简介：

简介：<正>Hamstringstrainsareoneofmostcommonsportsinjuries.Thepurposeofthisliteraturereviewistosummarizestudiesonhamstringstraininjuryrate,mechanism,andriskfactorsinthelastseveraldecadeswithafocusonthepreventionandrehabilitationofthisinjury.Hamstringinjurycommonlyoccursinsportingeventsinwhichhighspeedsprintingandkickingarefrequentlyperformed,suchasAustralianfootball.Englishrugby,Americanfootball,andsoccer.Basicsciencestudieshavedemonstratedthatamusclestraininjuryoccursduetoexcessivestrainineccentriccontractioninsteadofforce,andthatelongationspeedanddurationofactivationbeforeeccentriccontractionaffecttheseverityoftheinjury.Hamstringstraininjuryislikelytooccurduringthelateswingphaseandlatestancephaseofsprintrunning.Shortenedoptimummusclelength,lackofmuscleflexibility,strengthimbalance,insufficientwarm-up,fatigue,lowerbackinjury,poorlumbarposture,andincreasedmuscleneuraltensionhavebeenidentifiedasmodifiableriskfactorswhilemusclecompositions,age,race,andpreviousinjuriesarenon-modifiableriskfactors.Thetheoreticalbasisofsomeoftheseriskfactors,however,islacking,andtheresultsofclinicalstudiesontheseriskfactorsareinconsistent.Futurestudiesareneededtoestablishthecause-and-effectrelationshipsbetweenthoseproposedriskfactorsandtheinjury.