学科分类
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5 个结果
  • 简介:在世纪的功课上,河系统重重地为水,沉积和冰的安全分泌物的目的被训练了,并且改进航行。传统地,堤是被增强并且提高了更高保护国家免受以前的伤害洪水层次。其它比技术工程答案答案打字,例如增加洪水运输能力的措施(例如,丁提和泛滥平原阴沉,阻碍堤)变得更流行。这些答案可以然而增加河床动力学并且因此否定地影响航行,维护挖出和洪水安全。许多数字模型是可得到的在河过程上预言河恢复工作的影响。经常,很少注意都没对对无常的评价被给予。在这篇论文,我们显示出我们怎么能用一条随机的途径使无常明确。这条途径帮助识别无常来源并且在河过程估计他们的贡献到全面无常。途径给工程师系统行为的更好的理解并且使他们能与河系统干涉,以便避免不希望得到的状况。我们为在荷兰在来因河优化低地河恢复工作说明这条随机的途径的优点。

  • 标签: 工程优化 随机模型 河流系统 不确定性 洪水水位 随机方法
  • 简介:Restoringdegradedforestsandagriculturallandshasbecomeaglobalconservationpriority.Agrowingnumberoftoolscanquantifyecosystemservicetradeoffsassociatedwithforestrestoration.Thisevolving'toolslandscape'presentsadilemma:moretoolsareavailable,butselectingappropriatetoolshasbecomemorechallenging.WepresentaRestorationEcosystemServiceToolSelector(RESTS)frameworkthatdescribeskeycharacteristicsof13ecosystemserviceassessmenttools.Analystsenterinformationabouttheirdecisioncontext,servicestobeanalyzed,anddesiredoutputs.Toolsarefilteredandpresentedbasedonfiveevaluativecriteria:scalability,cost,timerequirements,handlingofuncertainty,andapplicabilitytobenefit-costanalysis.RESTSusesaspreadsheetinterfacebutaweb-basedinterfaceisplanned.Giventherapidevolutionofecosystemservicesscience,RESTSprovidesanadaptableframeworktoguideforestrestorationdecisionmakerstowardtoolsthatcanhelpquantifyecosystemservicesinsupportofrestoration.

  • 标签: 生态系统服务功能 森林恢复 决策者 框架 识别模型 成本效益分析
  • 简介:DNAmarkersenabledtodeterminethechromosomallocationsofthetwoRfgenes(Rf3andRf4)inthewild-abortivecytoplasmicmalesterility(WA-CMS)system.Foursimplesequencerepeats(SSRs)RM171,RM258,RM315andRM443wereusedtodetecttheallelicstatuswithrespecttothefertilityrestorationgenes(Rf3andRf4)in300ricecultivarsorbreedinglines.Theresultsrevealedthatoutof300lines,90linesscreenedhadRf3,65lineshadRf4,and45lineshadRf3andRf4alleles.Furthermore,45linesselectedusingSSRmarkerswerematedwithaCMSline(IR58025A)toanalyzetheirrestoringability.OffspringofallthetestlinesexceptHHZ8-SAL9DT1-Y1,HHZ5-SAL9-Y3-1andIDSA77exhibitedhigherpollenandspikeletfertility(>80%〇),thusconfirmingtheybeartheRfalleles.ThehybridoffspringofARH12-6-1-1-B-3-1,IR32307-10-3-2-1andSahel329hadthehighestpollenfertility(97.390%,98.300%and97.100%,respectively)andspikeletfertility(95.10%,97.07%and96.10%,respectively).

  • 标签: CYTOPLASMIC male STERILITY FERTILITY restoration gene
  • 简介:Background:Seedproduction,seeddispersalandseedlingestablishmentarerelevantlifephasesofplants.Understandingtheseprocessesandtheirpatternsisessentialtorecognizevegetationdynamicsandtoapplyittoforestrestoration.Methods:ForOleaeuropaeaandScheffleraabyssinica,fecunditywasestimatedusingrandomizedbranchsampling.Seeddispersalandseedlingestablishmentweremonitoredusingspatiallyexplicitseedtrapsandplots.Dispersalfunctionswerecalibratedapplyinginversemodeling.Results:O.europaeaproducedmoreseedsandhadlongerdispersaldistancescomparedtoS.abyssinica.Correlationsbetweenobservedandpredictednumberofrecruitswerestatisticallysignificant.Seedlingsofthetwospeciesshoweddifferentnicherequirements.Conclusions:Thestudiedspecieswererecruitment-limitedduetolowdispersalactivityorlackofsuitablemicrosites.Restorationrelyingonnaturalregenerationshouldovercometheselimitationsbyincreasingdisperservisitationandreducingbioticandabioticstresses.

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