简介:介绍了一种近年来在欧洲常用的路面结构形式:灌填式开级配高空隙沥青混凝土(VOPA),并详细阐述了它的结构特点,具体组分要求以及施工工艺。
简介:Inthepresentwork,computationalsimulationswasmadeusingANSYSCFXtopredicttheimprovementsinfilmcoolingperformancewithdualtrench.Dual-trenchconfigurationconsistsoftwotrenchestogether,onewidertrenchandtheotherisnarrowtrenchthatextrudedfromthewiderone.Severalblowingratiosintherange(0.5:5)wereinvestigated.Thepitch-to-diameterratioof2.775isused.Byusingthedualtrenchconfiguration,thecoolantjetimpactedthetrenchwalltwotimesallowingincreasingthespreadingofcoolantlaterallyinthetrench,reducingjetvelocityandjetcompletelycoveredonthesurface.Theresultsindicatethatthisconfigurationincreasedadiabaticeffectivenessasblowingratioincreased.Thespatiallyaveragedadiabaticeffectivenessreached57.6%foratM=2.Noobservedfilmblow-offatallblowingratios.Theadiabaticfilmeffectivenessofdualtrenchcaseoutperformedthenarrowtrenchcase,laidbackfan-shapedhole,fan-shapedholeandcylinderholeatdifferentblowingratios.