简介：AnovelphotoelectrochemicalbiosensorincorporatingnanosizedCdSsemiconductorcrystalswithenzymetoenhancephotochemicalreactionhasbeeninvestigated.CdSnanoparticlesweresynthe-sizedbyusingdendrimerPAMAMasinnertemplates.TheCdSnanoparticlesandglucoseoxidase(GOD)wereimmobilizedonPtelectrodevialayer-by-layer(LbL)techniquetofabricateabiological-inorganichybridsystem.Underultravioletlight,thephoto-effectoftheCdSnanoparticlesshowedenhancementofthebiosensortodetectglucose.PtnanoparticlesweremixedintotheNafionfilmtoimmobilizetheCdS/enzymecompositesandtoimprovethechargetransferofthehybrid.Experimentalresultsdemon-stratethedesirablecharacteristicsofthisbiosensingsystem,e.g.asensitivityof1.83A/(mMcm2),lowerdetectionlimit(1M),andacceptablereproducibilityandstability.

简介：Wehaveintroducedtheglousesupporter(GS)formicrosurgerysince1991andreporteditsexperimentalstudiesin1992,andnowwepresentitsresultsonclinicalapplicationsinthispaper.GSismadefromglucose,sodiumchlorideanddextranuminproperratio.Ithasbeenprovedtohavenomaterialtoxicityonanimalsandhuman

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简介：ＡＮＥＷＴＹＰＥＯＦＧＬＵＣＯＳＥＳＥＮＳＯＲＦＯＲＣＬＩＮＩＣＡＬＴＥＳＴＹｉｋａｉＺｈｏｕ，ＨｏｎｇＬｉ，ＳｈｕＲｅｎ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌＭｅｄｉｃｉｎｅＴｏｎｇｊｉＭｅｄｉｃａｌＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ，Ｗｕｈａｎ，...

简介：CunanoclusterswereelectrochemicallydepositedonthefilmofaNafion-solubilizedmulti-wallcarbonnanotubes(CNTs)modifiedglassycarbonelectrode(CNTs-GCE),whichfabricatedaCu-CNTscompositesensor(Cu-CNTs-GCE)todetectglucosewithnon-enzyme.Thelinearrangeis7.0×10-7to3.5×10-3mol/Lwithahighsensitivityof17.76μA/(mmolL),withalowdetectionlimit2.1×10-7mol/L,fastresponsetime(within5s),goodreproducibilityandstability.

简介：Thepropertiesofimmobilizedglucoseoxidase(GOD)bythecomplexesofdiethylaminoethylcellulose(DEAEC)withdifferentpolymers,suchaspolymethylacrylicacid(PMAA),polyacrylicacid(PAA),polystyrenesulfonicacid(PSSA),polyvinylaleohol(PVA),polyethyleneoxide(PEO)andstyrene-maleicacidcopolymer(PSMA)wereinvestigated.TheactivityofimmobilizedGODwasobviouslyinfluencedbythecomponentoftheDEAECcomplexes.TherelativeactivityoftheimmobilizedGODreachedtomaximumandover90%ofthenativeGOD.whentheDEAEC-PMAADEAEC-PAAcomplexeswereusedasacarrierwiththemolarratioofDEAECandpolyacidofaboutone.Michaelisconstants(Km)oftheimmobilizedenzymesofDEAEC-GOD-PMAAandDEAEC-GOD-PAAweredeterminedtobe1.25and1.00,respectively.Moreover,theimmobilizedGODhasagoodstoragestabilityandcycliclife.

简介：Anewtypeoffiberopticglucosebiosensorbasedonfluorescencequenchinghasbeendesignedanditspropertieshavebeenstudied.Glucosecanbeoxidizedbyoxygenwhenglucoseoxidaseareusedasthecatalyst,therefore,theconcentrationofglucosecanbemeasuredbydetectingtheconsumptionofoxygen.Forthedetectionofoxygenconcentration,theruthenium(Ⅱ)complex,Ru(bpy)3Cl2,wereusedasthefluorescenceindicatoranditsfluorescencelifetimeweredetectedbylock-intechnology.Thedetectingrangeofthesensoris50-500mg/dlanditsresponsetimeis30seconds,showingthatthiskindofsensorsispossibletobeusedinclinicaldiagnosisanddetection.

简介：NaphtholgreenBwasused,forthefirsttime,asanewmediatorinanamperometricglucosebiosensor.Itisagoodmediator,promotingelectrontransferfromglucoseoxidasetographiteelectrode.Thebiosensorshowshighsensitivitytoglucoseatlowpotentialwithresponsetimeof30seconds.Thelinearrangeisfrom1.5to18μmol/Lglucosewithdetectionlimitof0.5μmol/Lglucose.

简介：D－riboseisaunique,5-carbonsugarthatoccursnaturallyinalllivingcells,D-ribosehasbeenusedasastaringmaterialforpreparationofsomecertainmedicinesorjustasanewnutraceuticalthathelpstheodynaturallyrestoreitsenergylevel,Thefermentativeprocessesarethebestfortheirrelativelysimpleseriesofproductionstepsandrelativelycheapstartingmaterials.However,becauseofthemanyimpuritiesinglucoseyeastwateranditsdarkcolor,pretreatmentandpurificationmustbedonetothefluidbeforeD-ribosecanbeseparated.Inthispaper,separationandpurificationofD-ribosewascarriedoutusingcationexchangeresins,ofwhichCa^2+exchangeresinhadthebesteffect.Theoptimalconditionforadsorptionisaflowvelocityof0.5BV/hatadsorptiontemperatureof25℃,Theoptimalconditionfordesorptionisaflowvelocityof0.5BV/hatdesorptiontemperatureof80℃。

简介：Thisstudyisconcernedwithchitosan-polyacrylicacidcomplexasacarriertoimmobilizeglucoseoxidase(GOD)andcellulase.TheoptimumemperatureoftheimmobilizedGOD(IG)wasdeterminedtobe60℃whichishigherthanthatofthenativeGODabout40℃.Theoptimumtemperatureoftheimmobilizedcellulase(IC)wasdeterminedtobeabout30℃higherthanthatofnativecellulase.BothoftheoptimumpHofIGandICshiftedonepHunittoacid.ImmobilizedenzymemaybeusedinmorewidepHrange.Theirstoragelifearemuchlongercomparedwiththeirnativestates.Bothofthemcanbereusedatleast12times.

简介：INTRODUCTIONThealternatingaccesstransportermodel(AATM)wasinitiallyconstructedtorationalizeandexplainafewreadilyquantifiableandreproducibleexperimentalfindings.TheAATM,asoriginallyconceived,consistsofsinglespecificbindingsitecentrallysituatedwithinthecellmembrane.Thesitealternatelyfacesinwardsandoutwards.Duringtheinversionprocess,thesitecantransportsugaracrossthemembrane,anddissociationintothealternatebathingsolutionresultsinnettransport.ReturnoftheemptysitereinitiatesthetransportcycleasillustratedinFig.1A.Glucosetransport,whichwasdemonstratedfirstinhumanredcells(LeFevreandLeFevre1952)andsheepplacenta(Widdas1951),hashighstereospecificityforD-pyranosesugars,likeD-glucoseandD-xyloseinpreferencetoL-sugars,e.g.L-fructoseornon-transportedL-glucose.Thistransportprocesshassimilaritiestoenzymekinetics:bothhavesaturationkinetics,theKmbeingtheconcentrationatwhichhalfmaximaltransportvelocity,Vmaxobtained,isameasureofapparentaffinityofligandforthetransporter(Fig.1B).Theprocessispassiveinthehumanredcell,sinceatequilibriumtheglucoseconcentrationsintheextraandintracellularsolutionsarethesame;i.e.netuphillaccumulationdoesnotoccur.

简介：AbstractIt shows that detrimental exposures and conditions in mothers can lead to the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes in offspring. This can lead to a vicious cycle of metabolic dysfunction, where rising rates of obesity, pre-diabetes, and diabetes in individuals of reproductive age, propagating risks to subsequent generations. It is well established that regular exercise has important health benefits for people with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Recently, increasing studies aim to examine the effects of maternal exercise on metabolic health in offspring. This review aims to demonstrate the evidence linking maternal exercise during critical periods of development and its implications for glucose metabolism in offspring, including intervention timing, sexual dimorphism, different exercise type, and intensity. Then we further examine the potential role of epigenetic modifications in this process.

简介：ObjectivesTodetectwhetherpersistingortransientglucosemetabolismdisorderisresponsibleforadmissionhyperglycemiainpatientswithacutemyocardicinfarction(AMI).MethodsTwogroupsofpatientswereenrolled:AMIgroupandcontrolgroup.Fastingplasmaglucose,2hoursplasmaglucose,glycatedalbumin(GA)andglycatedhaemoglobin(HbA1c)weremeasuredatbaselineinbothgroupsand30daysafterAMIattackinAMIgroup.Results(1)Therewerenosignificantdifferencesinbaselinecharacteristicsbetweenbothgroups;(2)Comparedwiththecontrolgroup,thelevelsofGAandHbAlcinAMIgroupatbaselineweresignificantlyhigher.(3)At30dayfollow-upinAMIgroup,bothFBGand2hPGdecreasedtonormalvalues,HbAlcdidnotchange,butonlyGAkeptonincreasing.ConclusionsHyperglycemiaonadmissioninpatientswithAMIresultedfrombothpreexistingmetabolicdisorderandstressreactionaswell.GAistheonlyindicatorthatcouldrecalltheexaggerationofglucosemetabolicdisorderduringAMIattackat30dayfollow-up.

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简介：AbstractSodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2 inhibitors) are a new type of drug for the treatment of diabetes, and they have been proven to have a good hypoglycemic effect. Several lines of clinical evidence have shown that SGLT2 inhibitors can significantly reduce the risks of atherosclerosis, hospitalization for heart failure, cardiovascular death, and all-cause mortality and delay the progression of chronic kidney disease. Because of the protective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on the heart and kidney, they are being studied for the treatment of heart failure and chronic kidney disease in patients without diabetes. Therefore, it is necessary for cardiologists, patients with diabetes, and nephrologists to fully understand this type of drug. In this review, we summarize the following three aspects of SGLT2 inhibitors: the recent clinical evidence of their cardiovascular benefits, their mechanisms of action, and their safety.

简介：InthisLetter,aminiaturewearableRamanspectroscopysystemisdeveloped.Awearablefiber-opticprobeiemployedtohelpthestableandconvenientcollectionofRamanspectra.Anonlinearpartialleastsquaresmodebasedonamultivariatedominantfactorisemployedtopredicttheglucoselevel.Themeancoefficientsofdeterminationare0.99,0.893,and0.844fortheglucosesolution,laboratoryrats,andhumanvolunteers.ThresultsdemonstratethataminiaturewearableRamanspectroscopysystemisfeasibletoachievethenoninvasivdetectionofhumanbloodglucoseandhasimportantclinicalapplicationvalueindiseasediagnosis.

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简介：ObjectivesToinvestigatetheeffectoftelmisartanonhumanumbilicalveinendothelialcells(HUVEC)exposedtohighglucoseinvitroandtherelatedmechanism.MethodsHUVECswereincubatedwithtelmisartanandglucose(5mmol/L,30mmol/L)at0h,12h,24h,36h,48h,respectively.Thelevelofmalondialdehyde(MDA)andsuperoxidedismutase(SOD)inthesupernatantofculturedendothelialcellswasmeasuredbythiobarbituricacidtestandxanthineoxidasetest.TheexpressionofPPAR-γwasdeterminedat24hourwithWesternblottechnique.ResultsWhentheendothelialcellswereculturedinhighglucoseenvironment,theMDAlevelwassignificantlyincreased,buttheSODactivityandtheproteinexpressionofPPAR-γweremarkedlydecreased.However,thehighglucose-inducedeffectswereinhibitedbytelmisartanintervention.ConclusionTelmisartancandecreaseoxidativestressandincreasePPAR-γexpressionofendothelialcellsinhighglucoseenvironment.

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