简介:Mechanicalcharacterizationofsteelframestructureafterfireareanalyzedbasedonfiredynamics,heattransfertheory,structuralmechanics,andfiniteelementtheory.Westudythetemperaturecharacteristicsandmechanicalpropertiesofsteelframestructureunderdifferentfirelocationsandproposeasafetyevaluationmethod.Wealsoanalyzedamagelevelofmainframecomponents,maximumtemperatureoffire,thermalcharacteristicsofframecomponents,firingduration,etc.toprovideusefulinformationforfireresistancedesignofthesteelframestructureandpost-disastersafetyevaluation.
简介:WithrapideconomicandsocialdevelopmentinChina,high-risebuildingshavecontinuouslysprungupsince2006.However,severalbigfireaccidentsinhigh-risebuildingssuchastheBeijingTelevisionCulturalCenterfirein2009andtheShanghaiJing’anDistrictfirein2010etc.haveclaimedpeople’slivesandcausedhugeamountsofeconomicandpropertylosses,thusresultingingreatsocialresponse.Thiscircumstancehascausedgraveconcernfromthepublicand
简介:火的相互作用骑车,植物硬币的繁殖特征能决定一处风景的植被分发模式。在加拿大的北方的区域,火在小冰川期前骑车(c。1850年代)以后从30-130年和25-234年直到解决时期(c。1930年代)什么时候更长发射周期,响应气候变迁和人的干扰发生了。分析显示火周期与生长期(4月10月)被相关从1961-1990正常的温度和降水离开,由区域变化。假设野火将在过去的世纪,用气候变迁情形CGCM1的一个评价,CGCM2和HadCM2期间对类似于方式的温暖的未来作出回应显示周期将在西方泰加森林盾转移到80-140年的一个范围的火,为北方的盾和东方泰加森林防护的东方的超过700年,和为在2050的北方的平原的300-400年。
简介:APoissonregressionmodelandanegativebinomialregressionmodel(NBmodel)areoftenusedinareassuchasmedicineandeconomy,butrarelyinthedomesticforestrysector,especiallyintheforestfireforecasting.BasedonthedataofforestfireoccurrencesinDaxing’anlingregionin1980-2005,thispaperprofoundlyanalyzestheapplicationconditionsandtestmethodsofthetwomodels.TheAICmethodwasusedtocheckthefittinglevelofthemodelsandthecapabilityofthemodelsforforecastingforestfireswasdiscussed.ThisstudyprovidednecessarytheoreticalbasisanddatasupportfortheapplicationofthetwomodelsinthefieldofforestryinChina.
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简介:Afiniteelementisestablishedforanalyzingthedynamicalmechanicsanddeformationofsteelframeathightemperaturewhenitisrapidlycooleddownbyspraywaterinfirefighting.Thesimulationresultshowsthatremarkablemechanicalcouplingeffectsareproducedintheprocess,andthesectionalstressinrapidcoolingdownisfoundconsiderablylargerthanthatinheating-up.Meanwhile,thestressanddeformationofabeammainlyrelatedtocoolingrateandlocationaremuchlargerthanthoseofacolumninrapidcooling.Infirefighting,thestructureonthefirstorsecondfloorwasmoredangerousthanthoseonotherfloorsinrapidcooling.Theseresultscouldprovideatheoreticalreferenceforthedesignofsteelstructureandfirefighting.
简介:Identificationofforestfire_pointsinNOAAimagesisthebasisofmonitoringforestfireusingNOAAsatellitedata.Traditionalvisualinterpretationisdifficulttosettleforauto_identificationwithcomputer.Theartificialneuralnetworktechniqueprovidesanewmeansforsolvingthisproblem.Inthispaper,theprinciplesandmethodofusingneuralnetworktechniquetoautomaticallyidentifyfire_pointsinNOAAimagesarediscussedandthetestintherangeofHubeiprovinceispresented.Theresultofthetestshowsthatthedisciplinedneuralnetworkhascollectedthecharacteroffire_pointsandhasabilitytoidentifyfire_pointsinNOAAimages.Comparingneuralnetworkwithvisualinterpretation,theconclusionisdrawnthatbyusingneuralnetworkthepurposeofauto_identificationofforestfire_pointsinNOAAimagescanberealizedwiththealmostsameprecision.
简介:ThispaperfocussesontheinformationasymmetryincrisisnewsafteraseriousincidentinTianjin,China,in2015.Theincidentcausedenormousdamageandresultedinsocietalunrestbecauseofthelackofreliableinformationfromtheformalmediachannels.Socialmedia—microblogs—playedamajorroleinreportingoncrisissituations.Wedividednetizens(i.e.,thecitizensofthenet)intohighandlowtypesaccordingtotheirinformation-criticalleveltothecrisisnews.Thedatashowsinformationdeteriorationonthecrisisnews,relatedtothenetizens’information-criticallevel.Forthetraditionalmediathereistheopportunitytouseinformationqualitydistortiontomakemoremarginalprofits.Thisispossibleonlyifthecitizens’informationstaysunderacertainqualitylevel.Theresultisoverprovisionoflowqualitynewsandhighqualitynewsdrivenoutofthemarket,whereuponadverseselection(i.e.,alackofsymmetricinformation)appears.However,byadoptingaprocessview,wefoundself-correctingmechanism(i.e.,dyingoutofrumors)ofthesocialmediacommunitiesinChina.Weprovidedaagent-basemodelandsimulationtoshowthatthemoremediaexistinthemarket,thefasterspeedoftheinformationdeterioration,butalsothecapacityto‘discuss’rumors.
简介:InthispaperthemeteorologicalbackgroundfortheformationofplumefromtheforestfireinNortheastChinaon7—8May1987isstated.Thelong-rangeinstantaneousdiffusionparametersarecalculatedbyusingthesatellitephotographoftheplumeswithvisiblelengthrangingfrom100toover500kin.Theresultsofcal-culationshowthattherelationsbetweeninstantaneousdiffusionparameterandtraveltime(upto60000sec.)obeythelawoflinearor3/2power.Inaddition,heatreleasefromthefireonMay7—8estimatedbypuffrisingformulacanmeet,inrespecttotheorderofmagnitude,thevaluegainedonthefieldsurvey.
简介:Microbialcommunityfunctionaldiversityisasensitiveindicatorofsoil.Forestfirescanchangemicrobialcommunityfunctionaldiversity.Inthisresearch,thefiredsoilsampleswerecollectedfromHuzhongofDaxing’anlinginHeilongjiangProvince.ThefunctionaldiversityofsoilmicrobialcommunitywasdetectedbyBIOLOGsystem.Theaveragewellcolordevelopment(AWCD)inBIOLOGplatesindicatedtheabilityofcarbonsubstrateutilizationofmicrobialcommunity.TheindicesofShannon,SimpsonandMcintoshwerecalculatedtoshowtherichness,dominanceandevennessofthefunctionaldiversity,andtheprincipalcomponentanalysisofsubstratereactionsreflectedthemaincarbonsourcesutilizedbymicrobialcommunity.TheresultsshowedthatallthesamplesexhibitedthereductionofAWCDduringthefirst144hoursofincubation,buttherewereobviousdifferencesinthereductiondegreeamongthesamples.Allkindsoffireintensitiescouldinfluencemicrobialcommunityfunctionaldiversity.Thelowfireintensityincreasedtherichness(Shannon),dominance(Simpson)andevenness(Mcintosh)ofmicrobialcommunity.However,theintermediateandhighfireintensityreducedtheseparameters,suggestingthattheburnedsoilemittedgaseousnitrogen,anumberoforganiccarbonandavailablephosphorus,whichcausedthereductionofthemicroorganisminquantityandtype,andchangeinsoilingredients.Theorganicmaterialreducedintheburnedsoil,inthesametime,thepHvaluesrose,whichchangedenvironmentinwhichmicroorganismlives.Thechangedenvironmentmightnotbeconducivetoactivitiesofthemicroorganism.Theprincipalcomponentanalysisshowedthatthemaincarbonsourcesforsoilmicrobeswerecarbohydratesandaminoacidsandthecarbonsubstrateutilizationpatternsindifferentsamplesweresignificantdifferent.Theresultsindicatedthatfunctionaldiversityofsoilmicrobeswerealteredbyforestfires,andtheabilityofmicrobestoutilizecarbonsourceandthetypeofcarbonsourceswereaffectedbydif
简介:Objective:Toobservetheclinicaleffectof‘settingfireonthemountain’manipulationbyLuShou-yanforcervicalradiculopathyaswellastheinfraredthermographicchangesofthecervicalareabeforeandaftertreatment.Methods:Atotalof120eligiblecaseswithcervicalradiculopathywererandomlyallocatedintoanobservationgroupandacontrolgroup,60ineachgroup.CasesintheobservationgroupweretreatedwithLuShou-yan’s‘settingfireonthemountain’manipulation,whereascasesinthecontrolgroupweretreatedwithevenreinforcing-reducingmanipulation.Aftertwocoursesoftreatment,theinfraredthermographicchangesandoveralltherapeuticefficaciesinthetwogroupswerecompared.Results:Therecoveryrateandtotaleffectiverateintheobservationgroupwere68.3%and98.3%respectively,versus28.3%and81.7%inthecontrolgroup,showingstatisticaldifferencesinrecoveryrateandtotaleffectiverate(bothP<0.01).Therewasbetween-groupstatisticalsignificanceincomparingtheinfraredthermographyaftertreatment(P<0.01).Conclusion:‘Settingfireonthemountain’manipulationbyLuShou-yanisbetterthanevenreinforcing-reducingmanipulationforcervicalradiculopathy.
简介:Prescribedfireisacommoneconomicalandeffectiveforestrypractice,andthereforeitisimportanttounderstandtheeffectsoffireonsoilpropertiesforbettersoilmanagement.Weinvestigatedtheimpactsoflow-intensityprescribedfireonthemicrobialandchemicalpropertiesofthetopsoilinaHungarianoak(QuercusfrainettoTen.)forest.Theresearchfocusedonmicrobialsoilparameters(microbialsoilrespiration(RSM),soilmicrobialbiomasscarbon(Cmic)andmetabolicquotient(qCO2)andchemicaltopsoilproperties(soilacidity(pH),electricalconductivity(EC),carbon(C),nitrogen(N),C/Nratioandexchangeablecations).Meanannualcomparisonsshowsignificantdifferencesinfourparameters(C/Nratio,soilpH,CmicandqCO2)whilemonthlycomparisonsdonotrevealanysignificantdifferences.SoilpHincreasedslightlyintheburnedplotsandhadasignificantlypositivecorrelationwithexchangeablecationsMg,Ca,MnandK.ThemeanannualC/Nratiowassignificantlyhigherintheburnedplots(28.5:1)thaninthecontrolplots(27.0:1).ThemeanannualCmic(0.6mgg-1)wassignificantlyloweralthoughqCO2(2.5lgCO2–CmgCmich-1)wassignificantlyhigher,likelyresultingfromthemicrobialresponsetofire-inducedenvironmentalstress.Low-intensityprescribedfirecausedveryshort-livedchanges.TheannualmeanvaluesofC/Nratio,pH,CmicandqCO2showedsignificantdifferences.