简介：以便揭示在二CCDD染色体种，Oryzaalta和Oryzalatifolia之间的起源和进化关系，在situ杂交(鱼)的荧光被采用从O与C0t-1DNA分析二种的染色体。alta作为一根探针。Karyotype比较地也在O之间被分析。alta和O。latifolia基于他们杂交的类似的乐队模式发信号。在O之间有高相同和靠近的关系。alta和O。然而，在杂交之间的区别表明的latifolia也是清楚的。C0t-1DNA被证明是种类--并且染色体类型特定。C0t-1DNA鱼能是更有效的分析在不同种类之间的genomic关系，这被建议。根据在二allotetraploidy种之间的高度并且中等重复的DNA序列的比较分析，O。alta和O。latifolia，可能的起源和Oryza的allotetraploidy的进化机制被讨论。

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简介：Thetransgenicrice,Zhongda2,whichwasgeneticallymodifiedfromanindicaricelineZhuxianBbyricechitinasegene(RC24),hadhighresistancetoricesheathblight(Rhizoctoniasolam)inlaboratoryandatwo-yearfieldexperiment.ThepathogencouldinvadesheathofZhongda2andinducesymptomsofthedisease.NodifferencewasnotedintimeofpenetrationorincubationperiodbetweenZhongda2andnon-transgenicricecontrol,ZhuxianB,butthehyphaelysatecouldbeobservedeadierthancontrol.Itsresistanceexpressedastoinhibitthegrowthofmyceliuminhosttissue.F1sfromZhongda2(♂)crossedwithotherfivenon-transgenicricelinesshowedhigherresistancethandonornon-transgenicparents,buttheresistancewasdifferentalongwiththedifferentmaternalparents.

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简介：到在米饭germplasm91-1A2的米饭胆量小蚊的抵抗被识别并且遗传上分析了。米饭人口的F1s从作为一个男父母与米饭材料Jinggui，TN1，W1263(Gm1)，IET2911(Gm2)，BG404-1(gm3)，OB677(Gm4)，ARC5984(Gm5)和Duokang1(Gm6)交叉的91-1A2被导出。到米饭胆量小蚊的所有父母线和F1，BC1F1和F2人口的抵抗被识别。结果证明91-1A2和所有F1s对中国米饭胆量小蚊遗传因子型IV抵抗。到在BC1F1和F2的易受影响的抵抗植物的分离比率被X2测试与1:3和9:7规则给予，建议到中国米饭胆量小蚊遗传因子型IV的91-1A2的抵抗被是新抵抗基因的二主导的基因控制，对已知的米饭胆量小蚊抵抗基因非突变而产生之遗传因子。

简介：布朗planthopper(Nilaparvatalugens圣?l)大多数损坏害虫之一在米饭正在引起hopper灼伤，并且从而减少生产率并且另外产品的质量。控制这个害虫的有效管理策略是到本地米饭栽培变种的理想的基因的鉴定和转移。为开发抵抗栽培变种的最重要的途径是标记的鉴定，它能在更持久的抵抗遗传型的帮助标记的选择帮助。易受影响的父母IR50和抵抗父母Ptb33，和他们的F2人口是为有随机的放大多态的DNA的抵抗基因的鉴定的使用的inbulkedsegregant分析标记(RAPD)教材。教材OPC7和OPAG14证明主导、易受影响的特定的banding模式那么叫了co主导的标记。而且，OPC7697和OPAG14680给抵抗特定的乐队看了并且因此在联合分阶段执行，而OPC7846和OPAG14650给易受影响的特定的genotypic乐队看了inbulkedsegregant分析。因此，联合阶段标记，OPC7697和OPAG14680，被认为在在庄稼改进的米饭遗传型的帮助标记的选择更有用。

简介：Smallubiquitin-likemodifier(SUMO)-conjugatingenzymesareinvolvedinpost-translationalregulatoryprocessesineukaryotes,includingtheconjugationofSUMOpeptidestoproteinsubstrate(SUMOylation).SUMOylationplaysanimportantroleinimprovingplanttolerancetoabioticstresssuchassalt,drought,heatandcold.Herein,wereportedtheisolationofOsSCE1(LOC_Os10g39120)geneencodingaSUMO-conjugatingenzymefromrice(Oryzasativacv.Nipponbare)anditsfunctionalvalidationinresponsetodroughtstress.TheE2enzyme,OsSCE1,isoneofthreekeyenzymesinvolvedintheconjugationofSUMOtoitstargetproteins.ActivatedSUMOistransferredtothecysteineofanE2enzymeandthentothetargetlysineresidueofthesubstrate,withorwithoutthehelpofanE3SUMOligase.ExpressionofOsSCE1wasstronglyinducedbypolyethyleneglycol6000(PEG6000)treatment,whichsuggestedOsSCE1maybeinvolvedinthedroughtstressresponse.OverexpressionofOsSCE1(OsSCE1-OX)inNipponbarereducedthetolerancetodroughtstress.Conversely,thedroughttolerancewasslightlyimprovedbytheknockdownofOsSCE1(OsSCE1-KD).TheseresultswerefurthersupportedbymeasurementofprolinecontentinOsSCE1-OXandOsSCE1-KDtransgeniclinesunderinduceddroughtstress,whichshowedOsSCE1-KDtransgeniclinesaccumulatedhigherprolinecontentthanthewildtype,whereasOsSCE1-OXlinehadlowerprolinecontentthanthewildtype.ThesefindingssuggestedOsSCE1mayplayaroleasanegativeregulatorinresponsetodroughtstressinrice.

简介：Precisebaseeditingishighlydesiredinplantfunctionalgenomicresearchandcropmolecularbreeding.Inthisstudy,weconstructedarice-codonoptimizedadeninebaseeditor(ABE)-nCas9toolthatinducedtargetedA·TtoG·Cpointmutationofakeysinglenucleotidepolymorphismsiteinanimportantagriculturalgene.Combinedwiththemodifiedsingle-guideRNAvariant,ourplantABEtoolcanefficientlyachieveadeninebaseeditinginthericegenome.

简介：Phenotypical，cytological和到真菌Magnaporthegrisea的米饭的分子的回答用米饭栽培变种和损害被学习模仿植物。栽培变种Katy产生几剧毒的M。grisea孤立，并且Sekiguchi相似损害模仿到这些的提高的抵抗孤立的显示出的Katy(LmmKaty)的异种。损害模仿LmmKaty的显型被剧毒的M很快导致。grisea孤立或在仅仅在接种物的高水平的无毒害的。Autofluorescence(活跃防卫回答的一个符号)在紫外光下面是可见的在在不兼容的相互作用的局部性的接种以后的24h，而，不是在兼容相互作用明显。Autofluorescence也在病原体接种以后在LmmKaty20h被观察，显示快速的房间死亡是限制病原体侵略的LmmKaty的机制。联系的防卫(医生)的快速的累积基因抄本，本氨基丙酸氨lyase并且?-glucanase,被观察在6h开始并且在在一个不兼容的相互作用的接种以后在16h和24h是明显的。PR-1和chitinase的快速的抄本累积在一个不兼容的相互作用在接种以后由24h发生了。这些抄本的累积在兼容相互作用被推迟。这些结果显示那位主人活跃防卫回答发生在病原体接种和那LmmKaty以后的24h展出提高的抵抗到M。grisea。在重接种以后的DR基因的autofluorescence和表示为对M的主人反应的早决心分别地是重要cytological和分子的标记，这被建议。在米饭强风系统的grisea。

简介：Cd忍耐和米饭幼苗的translocation上的H2O2预告的处理的效果用在Cd忍耐不同的二米饭栽培变种(N07-6和N07-63)被学习。malondialdehyde(MDA)的内容，减少的谷胱甘肽(GSH)，非蛋白质thiols(NPT)，phytochelatins(PC)和谷胱甘肽S-transferase(GST)的活动在暴露于各种各样的处理的二栽培变种之间被比较。结果证明50mol/LCd暴露显著地禁止了米饭生长，提高了GSH，NPT，PC和MDA的生产，并且增加了GST的活动，并且二栽培变种之间有重要差别。更多的Cd被搬运进N07-6的射击。H2O2预告的处理由进一步在根增加GSH，NPT和PC内容，以及GST活动减轻了Cd毒性。在N07-63的这些参数的增加度比在N07-6的那些高，建议N07-63的忍耐比N07-6更显著地被提高。氢过氧化物把Cdtranslocation归结为米饭射击，但是不同地在根影响了Cd内容。从上述结果，在到在二栽培变种之间的H2O2预告的处理的Cddetoxification和反应有显著差别，这可以被推测。

简介：Homeoboxtranscriptionfactorsparticipateinthegrowthanddevelopmentofplantsbyregulatingcelldifferentiation,morphogenesisandenvironmentalsignalresponse.Torevealthefunctionsofthesetranscriptionfactorsinrice,weconstructedtheRNAivectorsofOsHox9,amemberofhomeoboxfamily,andanalyzedthefunctionofOsHox9usingreversegenetics.TheplantheightandtilleringnumberofRNAitransgenicplantsdecreasedcomparedwiththoseofwild-typeplants.Reversetranscription-polymerasechainreactionanalysisshowedthatOsHox9expressionreducedinthetransgenicplantswithphenotypicvariance,whereasthatinthetransgenicplantswithoutphenotypicvariancewassimilartothatinthewild-typeplants.ThisresultsuggeststhatthephenotypesofthetransgenicplantswerecausedbyRNAieffects.Thetissue-specificityofOsHox9expressionindicatedthatitwasexpressedindifferentorgans,withhighexpressioninstemapicalmeristemandyoungpanicles.SubcellularlocationofOsHox9demonstratedthatitwaslocalizedonthecellmembrane.

简介：阳离子exchangers(CAX)属于广泛地在最后十年在植物tonoplasts被调查了的cation/Ca2+exchanger总科。最近，在植物涉及重金属累积和忍耐的CAX的角色为植物救治和食物安全被学习了。在这微型评论，我们在Ca2+信号transduction总结Ca2+/H+antiporter的角色，维持离子动态平衡并且扣押重金属进液泡。而且，我们在场在重金属detoxification的血浆膜Ca2+/H+antiporter的一个可能的角色。

简介：EliminationoftheCRISPR/Cas9constructsineditedplantsisaprerequisiteforassessinggeneticstability,conductingphenotypiccharacterization,andapplyingforcommercializationoftheplants.However,removaloftheCRISPR/Cas9transgenesbygeneticsegregationandbybackcrossislaboriousandtimeconsuming.WepreviouslyreportedthedevelopmentofthetransgenekillerCRISPR(TKC)technologythatusesapairofsuicidegenestotriggerself-eliminationofthetransgeneswithoutcompromisinggeneeditingefficiency.TheTKCtechnologyenablesisolationoftransgene-freeCRISPR-editedplantswithinasinglegeneration,greatlyacceleratingcropimprovements.Here,wepresentedtwonewTKCvectorsthatshowgreatefficiencyinbotheditingthetargetgeneandinundergoingself-eliminationofthetransgenes.ThenewvectorsreplacedtheCaMV35SpromoterusedinourpreviousTKCvectorwithtworicepromoterstodriveoneofthesuicidegenes,providingadvantagesoverourpreviousTKCvectorundercertainconditions.Thevectorsreportedhereofferedmoreoptionsandflexibilitytoconductgeneeditingexperimentsinrice.

简介：有低glutelin内容的瑞斯作为为肾失败影响的病人的功能的食物合适。在米饭的低glutelin内容基因Lgc1有在二高度类似的glutelin基因GluB4和GluB5之间的3.5-kb删除，它在染色体2的短手臂上定位。在低glutelin内容米饭改进选择效率繁殖，指定为InDel-Lgc1-1和InDel-Lgc1-2的二个分子的标记被开发检测低glutelin内容基因Lgc1。双PCR察觉显示二个标记的联合使用能容易把Lgc1的遗传型与不同米饭变化区分开来。作为一种简单、便宜的技术，因此，分子的标记能广泛地被用来与Lgc1基因识别不同变化并且在低glutelin内容米饭的帮助标记的选择适用。

简介：RiceisanimportantfoodcropinChina,andthedevelopmentofhybridriceisacrucialwaytoincreasegrainyield.Thecreationofdual-purposenuclear-sterilelinesfortwo-linehybridbreedinghasbecomevitalforcommercialricebreeding.WeconstructedthepC1300-2x35S::Cas9-sgRNAPTGMS2-1expressionvectorforeditingthemalefertilitygenePTGMS2-1intwowidelycompatiblericevarieties,93-11andHuazhan,byusingtheCRISPR/Cas9system.Weobtainedthemarker-freephotoperiod-/thermo-sensitivegenicmale-sterile(P/TGMS)linesinT1generation.Accordingtotheexperimentsinphytotronwithfourtemperatureandphotoperiodtreatments,wefoundthetemperatureisthemainfactorforrestoringthepollenfertilityofptgms2-1mutantsin93-11andHuazhan,andthephotoperiodalsohassomeeffectsonpollenfertilityintwodifferentricebackgrounds.Theapplicationofcultivatingnewmale-sterilelinesbygenomeeditingsystemwillsignificantlyacceleratethericebreedingprocess.

简介：到怀有基因Pi-d2从pCB6.3kb，pCB5.3kb和pZH01-2.72kb的三不同表示向量转变了的米饭强风抵抗的转基因的米饭线的米饭强风的抵抗被分析。有Pi-d2基因的九根先进产生的转基因的米饭线显示了各种各样的抵抗到39米饭强风紧张，并且最高疾病抵抗的频率到达了91.7%。有Pi-d2基因的四根早产生的同型结合的转基因的线展出了抵抗到58米饭强风紧张中的超过81.5%个，显示出宽光谱的抵抗的特征。当在文化媒介的粗略的毒素的集中增加了，米饭强风真菌的粗略的毒素选择的转基因的胚胎的calli证明从转基因的米饭植物的不成熟的胚胎的胼胝正式就职率减少了。当粗略的毒素的集中到达了40%时，从转基因的线的不成熟的胚胎的胼胝正式就职率是49.3%，并且受体控制的是5%。在正式就职下面的地里的转基因的大米线的颈强风的疾病发生是0%～50%，显示转基因的大米线的大米强风抵抗比受体控制的高得多。

简介：Tiller角度，一个很必要的农学的特点，在米饭繁殖是重要的，特别在植物类型繁殖。控制2的一个tiller角度(tac2)异种被乙醇甲烷磺酸盐mutagenesis从restorer线Jinhui10获得。tac2异种在幼苗阶段和显著地在tillering阶段增加的tiller角度显示了正常显型。初步的生理的研究显示异种对GA敏感。因此，TAC2和TAC1可能以一样的方法控制tiller角度，这被推测。基因分析证明变异的特点被主要后退的基因控制并且位于用SSR标记的染色体9。在TAC2和它的最近的标记RM3320和RM201之间的基因距离分别地是19.2厘米和16.7厘米。

简介：Rice(Oryzasativa)issensitivetosalinity,butthesalttoleranceleveldiffersamongcultivars,whichmightresultfromnaturalvariationsinthegenesthatareresponsibleforsalttolerance.High-affinitypotassiumtransporter(HKTs)hasbeenproventobeinvolvedinsalttoleranceinplants.Therefore,wescreenedfornaturalnucleotidepolymorphisminthecodingsequenceofOsHKT1,whichencodestheHKTproteinineightVietnamesericecultivarsdifferinginsalttolerancelevel.Intotal,sevennucleotidesubstitutionsincodingsequenceofOsHKT1werefound,includingtwonon-synonymousandfivesynonymoussubstitutions.Furtheranalysisrevealedthatthesetwonon-synonymousnucleotidesubstitutions(G50TandT1209A)causedchangesinaminoacids(Gly17ValandAsp403Glu)atsignalpeptideandtheloopofthesixthtransmembranedomain,respectively.Toassessthepotentialeffectofthesesubstitutionsontheproteinfunction,the3DstructureofHKTproteinvariantswasmodelledbyusingPHYRE2webserver.Theresultsshowedthatnodifferencewasobservedwhencomparedthosepredicted3DstructureofHKTproteinvariantswitheachother.Inaddition,thecodonbiasofsynonymoussubstitutionscannotclearlyshowcorrelationwithsalttolerancelevel.Itmightbeinterestingtofurtherinvestigatethefunctionalrolesofdetectednon-synonymoussubstitutionsasitmightcorrelatetosalttoleranceinrice.

简介：ThecompleteopenreadingframeofOsPIN1awasamplifiedthroughreversetranscriptase-polymerasechainreaction(RT-PCR)basedonthesequencedepositedinGenBanktoexploretherelationshipbetweentheauxineffluxproteinOsPIN1aandthenegativephototropismofriceroots.SequencingresultsshowedthattheGCcontentofOsPIN1awas65.49%.ThefusionexpressionvectorpCAMBIA-1301-OsPIN1a::GFPcontainingtheOsPIN1ageneandacodinggreenfluorescentprotein(gfp)genewasconstructed.ThefusionvectorwastransferredintoonionepidermalcellsbyAgrobacteriumtumefacienstransformation.ThetransientexpressionofOsPIN1a-GFPwasmainlylocatedinthenucleusandcellmembrane.Moreover,thetransgenicplantswereobtainedbyAgrobacterium-mediatedgenetictransformation.MoleculardetectionperformedbyusingPCRandβ-glucuronidasestainingshowedthatthetargetconstructwasintegratedintothegenomeofrice.Thenegativephototropiccurvaturesofthetransgenicricerootswerehigherthanthoseofthewildtype.Similarly,theexpressionlevelsofOsPIN1ainthetransgenicplantswereconsiderablyhigherthanthoseinthewild-typeplants.TheseresultssuggestthatOsPIN1aiscrucialinthenegativephototropiccurvatureofriceroots.