简介:近年来,随着金融市场的迅猛发展,传统市场经济下的交易模式、融资方式和借贷平台逐步被打破更新,取而代之的是以"货币市场"和"资本市场"为主导的新型融资借贷模式。凭借自身极强的创新性,P2P网络借贷逐渐成为中小企业和个人快速融资的新渠道,并在数量及成交量方面增长迅速。然而,在P2P行业快速发展的过程中也暴露出一定的弊端,隐藏着较大的行业风险。因此,在P2P网络借贷快速发展的同时,如何使其整个行业进入健康有序的轨道是个十分值得探讨和研究的重要课题,这就需要政府强化监管职能,对P2P网络借贷行业进行监管,构建起P2P网络借贷的监管体系,有效控制P2P网络借贷所带来的风险,充分利用P2P网络借贷的创新性,发挥其资金配置功能,促进经济发展。
简介:AIM:Toevaluatetheinterchangeabilityofkeratometricandasphericitymeasurementsprovidedbythreemeasurementsystemsbasedondifferentopticalprinciples.METHODS:Atotalof40eyesof40patientswithameanageof34.1ywereincluded.Inallcases,acornealcurvatureanalysiswasperformedwithIOL-Master(IOLM),iDesign2(ID2),andSiriussystems(SIR).Differencesbetweeninstrumentsforflattest(K1)andsteepest(K2)keratometricreadings,aswellasformagnitudeandaxisofcornealastigmatismwereanalyzed.Likewise,differencesinasphericity(Q)betweenSIRandID2werealsoevaluated.RESULTS:MeandifferencesbetweendevicesforK1were0.20±0.21(P<0.001),-0.12±0.36(P=0.046)and-0.32±0.36D(P<0.001)forthecomparisonsIOLM-SIR,IOLM-ID2andSIR-ID2,respectively.Therangesofagreementforthesecomparisonsbetweeninstrumentswere0.41,0.70,and0.70D.ForK2,meandifferenceswere0.31±0.33(P<0.001),-0.08±0.43(P=0.265)and-0.39±0.38D(P<0.001),withrangesofagreementof0.65,0.84,and0.74D.Concerningmagnitudeofastigmatism,rangesofagreementwereinthelimitofclinicalrelevance(0.49D,P=0.011;0.55D,P=0.386;0.43D,P=0.05).Incontrast,rangesofagreementwereclinicallyrelevantforastigmaticaxis(26.68o,33.83oand18.37o,P≥0.121)andforQbetweenSIRandID2(0.16,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Thekeratometriccornealpower,astigmaticaxisandasphericitymeasurementsprovidebythethreesystemsevaluatedcannotbeconsideredasinterchangeable,whereasmeasurementsofcornealastigmatismobtainedwithSIRandID2canbeconsideredasinterchangeableforclinicalpurposes.
简介:摘要P2P是互联网金融的表现形式之一,它是由网络借贷平台为中介借款人在平台上发放借款信息,投资者自主选择向借款人放贷的行为。我国2007年引进该种模式,第一家P2P信贷公司拍拍贷成立,在十二月到年底,国家信用贷款的总量已经超过工业贸易总额约200亿元,其中排名前15名的P2P类网站的交易已经占据整个行业的45%左右,接近70亿元交易额,然而在2016年国内P2P网络借贷行业迎来了喷井式的增长。在2018年末借贷服务平台达到523家,可统计的平台线上累计交易额超过亿元,投资人达数十万,其中还有部分平台线下业务未被统计,若将该项计入统计,借贷规模还将急剧增大。在现今的P2P借贷行业也面临着风险控制的问题,本文对P2P模式的金融风险控制进行了研究。
简介:摘要我国的社会背景和金融市场条件等与美英有着明显的不同,所以我国互联网金融的产生和发展也有着本土化的特征。虽然我国第一家P2P网络借贷公司拍拍贷成立时间并不明显落后于美国,但是以其为代表中国P2P网络借贷平台展现出一个非理性发展到理性过度的发展轨迹。这与我国法律监管和政府监管的滞后性有着直接的联系。
简介:Diversityandcompositionoflepidopteranmicrobiotasarepoorlyinvestigated,especiallyacrossthedifferentdevelopmentalstages.Toimprovethisknowledge,wecharacterizethemicrobiotaamongdifferentdevelopmentalstagesoftheIndianmealmoth,Plodiainterpunctella,whichisconsideredoneofthemajorpestofcommoditiesworld-wide.Usingculture-independentapproachbasedonIllumina16SrRNAgenesequencingwecharacterizedthemicrobiotaoffourdevelopmentalstages:eggs,first-,andlast-instarlarvae,andadult.Atotalof1022bacterialOTUswereobtained,showingaquitediversifiedmicrobiotaassociatedtoalltheanalyzedstages.ThemicrobiotasassociatedwithP.interpunctellaresultedalmostconstantthroughoutthedevelopmentalstages,withapproximately77%ofbacterialOTUsbelongingtothephylumofProteobacteria.ThedominantbacterialgenusisrepresentedbyBurkholderia(?64%),followedbyPropionibacterium,Delftia,Pseudomonas,andStenotrophomonas.Acorebacterialcommunity,composedof139OTUs,wasdetectedinallthedevelopmentalstages,amongwhich112OTUswereassignedtothegenusBurkholderia.Aphylogeneticreconstruction,basedonthe16SrRNA,revealedthatourBurkholderiaOTUsclusteredwithBurkholderiacepaciacomplex,inthesamegroupofthoseisolatedfromthehemipteransGossypariaspuriaandAcanthococcusaceris.Thefunctionalprofiling,predictedonthebaseofthebacterial16SrRNA,indicatesdifferencesinthemetabolicpathwaysrelatedtometabolismofaminoacidsbetweenpreimaginalandadultstages.Wecanhypothesizethatbacteriamaysupporttheinsecthostduringpreimaginalstages.
简介:客户端的私有端点地址被NAT设备,2)服务器提供客户端端点地址消息,该数据报使得C2网络的NAT设备允许后续的以C1端点地址为源地址的UDP数据报进入其内部网络