简介:Enlargedvestibularaqueduct(EVA),themostfrequentidentifiablecauseofcongenitalhearingloss,isevaluatedwithhigh-definitionmultidetectorCTintheaxialplane.OurpurposewastodeterminewhichreformattedCTmeasurementsaremostreproducible.Sevenmultiplanarreformattedimageswerecreatedforeachofthe64temporalbonesinpatientswithEVA.Intraclasscorrelationcoefficients(ICC)wereusedtoassessinter-observervariability,andbothlinearregressionandROCanalyseswereusedtocomparethemeasurementswithseverityofhearingloss,asassessedbypuretoneaudiometry.Allsevenmeasurementshadexcellentinter-observervariability,withaverage-measureICCrangingfrom0.92to0.98.Therewasnostatisticallysignificantcorrelationbetweentheradiologicdegreeofaqueductenlargementandseverityofhearinglossusinganyofthesevenmeasurements;ROCanalysesrevealedareasunderthecurvesrangingfrom0.57to0.73.Optimalaccuracywasobtainedwithathresholdof1.75mmasmeasuredattheaqueductalapertureintheP€oschlplane,withsensitivityof0.75andspecificityof0.63.AlthoughtheradiologicmeasurementmaynotserveasareliabletoolforassessingseverityofEVA,P€oschlplanereformattinghasproventobebetterthanconventionalaxialacquisitionplaneforidentifyingpatientswithclinicallysignificanthearingloss.
简介:摘要目的明确小肠梗阻患者CT特征是否具有预测手术时机的作用。方法本研究在2010年1月至2012年6月共纳入出现小肠梗阻并具有完整影像资料的患者63例。由两名影像科医生对影像资料进行回顾分析。采用χ2及Fisher检验对患者的影像学特征及手术处理进行单因素分析。同时将显著性因素采用Logistic回归模型进行多因素分析。结果单因素分析结果显示3种CT特征与需要进行手术处理存在相关性,分别为完全性肠梗阻、小肠扩张>4cm及出现转换点。多因素分析显示出现转换点为小肠梗阻进行手术处理的显著因素(OR=19,95%置信区间1.8-201,p=0.014)。结论在发生小肠梗阻的患者中,CT特征出现转换点的患者需要进行手术的机率显著增加
简介:摘要目的探讨在CT增强扫描中如何更好、更有效地使用高压注射器,为临床诊断提供有力的影像支持。方法对235例患者使用高压注射器做增强扫描,取得良好的诊断效果。结果使用高压注射器做增强扫描的患者235例,231例注药顺利,完成增强扫描,占总数的98.3%。1例因对比剂外渗,扫描途中停机重新穿刺、注药完成扫描,占总数0.42%。2例因注药过程中留置针侧孔脱开,致药液外漏,重新注药后扫描成功,占总数0.85%。1例因高压注射对比剂后,CT装置未及时触发,错过设置的扫描时相致增强失败,占总数的0.42%.结论正确、合理地使用高压注射器,可获得更为精准的诊断资料,有利于提高临床诊断水平。
简介:摘要目的研究血液灌流联合结肠透析在急性百草枯中毒救治中的作用。方法106例急性百草枯中毒患者分为治疗组和对照组,在综合治疗的基础上,治疗组进行血液灌流与结肠透析联合治疗,对照组实施血液灌流。比较入院后12h、24h、48h及72h检测血液及尿液百草枯质量浓度,分析两组肺纤维化、多脏器功能衰竭、死亡病例存活时间及病死率。结果两组患者血液及尿液中百草枯浓度随治疗时间均呈进行性下降趋势,治疗组下降趋势更为明显,与对照组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05);治疗组死亡病例平均生存时间显著高于对照组(P<0.01),肺纤维化、多脏器功能衰竭病例低于对照组,差异有显著性(P<0.05),死亡率低于对照组,但无无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论血液灌流联合结肠透析能够有效的降低患者血液和尿液中百草枯浓度,降低肺纤维化和多脏器功能损伤发生率。
简介:摘要目的分析饮食护理对溃疡性结肠炎患者的营养状况的影响。方法选择在2012年8月-2013年2月期间在我院接受治疗的100例溃疡性结肠炎患者,将这100例患者随机地进行分组,分为观察组和对照组各50例。对对照组的50例溃疡性结肠炎患者进行常规护理,对观察组50例溃疡性结肠炎患者进行常规护理的基础上再给予饮食护理。对两组患者治疗前后营养指标、治疗疗效以及患者及家属对护理的满意等情况进行观察对比。结果经过长时间观察,观察组50例溃疡性结肠炎患者在采取饮食护理后,取得了满意效果,在营养指标、治疗疗效以及患者及家属满意度等方面均优于对照组,两组形成的差异大,在统计学方面具有意义(p<0.05)。结论对溃疡性结肠炎患者进行饮食护理,有助于改善患者营养状况,提高治疗疗效,提高患者以及家属对于护理的满意度,说明饮食护理值得在溃疡性结肠炎患者的护理中被推广、应用。
简介:ObjectiveToexplorethevalueofcomputedtomographyvirtualendoscopy(VE)inassessingossicularchaindisruptionintemporalbonefractureandeartraumawithintacttympanum.MethodsHighresolutionspiralcomputerizedtomography(CT)wascompletedin35casesoftemporalbonefractureand5casesoftympanumtrauma,allwithintactorhealedtympanum.Three-dimensionalreconstructionwascompletedus-ingavirtualendoscopysoftware.Audiologicaltestswereconductedinallpatientsandevaluationoffacialnerveinjuryinpatientswithfacialparalysis.Patientswithmildconductivedeafness,ossicularchainsublux-ationonVE,andnofacialparalysisweretreatedconservativelyfor4-12weekswithrepeatedhearingevalu-ation;thosewithfacialparalysisunderwentsurgeryifnorecoveryafter4-8weeksofconservativetreat-ment.Patientswithmoderatetosevereconductivehearinglossormixedhearingloss,incuslongprocessfractureordislocationonVEandfacialparalysis,underwentossicularchainreconstructionandfacialnervedecompressionafterconservativetreatmentfor4-8weeks,orexploratorytympanotomyonlyifnofacialpa-ralysis.VE,audiologicaltestsandfacialnervefunctiontestswererepeatedin3-6monthsaftersurgery.Re-sultsOfthe6caseswithmildconductivehearingloss,ossicularchainsubluxationandnofacialparalysis,3recoveredtonormalhearingspontaneouslyand3showednosignificantimprovement,after4-12weeksofconservativetreatment.Afterconservativetreatmentfor4-8weeks,3ofthe12caseswithmildconductivedeafness,ossicularchaindislocationonVEandfacialparalysisrecoveredtonormalhearingandHouse-Brackmann(HB)gradeIfacialfunctionfromHBgradeII,4showedfacialfunctionrecoverytoHBgradeI(n=2)orII(n=2)fromHBgradeIIIbutnohearingrecovery,and5gainednorecoveryandwentontoreceiveexploratorytympanotomyandfacialnervedecompression.The11caseswithmoderatetosevereconductivedeafness,incuslongprocessfr
简介:ObjectiveToexplorethevalueofcomputedtomographyvirtualendoscopy(VE)inassessingossicularchaindisruptionintemporalbonefractureandeartraumawithintacttympanum.MethodsHighresolutionspiralcomputerizedtomography(CT)wascompletedin35casesoftemporalbonefractureand5casesoftympanumtrauma,allwithintactorhealedtympanum.Three-dimensionalreconstructionwascompletedusingavirtualendoscopysoftware.Audiologicaltestswereconductedinallpatientsandevaluationoffacialnerveinjuryinpatientswithfacialparalysis.Patientswithmildconductivedeafness,ossicularchainsubluxationonVE,andnofacialparalysisweretreatedconservativelyfor4-12weekswithrepeatedhearingevaluation;thosewithfacialparalysisunderwentsurgeryifnorecoveryafter4-8weeksofconservativetreatment.Patientswithmoderatetosevereconductivehearinglossormixedhearingloss,incuslongprocessfractureordislocationonVEandfacialparalysis,underwentossicularchainreconstructionandfacialnervedecompressionafterconservativetreatmentfor4-8weeks,orexploratorytympanotomyonlyifnofacialparalysis.VE,audiologicaltestsandfacialnervefunctiontestswererepeatedin3-6monthsaftersurgery.ResultsOfthe6caseswithmildconductivehearingloss,ossicularchainsubluxationandnofacialparalysis,3recoveredtonormalhearingspontaneouslyand3showednosignificantimprovement,after4-12weeksofconservativetreatment.Afterconservativetreatmentfor4-8weeks,3ofthe12caseswithmildconductivedeafness,ossicularchaindislocationonVEandfacialparalysisrecoveredtonormalhearingandHouseBrackmann(HB)gradeIfacialfunctionfromHBgradeII,4showedfacialfunctionrecoverytoHBgradeI(n=2)orII(n=2)fromHBgradeIIIbutnohearingrecovery,and5gainednorecoveryandwentontoreceiveexploratorytympanotomyandfacialnervedecompression.The11caseswithmoderatetosevereconductivedeafness,incuslongprocessfractureordis
简介:目的探索耳内镜在桥小脑角(CPA)手术中的应用.方法自2002年11月以来采用耳内镜结合显微镜开展CPA微创手术12例,手术均采用全麻下乙状窦后入路,并行面神经肌电位和听性脑干诱发电位术中监测.听神经瘤7例,桥小脑角面神经肿瘤2例,三叉神经鞘瘤1例,对肿瘤病例内镜主要用于检查内耳道底部有否残留病灶,探查面神经位置和走行,分离残留瘤体.舌咽神经痛1例,内镜下显露CPA和内听道口,显露后组颅神经,并确认舌咽神经,将其游离,用微型剪将之切断.半面痉挛1例,用30°内镜观察内听道口的解剖和后组颅神经的位置,在不牵拉小脑的情况下寻找对面神经形成压迫的责任血管.面神经功能按House-Brackmann分级标准评价.结果所有病例均顺利完成,无死亡病例,无并发后组颅神经损伤.听神经瘤7例,6例全切,1例绝大部分切除,残留脑干表面和内听道内的少许囊壁;均保留面神经解剖结构完整,术后一周面神经功能Ⅰ级2例,Ⅱ级3例(术后3个月Ⅰ级),Ⅲ级2例(术后3个月分别为Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级).面神经鞘瘤2例,肿瘤均全切,1例保留面神经解剖结构完整,术后面神经功能Ⅲ级,术后3个月Ⅱ级,另1例面神经连同肿瘤一起切除,一期面神经-舌下神经吻合,术后1年面神经功能Ⅱ级.三叉神经鞘瘤1例,肿瘤全切,术后一周面神经功能Ⅲ级,术后3个月Ⅱ级.听神经瘤7例术前有残余听力4例,术后有1例保存术前听力;面神经肿瘤2例,术后保存残余听力1例;其余肿瘤病例术后均未保存听力.舌咽神经切断术后症状完全消失,随诊6个月未复发.面神经微血减管压并梳理术后症状明显好转,间断轻度抽搐,面神经功能Ⅱ级,随访1年仍只为轻度抽搐.结论耳内镜与手术显微镜有机结合,达到桥小脑角手术微创的目的,既可清除病变,又能最大限度地保存功能.但耳内镜目前还只是一种辅助的手段,仍有一定局限性,需进一步完善.