会层面取得预期效益的关键环节。聚焦于轨道交通建设中涉及到的机电系统,研究其成本控制的主要影响因子,并提炼出一套针对性的管控方针。本文通过梳理相关文献和分析具体案例,明确在设计阶段的关键决策点、材料选取、施工技艺、供应链协调、风险评估以及合同管理等方面的重要影响因子。本文深入探讨这些因素对建造成本的影响,并提出切实有效的控制策略。本文着重指出,在控制机械与电子设备的成本方面,采取全面的管控措施至关重要,并提出借助技术革新和流程改进来达成成本缩减的目标。本项研究为地铁等轨道交通项目的机电设备成本管控,提供理论支撑与实际操作指南。
简介:摘要:本文针对学生不易掌握导数含参数问题中参数该如何分类的问题,通过对几个典型问题的探究,结合流程图来对参数的分类方法和含参数问题的求解步骤来进行总结,形成解决此类问题的模式化解题方法。用流程图来体现参数的分类方法,直观明了,易理解,将解题思想流程化,易操作。