简介：AbstractOur study aimed to determine the effect of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio on the prognosis of adult patients with acute stroke. We searched the Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases and selected all of the potentially eligible studies. From the included studies, we extracted characteristics such as the stroke type and acquisition time until routine blood collection and the odds ratios across studies. The 95% confidence intervals and odds ratios were pooled to calculate the effect size for the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in acute stroke patients. We defined poor function outcomes according to the modified Rankin Scale ≥ 3 or Glasgow Outcome Scale< 3.Thirteen studies with 4443 patients were included in our analysis, including 7 ischemic and 6 hemorrhagic stroke studies. The pooled odds ratios for poor functional outcome at 3 months with a higher neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in acute ischemic and hemorrhagic patients were 1.689 (95% CI = 1.184-2.409, p < 0.001) and 1.125 (95% CI = 1.022-1.239, p < 0.001), respectively, and the overall pooled odds ratio for poor functional outcome following stroke was 1.257 (95% CI = 1.146-1.379, p < 0.001). At the same time, the overall combined odds ratio for death at 3 months was 1.632 (95% CI = 1.155-2.306, p < 0.001).The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, an easily calculated marker, plays a predictive role in the short-term outcomes of adult patients (mean age ≥ 50 years) following acute ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.

简介：AbstractObjective:This study aimed to evaluate the incidence and associated clinical risk factors for preeclampsia (PE) and its subtypes in a large multicentre retrospective study of Beijing, China.Methods:This study was conducted as a secondary analysis from the Gestational diabetes mellitus Prevalence Survey (GPS), a multicentre retrospective cohort study, which included 15 hospitals in Beijing, China. This analysis included 15,003 pregnant women who delivered in Beijing from June 20th to November 30th, 2013. The incidence of PE was calculated. Risk factors for PE, including maternal age, pre-gestational body mass index (BMI), parity, chronic hypertension, pre-existing diabetes, and gestational diabetes mellitus, were assessed. PE was defined as early- or late-onset PE based on clinical manifestations during the week of delivery, and mild or severe PE based on the severity of the disease. Logistic regression analysis was used to quantify the association with the risk factors, and data were displayed as odds risks (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).Results:The overall incidence of PE was 2.65% (397/15,003). The prevalence of early-onset and late-onset PE was 0.36% (54/15,003) and 2.29% (343/15,003), respectively. The prevalence of mild and severe PE was 0.91% (137/15,003) and 1.73% (260/15,003), respectively. Risk factors including high BMI considered overweight (adjusted odds risk (aOR): 1.48; 95% CI: 1.06-2.05; P= 0.02) and obesity (aOR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.50-3.08; P < 0.001), nulliparity (aOR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.32-2.25; P < 0.001), multiple gestation (aOR: 4.58; 95% CI: 2.86-7.32; P < 0.001), and chronic hypertension (aOR: 34.95; 95% CI: 26.60-45.93; P < 0.001), were associated with increased risk for PE. Only chronic hypertension (aOR: 13.75; 95% CI: 4.78-39.58; P < 0.001) was a significant risk factors for early-onset PE, whereas high BMI considered both overweight (aOR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.09-2.18; P= 0.01) and obesity (aOR: 2.23; 95% CI: 1.53-3.27; P < 0.001), nulliparity (aOR: 2.00; 95% CI: 1.49-2.68; P < 0.001), multiple gestation (aOR: 4.11; 95% CI: 2.40-7.05; P < 0.001), and chronic hypertension (aOR: 35.57; 95% CI: 26.66-47.47; P < 0.001) were more relevant risk factors for late-onset PE. Risk factors including obesity (aOR: 2.20; 95% CI: 1.28-3.76; P < 0.01 and aOR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.16-2.80; P= 0.01), nulliparity (aOR: 2.28; 95% CI: 1.44-3.60; P < 0.001 and aOR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.09-2.02; P= 0.01), multiple gestation (aOR: 5.50; 95% CI: 2.87-10.67; P < 0.001 and aOR: 3.51; 95% CI: 1.93-6.41; P < 0.001), and chronic hypertension (aOR: 33.98; 95% CI: 22.20-52.01; P < 0.001 and aOR: 35.03; 95% CI: 25.40-48.31; P < 0.001) were associated with mild and severe PE. Moreover, we found that women with an increasing number of these risk factors had a higher risk of developing PE than pregnant women without any identified risk factors.Conclusion:The incidence of PE in this study is consistent with previous reported studies. Our findings indicate chronic hypertension and multiple gestation are the most important risk factors for PE in Chinese pregnant women. The risk for developing PE is associated with both the type and abundance of risk factors. These factors are valuable when monitoring patients at risk for PE, as this can help ensure an earlier diagnosis and prediction in women who are more likely to develop PE.

简介：我们学习肿瘤房间生长的动力学，推迟时间的反馈在一个不均匀的双稳态的潜力由趋于增加的噪音开车很好。在一小延期时间，概率分发和第一经过时间的分析答案显示出那，与增加的延期时间，处于一个更低的人口状态的概率分发的山峰将增加，但是在一张更高的人口声明它减少。趋于增加的噪音和时间延期在肿瘤细胞生长在角色对面玩，这被显示出。

简介：AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignancy of the central nervous system in adults. The prognosis for late-stage glioblastoma (World Health Organization grade IV astrocytic glioma) is very poor. Novel treatment options are sought after and evaluated by clinicians and researchers, and remarkable advances have been made in surgical techniques, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. However, the treatment of glioblastoma remains extremely difficult and it can extend the lives of patients by only a few months. There has been notable progress in the field of immunotherapy, particularly with the use of tumor vaccines, for treating glioblastoma; especially peptide vaccines and cell-based vaccines such as dendritic cell vaccines and tumor cell vaccines. However, the results of the current clinical trials for vaccination are not satisfactory. This article reviews the progress in the development of vaccines for glioblastoma.

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简介：Someantitumoractivitiesofcomponent(E),extractedfromtherootofFagopynumCymosum(Trev)Meisn(FCTM),haverecentlybeendiscoveredinvivoandinvitro.ThecomponentE(CE)’spatternofactionwithtumorcellularDNAatthemolecularpharmacologicallevelwasinvestigatedbymacromolecularsynthesisexperiment(MSE)andhumanDNAinteractionsystemestablishedinourlaboratory.Theexperimentsdemonstratedthat,invitro,theagentcouldmarkedlyinhibittheincorporationof3H-TdRintothecellularDNA,andtheIC50inP388leukemiacellandinSGC-7901cellwas17.86μg/mland110.4μg/ml,respectively.Theagent,atmg/mllevel,couldproduceanintercalationreversionpatternwithDNAwithinashorttime(2hours).Butwhentheintervalwasprolongedforover4hours,theactionchangedtointercalationirreversiblepattern.Accordingtotheseobservations,theauthorsinferthatCEinteractswithDNAintwoways-directlyandindirectly.Theindirectaction,especiallyinlowconcentr

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简介：胃的胃肠的stromal肿瘤的stagesIandIII之间的差别主要取决于有丝分裂的数字。与TNM分类，在高有丝分裂的率的肿瘤的存在决定升级。许多研究在评估有丝分裂的数字暴露了不同计数技术。估计有丝分裂的率的一个国际标准化方法被需要。

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简介：AbstractBackground:Previous studies have shown that inflammation plays an important role in intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS). The platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) has recently emerged as a potential inflammatory biomarker. This study aimed to explore the association of the PLR with ICAS in a Chinese Han population.Methods:A total of 2134 participants (518 with ICAS, 1616 without ICAS) were enrolled in this study. ICAS was defined as atherosclerotic stenosis >50% or the occlusion of several main intracranial arteries. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association of the PLR with ICAS. Additional subgroup analyses were performed according to age (<60 vs. ≥ 60 years) and acute ischemic stroke.Results:Multivariate regression analysis showed that a high PLR was associated with a higher risk of ICAS in all participants (P < 0.001). Compared with the lowest quartile, the fourth PLR quartile was significantly associated with ICAS (OR 1.705, 95% confidence interval 1.278–2.275, P < 0.001). In the subgroups stratified by age, an association between the PLR and ICAS was found in the late-life group (P < 0.001), but not in the mid-life group (P = 0.650). In the subgroups stratified by acute ischemic stroke, the relationship between an elevated PLR and a higher risk of ICAS remained unchanged (stroke group, P < 0.001; non-stroke group, P = 0.027).Conclusions:An elevated PLR was associated with a higher risk of ICAS in a Chinese Han population. The PLR might serve as a potential biomarker for ICAS in the elderly population.

简介：Objective:TostudythecellularimmunityfunctionofpatientswithearlysyphilisandtheeffectsonimmunemodifiersEsberitoxNorIFN.Methods:T-lymphocytesubpopulationsoftheperipheralbloodin44patientswithsyphilisand40healthycontrolswereexaminedbyflowcytometry.Results:ThenumberofCD4+cellsandtheCD4+/CD8+ratioinpatientswithsyphiliswerefoundtobesignificantlylowerthanthoseinthecontrol(P<0.01),whilethenumberofCD8+cellswashigherthanthatinthecontrol(P<0.01).TheCD4+/CD8+ratiointhosewithactivediseasewaslowerthanthatinthosewhohadbeencured(P<0.05).TheCD4+countandtheCD4+/CD8+ratiointhosetreatedwithantibioticsalone(PenicillinGorCephalosporins)werelowerthanthosetreatedwithbothantibioticsandimmunomodulators(P<0.05).Conclusions:Cellularimmunityinthepatientswithearlysyphiliswasprominentlysuppressed,andtreatmentwithimmunomodulatorsmaybehelpfulfortherecoveryofcellularimmunityofthesepatients.

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简介：Purposes:Wereportedtherolesandfunctionsofnursesinhomevisitsforbraintumorpatientsusingthefamilyhealthassessmentguideinthestudy.Methods:Onepatientofbraingliomawaschosenasthecaseillustration.Thenursesassessedthepatients’situation,theirfamiliesandlivingenvironmentindividually.Allthesefactorswereanalyzedtogether.Results:Thenursesthenimplementedtheirknowledgeandskillstoadoptdifferentmeasuresindifferentconditions,investigatedthepatients’healthproblemsandcarriedoutpersonalizedeffectiveactions.Conclusions:Nursesshouldputeffortintocommunitynursingtoallowpatientstoliveinasafeenvironment,tosatisfythehealthneedsofhumanbeingandtheirneedsforhealthknowledge,andenhancetheirself-careabilities.

简介：Interleukin-18(IL-18)wasdiscoveredasaninterferon-γ-inducingfactorandhadacriticalroleininflammatoryandimmuneresponse.Itstimulatesnaturalkiller(NK)andTcellsandenhancesTh1immuneresponse.Theseactivatedimmunecellseliminatecancercellsandvirus-infectedcellseffectively.However,IL-18hasalsobeenfoundtopromotetumorprogression.HigherexpressionorsecretionlevelofIL-18isdetectedinvariouscancercellsincomparisonwithnormalcontrol,andIL-18isabletoinduceangiogenesis,migration/metastasis,proliferationandimmuneescape.ThesedualeffectsandthemechanismofIL-18needtobeinvestigatedfurtherasitrelatestocancer.

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简介：AbstractPancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNET) are heterogenous tumors originated from the diffuse neuroendocrine cells of pancreas, which show the function of synthesis, storage and secretion of peptide hormones and biomimetic amines. Biomarkers play a crucial role in the diagnosing, evaluating prognosis and predicting treatment response for pNET patients. Traditional NET markers such as chromogranin A and Neuron Specific Enolase, as a diagnostic biomarker, have relatively low sensitivity and specificity in pNET patients. The emergence of new types of biomarkers provides more reliable indicators for diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. Among them, NETest score is a promising biomarker with the highest diagnostic sensitivity (80%) and specificity (94%). In addition, this molecule can be also used as a prognostic biomarker, which can predict disease progression and shorter overall survival. Biomarkers related to therapeutic targets, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, and key molecules of mTOR signaling pathway, have capability to predict response of treatment. With the development of next-generation sequencing, chip array, and digital droplet PCR, novel biomarkers such as circulating tumor cells, tumor-derived exosomes, and circulating tumor DNA and mRNA are expected to provide more accurate diagnosis, prognostic information, and prospective therapeutic targets. In this paper, biomarkers of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor and their role in diagnosis, prognosis, diagnosis, treatment and monitoring are systematically introduced. Our conclusions can provide new basis for clinicians in the diagnosis and treatment process.

简介：AbstractLung cancer continues to be the leading cause of cancer-related death in the world, which is classically subgrouped into two major histological types: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (85% of patients) and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) (15%). Tumor location has been reported to be associated with the prognosis of various solid tumors. Several types of cancer often occur in a specific region and are more prone to spread to predilection locations, including colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, gastric cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, bladder cancer, lung tumor, and so on. Besides, tumor location is also considered as a risk factor for lung neoplasm with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/emphysema. Additionally, the primary lung cancer location is associated with specific lymph node metastasis. And the recent analysis has shown that the primary location may affect metastasis pattern in metastatic NSCLC based on a large population. Numerous studies have enrolled the "location" factor in the risk model. Anatomy location and lobe-specific location are both important in prognosis. Therefore, it is important for us to clarify the characteristics about tumor location according to various definitions. However, the inconsistent definitions about tumor location among different articles are controversial. It is also a significant guidance in multimode therapy in the present time. In this review, we mainly aim to provide a new insight about tumor location, including anatomy, clinicopathology, and prognosis in patients with lung neoplasm.

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简介：CirculatingTumorCells(CTC)havethepotentialtobeusedclinicallyasadiagnostictoolandatreatmenttoolinthefieldofoncology.Asadiagnostictool,CTCmaybeusedtoindicatethepresenceofatumorbeforeitislargeenoughtocausenoticeablesymptoms.Asatreatmenttool,CTCisolatedfrompatientsmaybeusedtotesttheefficacyofchemotherapyoptionstopersonalizepatienttreatment.Onewayfortumorstospreadisthroughmetastasisviathecirculatorysystem.CTCareabletoexploitthenaturalleukocyterecruitmentprocessthatisinitiallymediatedbyrollingontransientselectinbonds.OurcapturedevicestakeadvantageofthisnaturallyoccurringrecruitmentsteptoisolateCTCfromwholebloodbyflowingsamplesthroughselectinandantibody-coatedmicrotubes.Wholebloodwasspikedwithaknownconcentrationoflabeledcancercellsandthenperfusedthroughpre-coatedmicrotubes.Microtubeswerethenrinsedtoremoveunboundcellsandthenumberoflabeledcellscapturedonthelumenwasassessed.CTCweresuccessfullycapturedfromwholebloodataclinicallyrelevantlevelontheorderof10cellspermL.Combinationtubeswithselectinandantibodycoatedsurfaceexhibitedhighercaptureratethantubescoatedwithselectinaloneorantibodyalone.Additionally,CTCcapturewasdemonstratedwiththeKG1ahematopoieticcelllineandtheDU145epithelialcellline.Thus,theinvivoprocessofselectin-mediatedCTCrecruitmenttodistantvesselwallscanbeusedinvitrototargetCTCtoatubelumen.ThebiomolecularcoatingscanalsobeusedtocaptureCTCofhematopoieticandepithelialtumororiginandisdemonstratedtosensitivitiesdowntotheorderof10CTCpermL.Inarelatedstudyaimedatreducingthebloodbornemetastaticcancerload,wehaveshownthatcellscapturedtoasurfacecanbeneutralizedbyareceptor-mediatedbiochemicalsignal.IntheproposedmethodwehaveshownthatusingacombinedselectinandTRAIL(TNFRelatedApoptosisInducingLigandorApo2L)functionalizedsurfaceweareabl

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