简介：目的：探索相对稳定性强、一致性好的大鼠角膜碱烧伤动物模型。方法：将87只SD大鼠分为角膜缘碱烧伤20s组（A组。34只），角膜缘碱烧伤40s组（B组，23只），角膜中央碱烧伤40s组（C组，30只），用浸润1mol／L氢氧化钠的滤纸片，分别烧灼大鼠角膜缘和角膜中央，术后7d裂隙灯显微镜观察角膜透明度、角膜溃疡及角膜新生血管情况，并记录上述指标。结果：角膜缘碱烧伤（B组）较角膜中央烧伤（c组）溃疡发生率、角膜穿孔率和角膜上皮荧光素钠染色阳性率高，且有统计学差异（P〈0．05）；角膜缘烧灼时间长组（B组）溃疡发生率及角膜穿孔率高于角膜缘烧灼时间短组（A组），且有统计学差异（P〈0．05）；烧灼角膜缘和角膜中央（A，B，c组）均能诱导出角膜新生血管。结论：对于研究角膜新生血管的动物模型，以选择3mm圆形滤纸片角膜中央烧伤为佳；对于研究角膜缘干细胞缺乏所致角膜病变的实验，以选择环形滤纸片放置于角膜缘20s为佳。

简介：AIM:Tocomparethetrabecularmeshwork(TM)andirisapoptosisoftreatedanduntreatedprimaryopenangleglaucoma(POAG)patients.METHODS:Eighttreatment-naive,newlydiagnosed(group1)and11medlcaiytreated(group2)patientswithPOAGwereincludedinthestudy.Eachpatientunderwentalimbus-basedtrabeculectomy.TheTMandperipheralirisspecimensweredissectedoutandweresnap-frozeninliquidnitrogenandstoredat-80tuntiltheywereassayed.ApoptosisineachgroupwasassesedbyTUNELmethod.RESULTS:Themeanpatientagewas60.6±5.8years(53-68years)vs58.9±8.9years(47-70years)ingroup1andgroup2(P=0.859).Themeantreatmenttimeingroup2was22.2±7.3months(12-34months).ApoptoticindexesinTMandirisweresignificantlyhigherinPOAGpatientsusingmedication(group2)comparedtotreatment-naivePOAGpatients(group1)(P=0.004,0.015;respectively).CONCLUSION:LongtermadministrationoftopicalantiglaucomamedicationscausesadditionaltoxiceffectsonTM.

简介：目的探讨两种不同手术方式治疗翼状胬肉对泪液功能的影响及影响因素。方法选取翼状胬肉患者40例（40只眼）随机分成两组：A组20个病人（20只眼）翼状胬肉切除联合冻干羊膜移植术；B组20＋病人（20只眼）翼状胬肉切除联合带自体角膜缘干细胞结膜瓣移植术。术前，术后1mo，术后3mo行泪膜破裂时间（BUT）、泪液分泌试验（SchirmerI）、角膜荧光素染色（CSF），评价翼状胬肉及翼状胬肉切除术后泪膜功能变化对患者生活质量的影响。结果两组病人术后lmoBUT缩短，角膜荧光素染色增多，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），而术后SchirmerI与术前相比无统计学意义，两组术后3moBUT，SchirmerI，CFS与术前相比无统计学意义，翼状胬肉切除联合带自体角膜缘干细胞结膜瓣移植术组术后早期泪膜稳定性优于翼状胬肉切除联合冻干羊膜移植术，差异具有统计学意义∞〈0．05）。结论翼状胬肉切除术早期对泪膜功能有影响。翼状胬肉切除联合带自体角膜缘干细胞结膜瓣移植术早期对泪膜的影响小于翼状胬肉切除联合冻干羊膜移植术。

简介：目的比较翼状胬肉切除联合生物羊膜移植与翼状胬肉切除联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植对原发性翼状胬肉的治疗效果.方法翼状胬肉患者186例190眼.分为A、B二组,A组60眼翼状胬肉切除联合生物羊膜移植术；B组130眼翼状胬肉切除联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植术.术后随访6-24个月,观察翼状胬肉复发率.结果A组60眼中9眼复发,复发率15.0％;B组130眼中7眼复发,复发率5.38％,x2=4.922,P=0.03,差异有统计学意义.结论在防止胬肉复发方面,角膜缘干细胞移植组优于生物羊膜移植组.

简介：AIM:Toaddressissuesininteroperabilitybetweendifferentfundusimagesystems,weproposedawebeyepicturearchivingandcommunicationsystem(PACS)frameworkinconformancewithdigitalimagingandcommunicationinmedicine(DICOM)andhealthlevel7(HL7)protocoltorealizefundusimagesandreportssharingandcommunicationthroughinternet.METHODS:Firstly,atelemedicine-basedeyecareworkflowwasestablishedbasedonintegratingthehealthcareenterprise(IHE)EyeCaretechnicalframework.Then,abrowser/serverarchitectureeye-PACSsystemwasestablishedinconformancewiththewebaccesstoDICOMpersistentobject(WADO)protocol,whichcontainsthreetiers.RESULTS:Inanyclientsysteminstalledwithwebbrowser,clinicianscouldlogintheeye-PACStoobservefundusimagesandreports.Multipurposeinternetmailextensions(MIME)typeofastructuredreportissavedaspdf/htmlwithreferencelinktorelevantfundusimageusingtheWADOsyntaxcouldprovideenoughinformationforclinicians.Somefunctionsprovidedbyopen-sourceOviyamcouldbeusedtoquery,zoom,move,measure,viewOICOMfundusimages.CONCLUSION:Suchwebeye-PACSincompliancetoWADOprotocolcouldbeusedtostoreandcommunicatefundusimagesandreports,thereforeisofgreatsignificanceforteleophthalmology.

简介：AIM:Todefinetheultrasonographicstructureofnormallowereyelidanatomiccompartmentsandtheirspacialrelationshipindynamicmotion.METHODS:Highresolutionultrasound(15MHz)wasperformedonthelowereyelidsof7normalsubjects.Movementsofthelowereyelidanditscompartmentswerevisualizedwithultrasound.Inaddition,themaximalexcursionareaofthelowereyelidfatcompartmentsandretractormotionswasmeasuredbeforeandaftermotion.RESULTS:Theorbicularismusclecouldbeseenasanecholucentstructurebetweenthedermisandtheechodencefatpads.Lowereyelidfatpadseemstobedividedinto2compartmentsasrangeofmotionanddirectionofmovementofeachofthemvaries.Itseemsthatthesecompartmentshavealsodifferentbehavior.Themeasuredprofileareaofthevisiblenormallowereyelidfatpadsduringmovementofglobefromup-gazetodown-gazedecreasedby50%.Orderofmovementoflowereyelidstructuresseemstobeasfollows:afterglobemovementfistweseeretractormovement,anteriororbitalfatpad,thenskinandseptum,andfinallymovementofinferiorfatpad.CONCLUSION:Ultrasoundrepresentsanoninvasivetoolforthevisualizationoflowereyelidmorphology.Expandingitsapplicationcouldhelpusunderstandthecompartmentalchangesinphysiologicaleyelidmovement,inaginganddiseasedstudypopulations,aswellasassessoperativeoutcomes.

简介：目的：探讨Avastin与Lucentis对人脐静脉血管内皮细胞（humanumbilicalveinendothelialcells，HUVEC）增殖和迁移的影响，了解其抑制血管生成的途径。方法：采用MTT比色法研究相同浓度Avastin与Lucentis对HUVEC增殖作用的差异；Transwell小室检测相同浓度Avastin与Lucentis对HUVEC迁移作用的差异。结果：MTT比色法显示，各浓度Avastin组、Lucentis组与对照组相比，吸光度值具有统计学差异（P〈0．05），相同浓度Avastin组与Lucentis组吸光度值无统计学差异（P〉0．05）；Transwell分析方法显示，各浓度Avastin组、Lucentis组与对照组相比，HUVEC迁移率具有统计学差异（P〈0．05），相同浓度Avastin组与Lucentis组HUVEC细胞迁移率无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。结论：Avastin与Lueentis均可以抑制HUVEC增殖和迁移：随着药物浓度增加，对HUVEC增殖和迁移的抑制作用增强；相同浓度Avastin与Lucentis在体外实验中对HUVEC增殖和迁移的抑制作用无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。

简介：AIM:ToinvestigatetheexpressionsoftypeIcollagen,α2integrinandβ1integrinintheposteriorscleraofguineapigswithdefocusmyopiaandwhetherbasicfibroblastgrowthfactor(bFGF)injectioninhibitstheformationanddevelopmentofmyopiabyupregulatingtheexpressionoftypeIcollagen,α2integrinandβ1integrin.METHODS:After14daysoftreatment,therefractivestateandaxiallengthweremeasuredandthelevelsoftypeIcollagen,α2integrinandβ1integrinwereassayedintheposteriorscleraeofgroupsofguineapigsthatworeamonocular-7Dpolymethylmethacrylate(PMMA)lensorhad-7DlenswearfollowedbytheperibulbarinjectionofPhosphateBufferSolution(PBS)orbFGF.Theuntreatedfelloweyeservedasacontrol.Guineapigswithnotreatmentservedasnormalgroup.·RESULTS:Theresultsshowedthat14daysofmonoculardefocusincreasedaxialeyelengthandrefraction,whilebFGFdeliveryinhibitedthemmarkedly.Further,itwasalsofoundthatthemonocular-7DlenscoulddecreasethelevelsoftypeIcollagen,α2integrinandβ1integrinexpressions,while,unlikePBS,bFGFincreasedthemsignificantlyincomparisontocontralateralcontroleyesandnormaleyes.CONCLUSION:bFGFcanpreventtheformationanddevelopmentofdefocusmyopiabyupregulatingtheexpressionsoftypeIcollagen,α2integrinandβ1integrin.Takentogether,ourresultsdemonstratethatbFGFpromotesscleraremodelingtopreventmyopiainguineapigs.

简介：AIM:Toassessthequantitativeassociationbetweenanisometropiamagnitude(AM)andthelossesofresolutionandcontrastsensitivity;andtoexemplifyhowthefunctionoffusionandstereopsisvarywithAMinpreviouslyuntreatedanisometropicamblyopia.METHODS:Atotalof57patientswithpreviouslyuntreatedanisometropicamblyopiawithoutstrabismus(range:8-35years),weremeasuredrefractiveerror,bestcorrectedvisualacuity(BCVA),fusionandstereopsis,and48patientshavecompletedcontrastsensitivityfunctiontest.AMwasdeterminedbydioptricvectoradditionmodel,andtheamblyopiadepthwasdeterminedbythedifferenceofBCVAinlogMARunitsbetweentheamblyopicandfelloweyes.RESULTS:AMwassignificantlycorrelatedwithbothamblyopiadepth(PearsonR=0.728,P<0.001)andtheinter-oculardifferenceoftheareaunderthelogcontrastsensitivityfunction(AULCSF)(R=0.505,P<0.001).Depthofamblyopiaandtheinter-oculardifferenceofAULCSFwasalsosignificantlycorrelated(R=0.761,P<0.001).Themoreseverityofamblyopia,thepoorerlevelsofcontrastsensitivity.MostpureanisometropeswithAMwaslessthan3.0Dretainfusionandsomestereopsis,butwhenAMweremorethan3.0D,especiallyfortheanisometropeswhoseAMwasmorethan6.0D,fusionandstereopsisfunctionwereseriouslyimpaired.CONCLUSION:Inthepatientswithpreviouslyuntreatedanisometropicamblyopia,higherdegreeofanisometropiaissignificantlyassociatedwithdeeperamblyopia,worsecontrastsensitivity,fusionandstereopsisfunctions.

简介：AIM:ToInvestigatetheeffectsoftransforminggrowthfactorβ2(TGF-β2)andconnectivetissuegrowthfactor(CTGF)ontransdifferentiationofhumanlensepithelialcells(HLECs)culturedinvitroandsynthesisofextracellularmatrix(ECM).METHODS:HLECsweretreatedwithTGF-β2(0,0.5,1.0,5,10μg/L)andCTGF(0,15,30,60,100μg/L)fordifferenttimes(0,24,48,72h)invitroandtheexpressionofα-smoothmuscleactin(α-SMA),themaincomponentoftheextracellularmatrixtypeⅠcollagen(Col-1)andfibronectin(Fn)weremeasuredbyusingreal-timepolymerasechainreaction(PCR)andwestern-blot.RESULTS:TGF-β2andCTGFsignificantlyincreasedexpressionofα-SMAmRNAandprotein(P<0.05,P<0.001),FnmRNAandprotein(P<0.001),Col-1mRNAandprotein(P<0.001).TGF-β2couldinduceHLECsexpressionofCTGFmRNAandproteinindosedependentmanner(P<0.05,P<0.001).TGF-β2andCTGFcouldinduceHLECstoexpressα-SMA,FnandCol-1intime-dependentmanner.EachtimeofTGF-β2andCTGFinducedHELCsexpressionofα-SMA,Fn,Col-1mRNAandproteinwassignificantincreasecomparedwithcontrol(P<0.05,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:TGF-β2andCTGFcouldinduceHLECsepithelialmesenchymaltransitionandECMsynthesis.

简介：AIM:Tomeasurecentralcornealthickness(CCT)andpre-cornealtearfilmthicknessusingtheGalileidualScheimpfluganalyzer(GSA)inNewZealandWhiterabbits.METHODS:TennormalNewZealandWhiterabbits(20eyes)wereincludedinthisstudy.Withtheassistanceof0.1%fluorescein,thepre-cornealtearfilmcanbewellvisualized.BotheyesofeachrabbitwerescannedoncewiththeGSApre-andpost-instillationof1μL0.1%fluorescein.ThedifferencebetweenthetwomeasurementsofCCT(4-mmdiameter)wasrecordedasthepachymetricvaluesofthecentraltearfilm.RESULTS:TheCCTofpre-andpost-instillationwas388.8±9.5μmand407.0±10.5μm,respectively.Afterapairedt-testanalysis,thecentralpre-cornealtearfilmthicknessof4mmdiameterwas18.2±5.31μmwitha95%confidenceintervalof(15.7,20.6)μm(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:GSAcanbeusedtomeasureCCTandanalyzecentraltearfilmthicknessofrabbitswiththehelpoffluorescein.

简介：AIM:Todeterminethehistopathologicalchangesofrifampicinappliedintravitreallyonretinalganglioncellsbymeansofstereologicalandhistopathologicalmethods.METHODS:Forthisstudytwenty-fourNewZealandadultrabbitsweredividedintofourgroups(n=6foreachgroup).50μg/0.1mL(group1),100μg/0.1mL(group2),150μg/0.1mL(group3)and200μg/0.1mL(group4),rifampicinwereinjectedintothevitreousoftherighteyesofanimals,theirlefteyeswereusedascontrol(group5).Afterthe28thdayofapplication,animalswereanesthetisedwithxylazine(8mg/kg,IM)andthentheireyeswereenucleatedimmediately.Patternsweretakenawayandeyeswerepreparedforbothstereologicalandelectromicroscopicobservation.RESULTS:Dependingonthehighdoseofrifampicin,somehistopathologicalchangessuchascytoplasmicdilatationanddamagedmembranewereobservedontheelectromicroscopiclevel.Usingquantitativeexamination,whichwasdoneatthelightmicroscopiclevel,itwasshownthatthenumberofneuronsdecreasedlinearlyasrifampicindoseincreasedwhencomparedwiththecontrolgroup.CONCLUSION:Basedonthesefindings,low-doserifampicin(50μg/0.1mL)maybeusefulfortreatmentoftheoculardiseases.

简介：AIM:Toevaluatetheeffectofbrinzolamide-timololfixedcombinationonintraocularpressure(IOP)aftercataractsurgery.METHODS:Thestudyincluded92eyesof87patientswhounderwentcataractsurgeryandintraocularlensimplantation.Patientsscheduledforphacoemulsificationwereassignedto1of2groups.Thetreatmentgroupreceived1dropofbrinzolamide-timololfixedcombinationimmediatelyaftersurgery,andthecontrolgroupreceivednotreatment.TheIOPwasmeasuredpreoperativelyandat2hand24hpostoperatively.RESULTS:ThemeanIOPchangewaslowerinthetreatmentgroupthaninthecontrolgroupat2hpostoperatively.ThedifferencebetweenthemeanIOPvaluesofthetwogroupsat2hpostoperativelywasfoundtobestatisticallysignificant.Twenty-fourhoursafterthesurgery,themeanIOPchangewasstillhigherinthecontrolgroupwhencomparedtothetreatmentgroup.CONCLUSION:ThefixedcombinationbrinzolamidetimololcaneffectivelyreduceIOPaftercataractsurgery.

简介：AIM:ToanalyzecasesofobstructionofthenasolacrimalductwhichcreatesafertileenvironmentforsecondarybacterialInfectionandcanresultindacryocystitis,whichisaconstantthreattocorneaandorbitalsofttissueandapotentialsourceofendophthalmitisfollowingintraocularsurgery.Themajorityofobstructionsofthelacrimalexcretoryoutflowsystemareacquiredonesoccurringinadulthoodandinvolvingthedistalpartsofthesystem.Acquiredobstructionmaybeprimary/idiopathicorsecondarytoawidevarietyofinfectious,inflammatory,traumatic,mechanical,toxicorneoplasticcausesmimickingidiopathicinflammation.Thesecasesaretreatedbydacryocystorhinostomy(DCR).METHODS:Thepresentstudywasconductedtodeterminethehistopathologic,immunohistochemicalandcurrentmicrobiologiccharacteristicsoflacrimalsacspecimensinpatientsundergoingexternaldacryocystorhinostomy.RESULTS:Non-specificlacrimalsacpathologywaspresentinall33casesand81.8%ofthecasesshowedmoderatechronicinflammationwithachronicinflammatoryscore(CIS)rangingbetween4and6,whereas12.12%showedsevereinflammatorychangeswithaCISof7.Milddegreeofinflammationwasseenin6.06%withaCISof3.Thetotalprevalenceofgrampositive,gram-negative,andculture-negativesampleswere59.4%,37.5%,and3%respectively.CONCLUSION:Non-specificchronicinflammationwithfibrosisisindeedthemostcommonlyreportedhistopathologicalfindinginlacrimalsacwallbiopsyspecimens.

简介：AIM:TodiscusstheimpactofLyciumBarbarumPolysaccharide(LBP)andDanshensupurifiedfromTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)onvascularendothelialgrowthfactor(VEGF)ofrabbitswithretinalneovascularization.METHODS:Fortyrabbitsweredividedintonormalcontrolgroup,modelcontrolgroup,LBPgroupandDanshensugroup.Animalsinthenormalcontrolgroupwerefedinthenormaloxygenenvironment.Animalsintheotherthreegroupswereputintotheenvironmentwith70%oxygenfor5daysinordertobuildthemodelofoxygen-inducedvascularproliferationretinopathy.AndthendifferentTCMextractwasinjectedintotheabdominalcavitiesoftheseannimals.After7days,theVEGFcontentofintheserumofrabbitwasmeasuredbydoubleantibodysandwichmethod.RESULTS:DataanalysisindicatedthatVEGFcontentwasasfollows:Danshensugroupwaslowerthanmodelcontrolgroup(12.92±3.84ng/Lvs19.32±4.15ng/L,P<0.05);LBPgroupandnormalcontrolgroupwerelowerthanmodelcontrolgroup(12.92±3.84ng/L,9.26±1.61ng/Lvs19.32±4.15ng/L,P<0.01);totalbloodviscosity,plasmaviscosity,cholesterolcontent,fibrinogencontentandtriacylglycerolcontentafterperitonealinjectionofLBPandDanshensuwereobviouslylowerthanbeforeinjection.CONCLUSION:TCMextract-LBPandDanshensucanprominentlyreducethecontentofVEGFintheprocessofvascularproliferativeretinopathyofrabbit;canpreventtheoccurrenceofretinalmicrovasculardiseasebyimprovingpartialoxygen-deficientenvironmentoraffectingallkindsofnewgrowthfactor.

简介：目的：评价并比较180°和360°选择性激光小梁成形术（selectivelasertrabeculoplasty,SLT）治疗原发性开角型青光眼（primaryopenangleglaucoma,POAG）的临床效果。方法：POAG患者60例60眼,分别采用532nm倍频Q-开关Nd：YAG激光治疗仪,以光斑400μm,脉冲时间3ns,能量0.3～1.2mJ行180°和360°SLT。观察患者术后6mo的眼压变化。结果：两组患者眼压在激光治疗后均有显著下降,180°组患者术前平均眼压为25.6±2.0mmHg（1kPa=7.5mmHg）,术后1h;1d;1wk;1,3,6mo眼压分别为27.1±2.1,16.5±1.9,19.6±1.9,18.5±1.8,19.9±1.9,20.3±1.8mmHg。360°组患者术前平均眼压为25.4±2.1mmHg,术后对应时间点眼压分别为26.6±1.9,15.9±2.0,19.0±2.0,17.8±1.9,18.7±2.0,19.2±1.9mmHg。两组术后1d;1wk;1,3,6mo的眼压与术前相比明显下降,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。术后两组各时间点眼压的平均下降幅度比较,360°组较180°组术后眼压的平均下降幅度更大,其中术后3mo和6mo差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：360°SLT治疗POAG的疗效可能优于180°SLT。

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatethediffusioncharacteristicsofwaterofopticnerveandopticradiationinhealthyadultsanditsrelatedfactorsbydiffusiontensorimaging（DTI）at3T.METHODS:Atotalof107healthyvolunteersperformedheadconventionalMRIandbilateralopticnerveandopticradiationDTI.TheprimarydataofDTIwasprocessedbypost-processingsoftwareofDTIstudio2.3,obtainingfractionalanisotropyvalue,meandiffusivityvalue,principalenginevalue,orthogonalenginevaluebymeasuring,andanalyzedbytheSPSS13.0statisticalsoftware.RESULTS:Thebilateralopticnerveandopticradiationfiberspresentedgreencolorindirectionalencodedcolor（DEC）mapsandpresentedhighsignalinfractionalanisotropy（FA）maps.TheFAvalueoftheleftopticnervewas0.598±0.069andtherightwas0.593±0.065;themeandiffusivity（MD）valueoftheleftopticnervewas（1.324±0.349）×10-3mm2/sandtherightwas（1.312±0.350）x10-3mm2/s;theprincipalenginevalue(λ?)oftheleftopticnervewas（2.297±0.522）×10-4mm2/sandtherightwas（2.277±0.526）×10-3mm2/s;theorthogonalenginevalue（λ⊥）oftheleftopticnervewas（0.838±0.285）×10-3mm2/sandtherightwas（0.830±0.280）×10-3mm2/s;theFAvalueoftheleftopticradiationwas0.636±0.057andtherightwas0.628±0.056;themeandiffusivity（MD）valueoftheleftopticradiationwas（0.907±0.103）×10-3mm2/sandtherightwas（0.889±0.125）×10-3mm2/s;theprincipaleigenvalue(λⅡ)oftheleftopticradiationwas（1.655±0.210）×10-3mm2/sandtherightwas（1.614±0.171）×10-3mn2/s;theorthogonalenginvalue（λ⊥）oftheleftopticradiationwas（0.531±0.103）×10-3mm2/sandtherightwas（0.524±0.152）×10-3m

简介：Choroidalneovascularization(CNV)isanuncommoncomplicationassociatedwithamacularhole.Inthiscasereportofararecondition,wepresentapathologicmyopiapatientwithaco-existentmacularholeandchoroidalneovascularmembrane.ThepatientwastreatedwithphotodynamictherapyforCNV,andthenvitreoussurgeryfortheretinaldetachmentandmacularhole.Attheendof4yearsfollow-up,hervisualacuitywasimprovedto0.1whilethemacularholeremainedopen.OpticalcoherencetomographyisausefulinspectionmethodofthediagnosisofCNVandmacularhole.

简介：AIM:Todeterminewhethersinglenucleotidepolymorphism(SNP)rs641153isassociatedwiththeriskofage-relatedmaculardegeneration(AMD),weperformedasystematicmeta-analysisof15eligiblestudies.SNPinthecomplementfactorB(CFB)geneisconsideredtohavesignificantassociationwithAMDsusceptibility,butthereisgreatdiscrepancyintheseresults.METHODS:TheeligiblestudieswereidentifiedbysearchingthedatabasesofPubMed,EMBASE,andWebofScience.Oddsratios(ORs)with95%confidenceintervals(CIs)wereusedtoassesstheassociation.AlldatawereanalyzedusingStatasoftware.RESULTS:Theassociationbetweenrs641153andAMDriskwasstatisticallysignificantunderthehomozygousmodel(AAvsGG:OR=0.26,95%CI=0.15-0.45,P_h=0.973,/~2=0.0%,fixedeffects),dominantmodel(AA+GAvsGG:OR=0.49,95%CI=0.40-0.59,P_h=0.004,/~2=56.4%,randomeffects)andrecessivemodel(AAvsGA+GG:OR=0.30,95%CI=0.17-0.51,R_n=0.983,I~2=0.0%,fixedeffects).Thesameresultswerealsoobservedinthestratifiedanalysesbyethnicity,sourceofcontrolandsamplesize.CONCLUSION:Ourmeta-analysissuggeststhatrs641153intheCFBgenemayplayaprotectiveroleinAMDsusceptibility,thelateAMDinparticular,bothinCaucasiansandinAsians.

简介：AIM:Toevaluatetheaccuracyofsphericalequivalent(SE)estimatesofadouble-passsystemandtocompareitwithretinoscopy,subjectiverefractionandatablemountedautorefractor.METHODS:Non-cycloplegicrefractionwasperformedon125eyesof65healthyadults(age23.5±3.0years)fromOctober2010toJanuary2011usingretinoscopy,subjectiverefraction,autorefraction(AutokeratorefractometerTOPCONKR-8100,Japan)andadoublepasssystem(OpticalQualityAnalysisSystem,OQAS,VisiometricsS.L.,Spain).Nineconsecutivemeasurementswiththedouble-passsystemwereperformedonasubgroupof22eyestoassessrepeatability.ToevaluatethetruenessoftheOQASinstrument,theSElaboratorybiasbetweenthedoublepasssystemandtheothertechniqueswascalculated.RESULTS:TheSEmeancoefficientofrepeatabilityobtainedwas0.22D.SignificantcorrelationscouldbeestablishedbetweentheOQASandtheSEobtainedwithretinoscopy(r=0.956,P<0.001),subjectiverefraction(r=0.955,P<0.001)andautorefraction(r=0.957,P<0.001).ThedifferencesinSEbetweenthedouble-passsystemandtheothertechniquesweresignificant(P<0.001),butlackedclinicalrelevanceexceptforretinoscopy;Retinoscopygavemorehyperopicvaluesthanthedouble-passsystem-0.51±0.50Daswellasthesubjectiverefraction-0.23±0.50D;Moremyopicvalueswereachievedbymeansofautorefraction0.24±0.49D.CONCLUSION:Thedouble-passsystemprovidesaccurateandreliableestimatesoftheSEthatcanbeusedforclinicalstudies.Thistechniquecandeterminethecorrectfocuspositiontoassesstheocularopticalquality.However,ithasarelativelysmallmeasuringrangeincomparisonwithautorefractors(-8.00to+5.00D),andrequirespriorinformationontherefractivestateofthepatient.