简介:AbstractBackground:Glucose control is an important aspect in managing critically ill patients. The goal of this study was to compare the effects of sequential feeding (SF) and continuous feeding (CF) on the blood glucose of critically ill patients.Methods:A non-inferiority randomized controlled trial was adopted in this study. A total of 62 patients who were fed enteral nutritional suspension through gastric tubes were enrolled. After achieving 80% of the nutrition target calories (25 kcal·kg-1·day-1) through CF, the patients were then randomly assigned into SF and CF groups. In the SF group, the feeding/fasting time was reasonably determined according to the circadian rhythm of the human body as laid out in traditional Chinese medicine theory. The total daily dosage of the enteral nutritional suspension was equally distributed among three time periods of 7 to 9 o’clock, 11 to 13 o’clock, and 17 to 19 o’clock. The enteral nutritional suspension in each time period was pumped at a uniform rate within 2 h by an enteral feeding pump. In the CF group, patients received CF at a constant velocity by an enteral feeding pump throughout the study. Blood glucose values at five points (6:00/11:00/15:00/21:00/1:00) were monitored and recorded for seven consecutive days after randomization. Enteral feeding intolerance was also recorded. Non-inferiority testing was adopted in this study, the chi-square test or Fisher test was used for qualitative data, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for quantitative data to determine differences between groups. In particular, a repeated measure one-way analysis of variance was used to identify whether changes in glucose value variables across the time points were different between the two groups.Results:There were no significant demographic or physiological differences between the SF and CF groups (P > 0.050). The average glucose level in SF was not higher than that in CF (8.8 [7.3-10.3] vs. 10.7 [9.1-12.1] mmol/L, Z = -2.079, P for non-inferiority = 0.019). Hyperglycemia incidence of each patient was more common in the CF group than that in the SF group (38.4 [19.1-63.7]% vs. 11.8 [3.0-36.7]%, Z = -2.213, P = 0.027). Hypoglycemia was not found in either group. Moreover, there was no significant difference during the 7 days in the incidence of feeding intolerance (P > 0.050).Conclusions:In this non-inferiority study, the average blood glucose in SF was not inferior to that in CF. The feeding intolerance in SF was similar to that in CF. SF may be as safe as CF for critically ill patients.
简介:Thewell-distributionspindleLiFePO4(LFP)nanoparticlesascathodeoflithiumsecondarybatteriesweresynthesizedbyasolvothermalreactionrouteatlowtemperature(180°C)inwhichtheascorbicacidwasusedasreducingagent.InordertoguaranteethatthepHvaluesofthermalsystemswerenotaffectedtoomuchandthereducibilityofthesystemwasenhancedatthesametime,glucosewaschosenasanauxiliaryreductantinthisreaction.TheobtainedpowderswerecharacterizedbyX-raydiffraction(XRD),scanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM),andlaserparticleanalyzer.Theresultsshowthatthecarbon-coateduniformspindleolivineLiFePO4/C-glucoseparticles(glucoseasauxiliaryreductant,LFP/C-G)arepreparedwiththesize500–600nmandwithoutanyimpurityphases.Theirelectrochemicalpropertieswereevaluatedbyelectrochemicalimpedancespectroscopy,cyclicvoltammetry,andgalvanostaticcharge/dischargetests.LFP/C-Ghasahigherconductivityandbetterreversiblecapabilitythancarbon-coatedLFP(LFP/C).ThehighestdischargecapacityofLFP/C-Gis161.3mAh·g-1at0.1Cand108.6mAh·g-1at5.0C,respectively.TheresultsimplythattheneatcrystalnanostructureofLFP/C-Ghasexcellentcapacityretentionandcyclingstability.Theaddingofglucoseisthekeyfactorforthewelldistributionandneatcrystalstructureofnanoparticles,thustheelectrochemicalperformancesofmaterialsareimproved.
简介:Asimpleandefficientmethodhasbeendeveloped;benzil/benzoinundergoessmoothcondensationwithvarioussubstitutedaldehydeandammoniumacetateinthepresenceofpotassiumdihydrogenphosphate(KH_2PO_4)undermildreactionconditionstoaffordthecorrespondingtrisubstitutedimidazoleinexcellentyields.Themethodforsynthesisofproduct,thereactionmixturewasrefluxinethanolfor40-90min.Thepresentmethodissimple,efficient,andcost-effective.
简介:AIMTo在cells.METHODSARPE-19细胞是的网膜的颜料上皮(RPE)上调查高葡萄糖层次和反脉管的endothelial生长因素(VEGF)代理人(bevacizumab,ranibizumab和aflibercept)的效果在不同葡萄糖层次(5.5mmol/L,25mmol/L,和75mmol/L)有教养。房间生存能力被MTT试金与D葡萄糖在处理以后在3d评估。房间迁居能力被创伤愈合试金在3d测量。一个房间死亡察觉工具包被用来在3点估计apoptosis并且14d。房间增长被EdU试金在3d估计。文化媒介在临床上相关的集中与anti-VEGF代理人被对待。实验然后在一个不同葡萄糖level.RESULTSThe生存能力被重复,ARPE-19房间的移植显著地作为与5.5mmol/L葡萄糖相比面对75mmol/L被减少。TUNEL积极的房间的百分比显著地被增加,proliferative潜力与5.5mmol/L葡萄糖相比与75mmol/L被减少。在在25mmol/L和5.5mmol/L葡萄糖之间的结果没有重要差别。面对75mmol/L葡萄糖,与anti-VEGF对待的组显示出减少的房间生存能力和增长并且增加了apoptosis。然而,anti-VEGFgroups.CONCLUSIONHigh葡萄糖水平减少之间没有重要差别RPE房间的生存能力,创伤愈合能力,和增长,当增加apoptosis时。而且,anti-VEGF代理人在高葡萄糖的条件下面防碍RPE房间的生理的功能,在房间生存能力和增长由减少伴随了。