简介:China's'BeltandRoad'initiativeisemergingastheWesterndominatedworldorderisdeclining.Capitalismhasintensifiedtherichpoordivideandpowerpoliticshaveledtogreatupheavals.Westernvalueshavecauseda'valuedislocation'fornon-Westerncountries.Theworldiscallingfornewdevelopmentconcepts.The'BeltandRoad'initiativehasemergedasananswer.ItembodiesChina'sideasonglobaldevelopment.First,itworksforthe'commonprosperity'ofeverycountry,whichwilleasecontradictionsbetweentheSouthandtheNorth.Second,itemphasizesgeo-economicintegrationthatwillhealthefragmentationofEurasia.Third,itadvocateslinkagesbetweenpeopleandinclusivenesstocreateanewkindofcivilization.However,manydifficultiesandchallengeslieaheadfortheimplementationofthe'BeltandRoad'initiative.
简介:WhetherthereisaglobalstrategyintheU.S.ornotisstillanopenquestion.ManyAmericansinsistthatsincepresidentialelectiontakesplaceeveryfouryears,it’ssimplyimpossibleforanyPresidenttoworkoutaglobalstrategyinsuchashorttime.Judgedbytheimportantfactorssuchasstrategyenvironmentassessment,targetformulation,strategyconnotationexpansionandeffectevaluation,itis,infact,verydifficulttofindoutacountrywithamaturedforeign,local
简介:Overthepast25years,anannualaverageof6to7tropicalcyclones(TCs)madelandfallonChinamainlandandHainanIslandwithanaverageintensityof29.9m/satlandfallandmaintainedatleasttropicalstormintensityfor15.6hoursoverland,leadingto505deathsand37billionyuanindirecteconomicloss,whichaccountedfor0.4%oftheannualGDPofChina.Althoughtherewaslittlechangeintheoveralllandfallfrequency,intensityatlandfallandoverlandduration,theannualtotaldirecteconomiclossincreasedsignificantlyduetotherapideconomicdevelopmentoverthepast25years.Underglobalwarming,theintensityofTCsthatmadelandfallonHainandecreasedbuttheoverlanddurationandfrequencyofTCsthatmadelandfallonFujianandZhejiangincreased.Atthenationalandprovinciallevels,theratioofthedirecteconomiclosstoGDPandcasualtiescausedbylandfalltropicalcyclonesdecreased,suggestingtheeffectivenessofdisasterpreventionandreductioninChina.
简介:Inthispaperwedefineandinvestigaterobustpoints,setsandfunctionswhichwillbeutilizedtostudyaglobalminimizationproblemofadiscontinuousfunctionoveradisconnectedsetbyanintegralapproach.
简介:ForChina,greenindustrialrevolutioninducedbyglobalclimatechangeposesnotonlythegreatestchallenge,butalsothegreatestopportunity.IntheperspectiveofChina'sbasicnationalconditions,andespeciallyitsnaturalconditions,China'sgreendevelopmentistheinevitablepathofchoicefortherealizationofsustainabledevelopmentandscientificdevelopment.TheessenceofChina'smodernization2050isgreenmodernization,takingthethree-stepstrategytowardsChina'sowngreendevelopmentandenergyconservationandemissionreduction.Incombinationwiththe12thFiveYearPlan,itsinnovativepositioningis'greendevelopmentplan'.
简介:这份报纸为在放射的水动力学产生的PDE的一个系统被奉献给Cauchy问题的分析。这个系统,来自所谓的平衡散开政体,是平常的Euler方程的变体,在精力和压力functionals被修改考虑放射和包含对温度起作用的一个非线性的散开术语的精力平衡的效果的地方。这个问题在多维的框架被学习。作者识别严格地凸的熵和系统的一个稳定性性质的存在,并且检查Kawashima-Shizuta调节抓住。基于这些结构性质,然后,到一个经常的状态的well-posedness结束能被使用好精力估计证明。答案的asymptotic腐烂也被调查。
简介:Microtubulesplayimportantrolesinneuronalmorphogenesis,includingcellularpolarization,neuritegrowth,andbranching.Amicrotubuleisapolymerofα-andβ-tubulinheterodimersthatareformedbyamultistepprocessassistedbyatleastfivetubulin-foldingcofactors(TBCA–E)(Lopez-Fanarragaetal.,2001).Newlysynthesizedα-andβ-tubulinsassociatewiththecytosolicchaperonincomplex(CCT),andthenthequasi-nativetubulinsinteractwith
简介:Dataontheprevalenceofdepressioninadultcongenitalheartdisease(ACHD)patientsdifferwidely.Weaimtosummarizethebestavailableinformationontheprevalenceofdepression,itsprognosticimpact,andpsychiatricinterventionsfordepressedACHDpatients.WereviewedreferencesinrelevantpublicationsuptoOctober17,2017.Forhomogeneityofdata,studiesinwhichdepressionwasindependentlyassessedinpatientsaged18yearsorolderorwithamean/medianageolderthan18yearswereincluded.Retrospectiveandpostoperativeevaluationstudieswereexcluded.Twentypublicationsmetthesecriteria.StudysamplesincludedACHDpatientsfollowedupatACHD-specializedhospitalsin13countries.Theprevalenceofdepressiondifferedwidely,rangingfrom6to69%.Depressionhasbeenshowntobeanindependentpredictorofadverseclinicaloutcomes.Itisalsofrequentlyassociatedwithotherprognosticvariables(i.e.,poorfunctionalclass,unfavorableperceivedhealthstatus,andlowqualityoflife).Currently,norandomizedclinicaltrialsonpsychiatricinterventionsinACHDareavailable.Insummary,depressionishighlyprevalentinACHDpatients,yetitisoftenunrecognizedanduntreated.Theadverseprognosticimpactofdepressioncallsforspecializedpsychiatricinterventions,forwhichmoreresearchisneededintheACHDpatientpopulation.
简介:AbstractAspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is frequently diagnosed in patients with severe type 2 airway inflammation presenting with nasal polyps and severe asthma. It has been associated with a recalcitrant course with high medical and surgical requirements. The advent of recent biological and other targeted treatments show promise in the medical management of patient with AERD. The goal of complete disease control where patients no longer require recurrent surgical procedures, systemic corticosteroid exposure and may live with a stable and relatively normal quality of life is now within reach. Further work is necessary to identify biomarkers predictive of treatment response.
简介:BackgroundStatinsreduceadversecardiovascularoutcomesandslowtheprogressionofcoronaryatherosclerosisinproportiontotheirabilitytoreducelow-densitylipoprotein(LDL)cholesterol.However,fewstudieshaveeitherassessedtheabilityofintensivestatintreatmentstoachievediseaseregressionorcomparedalternativeapproachestomaximalstatinadministration.MethodsWeperformedserialintravascularultrasonographyin1039patientswithcoronarydisease,atbaselineandafter104weeksoftreatmentwitheitheratorvastatin,80mgdaily,orrosuvastatin,40mgdaily,tocomparetheeffectofthesetwointensivestatinregimensontheprogressionofcoronaryatherosclerosis,aswellastoassesstheirsafetyandside-effectprofiles.ResultsAfter104weeksoftherapy,therosuvastatingrouphadlowerlevelsofLDLcholesterolthantheatorvastatingroup(62.6vs.70.2mgperdeciliter[1.62vs.1.82mmolperliter],P<0.001),andhigherlevelsofhigh-densitylipoprotein(HDL)cholesterol(50.4vs.48.6mgperdeciliter[1.30vs.1.26mmolperliter],P=0.01).Theprimaryefficacyendpoint,percentatheromavolume(PAV),decreasedby0.99%(95%confidenceinterval[CI],1.19to-0.63)withatorvastatinandby1.22%(95%CI,-1.52to-0.90)withrosuvastatin(P=0.17).Theeffectonthesecondaryefficacyendpoint,normalizedtotalatheromavolume(TAV),wasmorefavorablewithrosuvastatinthanwithatorvastatin:-6.39mm3(95%CI,-7.52to-5.12),ascomparedwith?4.42mm3(95%CI,-5.98to-3.26)(P=0.01).Bothagentsinducedregressioninthemajorityofpatients:63.2%withatorvastatinand68.5%withrosuvastatinforPAV(P=0.07)and64.7%and71.3%,respectively,forTAV(P=0.02).Bothagentshadacceptableside-effectprofiles,withalowincidenceoflaboratoryabnor-malitiesandcardiovascularevents.ConclusionsMaximaldosesofrosuvastatinandatorvastatinresultedinsignificantregressionofcoronaryatherosclerosis.DespitethelowerlevelofLDLcholesterolandthehi
简介:AbstractBackground:Meniere’s disease (MD) is an idiopathic disorder of the inner ear, which manifests as cochleo-vestibular dysfunction. Hearing loss will progress to a profound levelin a subset of patients with MD, and vestibular interventions can independently cause loss of hearing. The aim of this study was to systematically review the published literature describing the safety and efficacy of CI in patients with MD.Materials and methods:A systematic literature review was conducted in accordance PRISMA guidelines to identify articles that assessed at least one functional outcome in patients with MD who underwent CI. Demographic information, disease history, MD symptoms, outcomes measures, and complications related to CI were extracted from included studies.Results:In total, 17 studies were included, and 182 patients with MD underwent CI. The weighted-mean age was 61.9 years (range 27-85). Study objective and methodology varied, and there was significant heterogeneity in CI outcome measures reported. In total, 179 (98.3%) of 182 patients reported objective improvements in at least one hearing metric after CI. A total of 69 patients (37.9%) reported vertigo or severe dizziness prior to CI, compared to 22 patients (15.4%) postoperatively. Two studies reported significant reductions in postoperative Tinnitus Handicap Inventory score (THI). Quality of life assessments varied between studies. Complications rates were low with only nine patients (4.9%) reporting a serious CI-related complication.Conclusions:This systematic review evaluated 17 studies describing the safety and efficacy of CI in patients with MD and encountered many challenges due to small sample sizes, and heterogeneity in study design and outcomes measured. Despite these limitations, this study of 182 patients is to the best of our knowledge the largest systematic review evaluating the safety and efficacy of CI in MD. The results of this study support the need for a standardized approach to evaluating outcomes of CI in patients with MD in future studies.
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简介:Theinflammatoryprocessplaysacentralroleinthedevelopmentandprogressionofnumerouspathologicalsituations,suchasinflammatoryboweldisease(IBD),autoimmuneandneurodegenerativediseases,metabolicsyndrome,andcardiovasculardisorders.IBDsinvolveinflammationofthegastrointestinalareaandmainlycompriseCrohn’sdisease(CD)andulcerativecolitis(UC).Bothpathologicalsituationsusuallyinvolverecurringorbloodydiarrhea,pain,fatigueandweightloss.ThereisatpresentnopharmacologicalcureforCDorUC.However,surgerymaybecurativeforUCpatients.Theprescribedtreatmentaimstoamelioratethesymptomsandpreventand/ordelaynewpainfulepisodes.Flavonoidcompoundsarealargefamilyofhydroxylatedpolyphenolicmoleculesabundantinplants,includingvegetablesandfruitswhicharethemajordietarysourcesofthesecompoundsforhumans,togetherwithwineandtea.Flavonoidsarebecomingverypopularbecausetheyhavemanyhealth-promotinganddisease-preventiveeffects.Mostinteresthasbeendirectedtowardstheantioxidantactivityofflavonoids,evidencingaremarkablefree-radicalscavengingcapacity.However,accumulatingevidencesuggeststhatflavonoidshavemanyotherbiologicalproperties,includinganti-inflammatory,antiviral,anticancer,andneuroprotectiveactivitiesthroughdifferentmechanismsofaction.ThepresentreviewanalyzestheavailabledataaboutthedifferenttypesofflavonoidsandtheirpotentialeffectivenessasadjuvanttherapyofIBDs.
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简介:SulfatechitosanderivativeshavegoodsolubilityandtherapeuticeffectonthecellmodelofNAFLD.TheaimofthisstudywastoexaminethetherapeuticeffectofsulfatechitosanderivativesonNAFLD.ThemaleWistarratswereorallyfedhighfatemulsionandreceivedsulfatechitosanderivativesfor5weekstodeterminethepre-treatmenteffectofsulfatechitosanderivativesonNAFLD.ToevaluatethetherapeuticeffectofsulfatechitosanderivativesonNAFLD,theratswereorallyfedwithhighconcentrationemulsionfor5weeks,followedbysulfatechitosanderivativesfor3weeks.Histologicalanalysisandbiomedicalassaysshowedthatsulfatechitosanderivativescandramaticallypreventthedevelopmentofhepaticsteatosisinhepatocytecells.Inanimalstudies,pre-treatmentandtreatmentwithsulfatechitosanderivativessignificantlyprotectedagainsthepaticsteatohepatitisinducedbyhighfatdietaccordingtohistologicalanalysis.Furthermore,increasedTC,ALT,MDA,andLEPinNAFLDweresignificantlyamelioratedbypre-treatmentandtreatmentwithsulfatechitosanderivatives.Furthermore,increasedTG,AST,andTNF-αinNAFLDweresignificantlyamelioratedbytreatmentwithsulfatechitosanderivatives.Sulfatechitosanderivativeshavegoodpre-treatmentandtherapeuticeffectonNAFLD.