简介:摘要目的探讨急性上消化道出血的诊断与治疗,提高诊断的正确率、治愈率,降低死亡率。方法通过对我院33例急性上消化道出血病例进行回顾性总结分析,并结合文献作一探讨。结果全组病例经及时诊断与治疗,好转25例,死亡6例,2例放弃治疗,自动出院。死亡原因主要为肝硬化或肿瘤,一例不明原因消化道出血死亡。结论依据病史、临床表现和辅助检查,一般可以作出急性上消化道出血的诊断,胃镜检查可协助明确病因诊断。对于病史不详,体征不明显者,尤其独居老年人易于误诊,应予重视。在治疗上,主要是止血和原发病的治疗,有休克症状者应积极抗休克;经积极治疗24小时以上而仍然不能止血的重症或年龄在45岁以上有动脉硬化者,反复大出血者,疑有恶变者应及时行胃肠镜检查并请外科会诊。
简介:LetB(E,F)bethesetofallboundedlinearoperatorsfromaBanachspaceEintoanotherBanachspaceF,B+(E,F)thesetofalldoublesplittingoperatorsinB(E,F)andGI(A)thesetofgeneralizedinversesofA2B+(E,F).InthispaperweintroduceanunboundeddomainW(A,A^+)inB(E,F)forA2B+(E,F)andA^+2GI(A),andprovideanecessaryandsufficientconditionforT2W(A,A^+).Thenseveralconditionsequivalenttothefollowingpropertyareproved:B=A^+(IF+(T??A)A^+)??1isthegeneralizedinverseofTwithR(B)=R(A^+)andN(B)=N(A^+),forT2W(A,A^+),whereIFistheidentityonF.Alsoweobtainthesmooth(C¥)diffeomorphismMA(A^+,T)fromW(A,A^+)ontoitselfwiththefixedpointA.LetS=fT2W(A,A^+):R(T)\N(A^+)=f0gg,M(X)=fT2B(E,F):TN(X)R(X)gforX2B(E,F)g,andF=fM(X):8X2B(E,F)g.UsingthediffeomorphismMA(A^+,T)weprovethefollowingtheorem:SisasmoothsubmanifoldinB(E,F)andtangenttoM(X)atanyX2S.ThetheoremexpandsthesmoothintegrabilityofFatAfromalocalneighborhooldatAtotheglobalunboundeddomainW(A,A^+).Itseemstobeusefulfordevelopingglobalanalysisandgeomatricalmethodindifferentialequations.
简介:Alooplessgraphonnverticesinwhichverticesareconnectedatleastbyaandatmostbybedgesiscalleda(a,b,n)-graph.A(b,b,n)-graphiscalled(b,n)-graphandisdenotedbyKbn(itisacompletegraph),itscomplementbyKbn.Anonincreasingsequencep=(d1,…,dn)ofnonnegativeintegersissaidtobe(a,b,n)graphicifitisrealizablebyan(a,b,n)-graph.Wesayasimplegraphicsequencep=(d1,…,dn)ispotentiallyK4—K2[K2-graphicifithasaarealizationcontaininganK4—K2[K2asasubgraphwhereK4isacompletegraphonfourverticesandK2[K2isasetofindependentedges.Inthispaper,wefindthesmallestdegreesumsuchthateveryn-termgraphicalsequencecontainsK4—K2[K2assubgraph.