简介:【摘要】通过对CW617N铅黄铜锻造后再结晶退火前、再结晶退火后的组织和机械性能的研究,为生产提供了锻造及热处理加工的理论依据。研究发现:再见结晶退火后组织有明细改善;再结晶退火后冷却速度不同,机械性能变化不同;采用在再结晶退火后水冷的方式能达到改善金相组织和机械性能的目的。
简介:AbstractBackground:Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein that mainly regulates erythropoiesis. In patients with chronic renal failure with anemia, darbepoetin alfa can stimulate erythropoiesis, correct anemia, and maintain hemoglobin levels. This study was designed to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of darbepoetin alfa injections as being not inferior to epoetin alfa injections (Recombinant Human Erythropoietin injection, rHuEPO) when maintaining hemoglobin (Hb) levels within the target range (10.0-12.0 g/dL) for the treatment of renal anemia.Methods:Ninety-five patients were enrolled in this study from April 15, 2013 to April 10, 2014 at 25 sites. In this study, patients (n = 95) aged 18-70 years were randomized into a once per week intravenous darbepoetin alfa group (n = 56) and a twice or three times per week intravenous epoetin alfa group (n = 39) for 28 weeks, who had anemia with hemoglobin levels between 6 g/dL and 10 g/dL due to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and were undergoing hemodialysis or hemofiltration with ESA-naive (erythropoiesis stimulating agent-naive). The primary efficacy profile was the mean Hb level (the non-inferiority margin was -1.0 g/dL, week 21-28); the secondary efficacy profiles were the Hb increase rate (week 0-4), the target Hb achievement cumulative rate and time, the change trends of the Hb levels, and the target Hb maintenance ratio. Adverse events (AEs) were observed and compared, and the efficacy and safety were analyzed between the two treatment groups. Additionally, the frequencies of dose adjustments between the darbepoetin alfa and epoetin alfa groups were compared during the treatment period. SAS® software version 9.2 was used to perform all statistical analyses. Descriptive statistics were used for all efficacy, safety, and demographic variable analyses, including for the primary efficacy indicators.Results:The mean Hb level was 11.3 g/dL in the darbepoetin alfa group and 10.7 g/dL in the epoetin alfa group, respectively; the difference of the lower limits of the 95% confidence intervals (CI) between the two groups was 0.1 g/dL (>-1.0 g/dL), and non-inferiority was proven; the Hb levels started to increase in the first four weeks at a similar increase rate; no obvious differences were observed between the groups in the target Hb achievement cumulative rates, and the Hb levels as well as the target Hb level maintenance rate changed over time. The incidence of AEs was 62.5% in the darbepoetin alfa group and 76.9% in the epoetin alfa group. All the adverse events observed in the study were those commonly associated with hemodialysis.Conclusion:Darbepoetin alfa intravenously once per week can effectively increase Hb levels and maintain the target Hb levels well, which makes it not inferior to epoetin alfa intravenously twice or three times per week. Darbepoetin alfa shows an efficacy and safety comparable to epoetin alfa for the treatment of renal anemia.
简介:摘要抗N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体(NMDAR)脑炎是由抗NMDAR抗体介导的自身免疫性脑炎。目前该病的发病机制尚未完全明确,可靠的动物模型对于研究其发病机制和病理生理过程具有重要意义。笔者就近年来文献报道的抗NMDAR脑炎动物模型进行综述,探讨每种模型的优点及局限性,以期为抗NMDAR脑炎的进一步研究提供更为适合的动物模型。
简介:摘要目的探究N95口罩长时间佩戴致面部压力性损伤(压疮)的病因分析及防治对策。方法选取2020年2月1日至2020年3月31日2 400例长时间佩戴N95口罩医护人员为研究对象,按照是否出现面部压疮将所有医护人员分为两组,观察组出现面部压疮,共1 521例,对照组未出现面部压疮,共879例,使用多因素Logisitic回归分析探究长时间佩戴N95口罩医护人员发生面部压疮的危险因素,使用清洁皮肤、面部治疗以及抗感染治疗对观察组医护人员进行治疗护理,探究防治对策的效果。结果观察组佩戴口罩超过8 h共1 452例(95.46%),尺寸不合适共1 243例(81.72%),无法及时补水共1 109例(72.91%),面部易出汗共894例(58.78%),承受明显剪切力和摩擦力共776例(51.02%);对照组佩戴口罩超过8 h共507例(57.68%),尺寸不合适共219例(24.91%),无法及时补水共301例(34.24%),面部易出汗共119例(13.54%),承受明显剪切力和摩擦力共137例(15.59%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logisitic回归分析结果显示,BMI高、糖尿病、长时间佩戴口罩、承受明显剪切力和摩擦力、面部皮肤潮湿、尺寸不合适、缺水是长时间佩戴N95口罩医护人员发生面部压疮的危险因素。观察组医护人员经治疗后面部压疮治愈共1 403例,治愈率为92.24%。结论BMI高、糖尿病、长时间佩戴引起的皮肤受压、局部皮肤承受的剪切力和摩擦力影响、面部皮肤潮湿、尺寸不合适、缺水是引起长时间佩戴N95口罩医护人员发生面部压疮的危险因素,临床上可以采取清洁皮肤、面部治疗以及抗感染治疗进行治疗,并通过清洁皮肤、定期检查和评估皮肤、滋润护理皮肤、选择合适尺寸的口罩以及预防性使用敷料进行预防。
简介:【摘要】目的:探讨分析应用品管圈提升全院N1护士胰岛素注射规范率情况。方法:选取我院126名护士为研究对象,自动组成8人品管圈小组,围绕提升胰岛素注射规范率主题活动开展品管圈活动,分析影响护士胰岛素注射规范率主要原因并拟定改进策略,根据品管圈程序实施策略与效果确认对开展品管圈前、后胰岛素注射规范率、护士综合素质情况等变化进行比较分析。结果:在有形成果方面,品管圈活动结束后,通过对护士胰岛素注射规范情况实施调查,规范注射率为93.17%(考核项目基数29,注射操作步骤错误点为27个)。说明品管圈活动采取的措施相对有效。在无形成果方面,品管圈成员在活动后,其各项能力均有所提升。结论:品管圈是一项发挥集体智慧的活动,不仅大幅度调动工作人员工作协作性与积极性,更能帮助护士解决护理中实际问题,增强圈员综合能力,进一步拓展和延伸优质护理内涵,最重要持续改进护理质量,故而,值得临床大力推广与广泛应用。
简介:摘 要:党群关系作为国有企业党建工作的重要内容,对国有企业深化改革发展过程中具有极其重要的意义,本文以山东滨州烟草有限公司卷烟物流配送中心为例,通过探索建立“1+3N”党群共建模式,有效解决当前企业在队伍建设过程中遇到的困难和问题,并分析造成队伍发展瓶颈的原因,提出了相应的解决对策,做出了积极有益的改革性探索。
简介:摘要:光催化氧化法降解染料废水是目前研究的热点,而纳米TiO2化学性质稳定、难溶于酸和碱、成本低而活性高,其应用前景极好,是研究的热点之一。本文研究了在可见光照射条件下,N, Co掺杂的介孔二氧化钛催化剂光催化降解碱性品红的情况,研究结果表明,该催化剂具有高效的可见光催化活性。
简介:【摘要】目的 探究情景模拟教学在手术室N0级护士带教中的应用效果分析。方法 选取2020年1月-2022年4月在本院接受培训的65名N0级护士作为研究对象,按照教学培训模式的不同,将所有N0级护士分为观察组(情景模拟教学)和对照组(常规教学)两组。再将两组培训后的护士进行理论考核与临床技能实操考核,通过考核结果,分析情景模拟教学对在手术室N0级护士带教中的应用效果。结果 观察组的各项技能实操考核与理论考核结果均高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 情景模拟教学在对手术室N0级护士的带教教学中起着良好的积极作用,能使N0级护士更快更高效率的进入临床之中。
简介:摘要:本文以特色学校文化为视角,在学校文化构建模式的基础上,结合重庆市N小学特色英语学校文化建设活动实践,从英语环境文化、英语课堂文化和责任文化阐述特色学校文化的构建途径。