简介:近几年来,随着人们生活水平的提高和保健意识断增强,保健食品得到了迅速发展,同时也带来了保健食品市场的鱼龙混杂现象。各级卫生行政部门对保健食品进行日常监督检查时,对保健食品经销者检查其索取产品同批次检验合格证或化验单(以下简称索证)是阻止非法保健食品流入市场的有效措施。本文对2年来镇江市保健食品索证状况进行分析,供对保健食品市场进行卫生监督时参考。1 资料与方法1.1 资料来源 资料来自2000~2001年对镇江市区59家销售保健食品的商场、超市和医院周边食品店的465件保健食品索证情况的卫生监督检查结果。检查经营者当场出示所经销保健食品产品检验合格证或化验
简介:摘要目的分析玉环县5岁以下儿童死亡率及主要死因变化趋势,为卫生行政部门制定有关政策和具体干预措施提供依据。方法对玉环县2000—2009年间5岁以下儿童死亡监测报表及死亡报告卡进行整理,对死亡基本情况、各年龄组死亡构成、死因及构成比进行回顾性分析。结果10年来玉环县5岁以下儿童死亡率平均8.32‰,近三年来有明显的下降趋势,5岁以下儿童死亡中以新生儿及婴儿为主,分别占49.15%和76.84%,先天畸形、意外伤害、出生窒息、肺炎、早产低出生体重等是5岁以下儿童死亡的主要原因。结论降低新生儿死亡率,减少先天畸形及意外死亡是降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的关键。
简介:AbstractBackground:Female breast cancer (FBC) has become the most prevalent malignancy worldwide. We aimed to evaluate the global and regional burden in epidemiological trends and factors associated with the incidence and mortality of FBC.Methods:FBC incidence and mortality in 60 selected countries by cancer registry data integrity in 2020 were estimated from the GLOBOCAN database, and their association with the human development index (HDI) was further evaluated. Trends of age-standardized rates of incidence and mortality in 60 countries from 2000 through 2019 were evaluated by joinpoint regression analysis using data of Global Burden of Disease 2019. The association between potential behavioral, metabolic, and socioeconomic risk factor exposure at the nation level retrieved from the World Bank and Global Health Observatory and the incidence and mortality of FBC were evaluated by multivariate linear regression.Results:FBC incidence and mortality varied greatly in the 60 included countries. Higher incidence and mortality rates were typically observed in countries with higher HDIs and vice versa. During 2000 to 2019, significantly increasing trends in incidence and mortality were observed in 26 (average annual percent changes [AAPCs], 0.35-2.96) and nine countries (AAPC, 0.30-1.65), respectively, while significantly decreasing trends in both incidence and mortality were observed in 22 countries, most of which were high-HDI countries. Among the population aged ≥40 years, there were 26 and 11 countries showing significantly increased trends in incidence and mortality, respectively. Ecological analysis showed that countries with higher prevalence rates of high cholesterol and higher health expenditures were more likely to have higher FBC incidence, and countries with higher rates of obesity and poorer universal health coverage were more likely to have higher FBC mortality.Conclusions:Despite decreased or stabilized FBC incidence and mortality rates were observed in some countries with high HDI over the past decades, disease burden became even severer in developing countries, especially for the population aged ≥40 years. Effective targeted preventive programs are strongly encouraged to reduce the FBC disease burden worldwide.
简介:摘要目的:比较OA-2000和Sirius测量近视患者眼前节参数的差异,为临床提供参考。方法:系列病例研究。选择2020年10月1─31日到北京大学深圳医院眼科就诊的拟行近视矫正手术的患者112例(224眼)。分别采用OA-2000和Sirius测量患者前房深度(ACD) (不含角膜厚度)、水平角膜横径(WTW)和中央角膜厚度(CCT)。采用配对t检验和Pearson相关性分析比较2种仪器测量结果的差异性和相关性,用Bland-Altman法评价其一致性。结果:Sirius和OA-2000测量的WTW分别为(11.84±0.38)mm和(11.87±0.38)mm,差异有统计学意义(t=-3.66,P<0.001),二者呈正相关(r=0.97,P<0.001);ACD分别为(3.23±0.26)mm和(3.16±0.25)mm,差异有统计学意义(t=15.11,P<0.001),二者呈正相关(r=0.96,P<0.001);CCT分别为(538±35)µm和(524±34)µm,差异有统计学意义(t=27.20,P<0.001),二者呈正相关(r=0.97,P<0.001)。Bland-Altman法分析2种仪器测量WTW、ACD、CCT的95%一致性范围分别为-0.16~0.21 mm、-0.20~0.07 mm、-29.1~1.1 µm。结论:OA-2000和Sirius对近视患者的WTW、ACD、CCT测量结果相关性好,但是有差异,一致性欠佳,临床上不可直接相互替代。
简介:目的:评价SysmexXE-2000i型全自动血细胞分析仪的检测性能。方法:根据临床实验室标准化协会(CLSI)和临床血液学检验常规项目分析质量要求对sysmexXE-2000i血细胞分析仪进行多项测定参数的性能评价。结果:SysmexXE-2000i全自动血细胞分析仪的精密度、准确度、正确度、携带污染率、线性相关性、不同吸样模式的结果可比性等均符合临床应用要求;SysmexXE-2000i白细胞分类与手工分类结果比较,除单核细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞外,相关性较好,网织红细胞计数与手工计数比较结果一致性良好。结论:SysmexXE-2000i全自动血细胞分析仪主要性能指标符合实验要求。是较理想的全自动血细胞分析仪。
简介:摘要目的调查上海市健康人群血清CA50含量以及在不同年龄段间的差异。方法选取华东疗养院健康体检的2000名体检者,根据年龄分成5组<30岁组、30~39岁组、40~49岁组、50~59岁组和≥60岁组。用化学发光法分析各组血清CA50水平。结果<30岁组、30~39岁组、40~49岁组、50~59岁组组间两两比较,CA50水平无统计学意义,P>0.05;<30岁组、30~39岁组、40~49岁组分别与≥60岁组CA50水平差异有统计学意义,P<0.05。结论为了增加CA50对不同疾病诊断的敏感性与特异性,应采用多项肿瘤指标联合检测。
简介:目的为制订全省防治血吸虫病防治对策提供依据.方法以流行村为单位,汇总全省疫区1991~2000年各项螺病情指标,结合各年度疫情专题调查材料,分析全省血吸虫病流行态势.结果近10年,全省人群与耕牛感染率下降幅度分别为69.6%和60.7%;而疫区人群年均急感发病率表现为波动状态,波动幅度在2/10万至18/10万之间;但全省螺情呈上升态势,钉螺面积净增11%.结论10年来,防治技术水平的提高和防治投入的增加,疫区人群生产、生活、文化水平的提高,减少了人群接触疫水频度,使血吸虫病病情得以有效控制.而气候变暖、洪涝灾害等自然因素利于钉螺的孳生、迁徙;水利灌溉工程的建设运营等造成钉螺扩散;药物灭螺受制约,环改灭螺成本较高,难以大规模实施等原因,是我省螺情回升的主要原因.因此,今后全省的防治策略要做好区域性防治规划,在控制疾病的同时,加强钉螺的监测与控制措施,确保防治成果.