简介：Thispaperstudiesmechanicalpropertyandfractographyoftheweldedjointsobtainedindifferentweldingparameterssuchasweldingheatandweldingpresswith/withoutgasshieldinTiNishapememoryalloyprecisepulseresistancebuttweldingusingtensilestrengthtest,XRD,SEMandTEMmeasures.Theoptimumweldingparametersobtaininghightensilestrengthweldedjointaregot.Ontheconditionofweldingpressmagnetingcurrent2Aandweldingheat75%,thejointstrengthisthehighest.ThisisimportantfortostudyotherpropertiesofTiNishapememoryalloyfurther.Theexperimentalresultsstatethatargongasshieldhavedifferenteffectsondifferentweldingparameters,lessonweldingpress,butgreatonweldingheat.Butexcessiveweldingpressandweldingheathavegreateffectsonjointtensilestrength.Toohighweldingheatcanproducethenewintermetalliccompound,thisintermetalliccompoundleadtodislocationdensitytoincreaseandformthepotentialcrackinitiation,whichcaneasilymakethejointfractureunderstresseffectanddecreasetheshapememoryratioofjointforhighdensitydislocationgroupsexistinginthetwinnedmartensite.

简介：AIMToinvestigatetheeffectsofCapsuleYi-Zhi(CYZ)onlearningandmemorydisorderandbeta-amyloidproteininducedneurotoxieityinrats.MethodsVariousdosesofCYZwereadministeredtoSprague-Dawley(SD)ratsfor8days,twiceaday.Thenscopolaminehydrobromide(Sco)intraperitonealinjectionwasperformedoneachratandthe

简介：Putin’sforceful,almostcontemptuousdismissalofwarningsfromU.S.andEuropeanleadersaboutthedangerouspathhewaspursuingledtoanxiousspeclationaboutwhatlaybehindit.Afteryearsofpursuingapragmaticgeopoliticalgamethatwasunderstandable,thoughnotalwaysappreciatedbytheWest,Putinseemedtobeoperatinginadifferentworld.HehadspentyearscourtingacceptanceinorganizationsliketheG8,whosemeetinghehadplannedonhostinginthenewSochiWinterOlympicssetting,butin2014heseemedtobethrowingeverythingawayinpursuitofsomesortofmissionthatfewinthewestunderstood.

简介：社会昆虫展览建筑群学习和记忆机制当时foraging。Vespulagermanica(Fab)(Hymenoptera：Vespidae)是一只侵略社会黄蜂经常undepleted食物来源上的牧草，做在资源和巢之间的几架班机。以前的研究证明了在这重定位的行为期间，黄蜂学会把食物与某个地点联系，并且能记起这个协会1h以后。在这个工作，我们评估了这黄蜂种是否能够在24h以后检索一个确定的协会。为这个目的，我们训练了自由飞的个人从位于一个试验性的数组的一个试验性的盘子(feeder)收集proteinaceous食物。150个个人的一个总数被给予2，4，或8访问。在训练阶段以后，数组以后，但是这次再被搬迁并且设置24h第二个引诱盘子被放对第一相反。在24h以后，我们记录了回到了从以前有学问的喂车站或nonlearned车站收集了食物的试验性的区域和那些的黄蜂的率。在严峻的阶段期间，而归还黄蜂的率与4或8训练了，我们观察到黄蜂的低率与2训练了收集还给试验性的区域(22%)的收集访问更高(51%和41%，分别地)。而且，与8喂的访问训练的黄蜂比从nonlearned那只做了的那些以更高的率从以前有学问的喂车站收集了食物。相反，黄蜂训练了2或4次以类似的率选择了两个喂的车站。因此，显著地，更多的黄蜂在8架重复foraging班机以后然而并非在仅仅2或4访问以后回到了以前有学问的喂车站。这是在V表明长期的空间记忆的存在的第一份报告。germanica黄蜂。

简介：IL-12priming在CD8+受动器T房间的刺激和CD8+记忆T(Tm)房间的开发起一个重要作用。然而，房间当IL-12priming不在时开发了的CD8+Tm的功能的改变是elusive.In这研究，我们调查了房间从转基因的OT开发了的CD8+Tm的第二等的扩大的能力我CD8+T房间。后者房间在vitro并且在ovalbumin(卵)刺激的vivo是-puised树枝状的房间[DCOVA并且(IL-12-/-)DCOVA]分别地源于野类型的C57BL/6和IL-12基因大美人老鼠。我们证明IL-12priming在CD8+T房间是重要的不仅同种细胞的扩大，而且在有在抗原再相遇之上的第二等的扩大的能力的CD8+Tm房间的产生。然而，发信号的IL-12不涉及CD8+Tm房间幸存和召回回答。因此，这研究为疫苗的设计和开发提供有用信息。

简介：Theeffectofthermalcyclingunderloadingonmartensitictransformationandtwo-wayshapememoryeffectwasinvestigatedforTi-49.8at.pctNialloy.ItisshownthatMsandMftemperatureincreasewithincreasingthenumberofcycles,whileAsandAftemperaturedecreaseduringthermalcycling.Thetotalstrainεtandpermanentstrainεpincreasewithincreasingappliedstressandnumberofcycles.Thetwo-wayshapememoryeffectcanbeimprovedbyproperthermalcyclingtrainingunderloading,whileexcessivelyhighappliedstressresultsinthedeteriorationofTWSME.Thereasonforthechangesinmartensitictransformationcharacteristicsandtwo-wayshapememoryeffectduringthermalcyclingunderloadingisdiscussedbasedontheanalysisofmicrostructurebyTEMobservations.

简介：Objective:MemorystemTcells(Tscm)haveattractedattentionbecauseoftheirenhancedself-renewal,multipotentcapacity,andanti-tumorcapacities.However,littleisknownaboutTscminpatientswithrenalclearcellcarcinoma(RCC)andtheroleofWntsignalinginthesecells.WeevaluatedTscmfromRCCpatientsconcerningtheiractivationofWntsignalinginvitroandexploredthemechanismofpreferentialsurvival.Methods:FlowcytometryidentifiedsurfacemarkersandcytokinesproducedfromaccumulatedTscminthepresenceoftheglycogensynthasekinasebetainhibitorTWS119.Apoptosiswasevaluatedafterinductionusingtumornecrosisfactor-alpha.ImmunofluorescenceandWesternblotanalyseswereusedtoinvestigatetheactivationofthenuclearfactor-kappaB(NF-КB)pathway.Results:RCCpatientshadasimilarpercentageofCD4~+andCD8~+Tscmashealthydonors.ActivationofWntsignalingbyTWS119resultedintheaccumulationofTscminactivatedTcells,butreversalofdifferentiatedTcellstoTscmwasnotachieved.PreferentialsurvivalofTscmwasassociatedwithincreasedanti-apoptoticabilitymediateddownstreamoftheNF-КBactivationpathway.Conclusions:ThefindingthatTscmcanaccumulatebyWntsignalinginvitroinbloodfromRCCpatientswillhelpindevisingnewcancertherapystrategiesofTscm-basedadoptiveimmunotherapy,suchasdendriticcell-stimulatedTscm,andTcellreceptororchimericantigenreceptor-engineeredTscm.

简介：UnipolarresistiveswitchingbehaviorsoftheZnOandAl2O3/ZnOfilmsfabricatedonflexiblesubstratesbypulselaserdepositionwerestudiedinthispaper.Thefilmsweredepositedatroomtemperaturewithoutpost-annealingtreatmentduringtheprocess.XraydiffractionresultsindicatedthatZnOfilmhasadominantpeakat(002).ScanningelectronmicroscopyobservationshowedacolumnargrainstructureoftheZnOfilmtothesubstrate.ThebilayerdeviceofAl2O3/ZnOfilmshadstableresistiveswitchingbehaviorswithagoodenduranceperformanceofmorethan200cycles,highresistiveswitchingratioofover103atareadvoltageof0.1V,whichisbetterthanthatofthesingleoxidelayerdeviceofZnOfilm.Apossibleresistiveswitchingfilamentarymodewasdemonstratedinthispaper.TheconductionmechanismsofhighandlowresistancestatescanbeexplainedbyspacechargelimitedconductionandOhmic’sbehaviors.Theenduranceofthebilayer(BL)devicewasnotdegradeduponbendingcycles,whichindicatesthepotentialoftheflexibleresistiveswitchingrandomaccessmemoryapplications.

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简介：ThestainlessFe-Mn-Sishapememoryalloy(SMA)coatingwaspreparedonthesurfaceofAISI304stainlesssteel.Theprincipalresidualstressmeasuredbythemechanicalhole-drillingmethodindicatesthattheFe-Mn-SiSMAcladdingspecimenpossessesalowerresidualstresscomparedwiththe304stainlesssteelcladdingspecimen.Themeanstressvaluesoftheformerandthelatteron10-mm-thicksubstrateare4.751MPaand7.399MPa,respectively.What’smore,theirdeformationvalueson2-mm-thicksubstrateareabout0°and15°,respectively.Meanwhile,thevariationtrendandthevalueoftheresidualstresssimulatedbytheANSYSfiniteelementsoftwareconsistwithexperimentalresults.TheX-raydiffraction(XRD)patternshowsε-martensiteexistsinFe-Mn-SiSMAcoating,whichverifiesthemechanismoflowresidualstress.That’stheγ→εmartensitephasetransformation,whichrelaxestheresidualstressofthespecimenandreducesitsdeformationinthelasercladdingprocessing.

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简介：AbstractObjective:Only a few studies have investigated the development trends in spatial working memory and attention among a large sample of primary school students over a wide range of ages, while the efficiency of learning and memory processes is fundamental to academic performance, particularly for children, who are in a key developmental stage when their life opportunities can be altered. We aimed to explore how the spatial working memory and attention of primary school children are affected by grade, academic performance, and sex.Methods:In this cross-sectional observational study, students (144 boys, 139 girls, 6-13 years old) were recruited from Experimental Primary School Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University in Shanghai, China in 2018. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Bio-Ethics Board of the Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Based on a simple Spatial Working Memory and Attention Test on Paired Symbols test, we evaluate 283 participants’ working memory and attention ability.Results:Attention and working memory performance were enhanced as a positive function of grade in primary school children, and students who showed better academic achievement also performed better on the working memory task. However, attention and working memory performance were not affected by sex.Conclusion:Attention and working memory performance of primary school students develop with grade and corresponds to Better academic performance. Attention and working memory ability do not differ significantly between boys and girls.

简介：TheelectrochemicalbehaviorofCu-Zn-Alshapememoryalloy(SMA)withandwithoutelectrolessplatedNi-PwasinvestigatedbyelectrochemicalmethodsinartificialTyrode'ssolution.TheresultsshowedthatCu-Zn-AlSMAengendereddezincificationcorrosioninTyrode'ssolution.TheanodicactivecurrentdensitiesaswellaselectrochemicaldissolutionsensitivityoftheelectrolessplatedNi-PCu-Zn-AlSMAincreasedwithNaClconcentrationrising,pHofsolutiondecreasingandenvironmentaltemperatureuprising.X-raydiffractionanalysisindicatedthataftersurfacemodificationbyelectrolessplatedNi-P,anamorphousplatedfilmformedonthesurfaceofCu-Zn-AlSMA.ThisfilmcaneffectivelyisolatematrixmetalfromcorrosionmediaandsignificantlyimprovetheelectrochemicalpropertyofCu-Zn-AlSMAinartificialTyrode'ssolution.

简介：TranslatedTheyearof2005isthe60^thanniversaryofthevictoryoftheWorldWarofAnti-Fascism.Itisaloftymissionofthemankindtolearnfromhistoryinordertofacethefuture,topreservepeaceandtopromotedevelopment.Thisarticlecoverstwomainpoints：oneisthereflectionontheWorldWarofAnti-fascismandtheotheristhecurrentworldsituationafter60yearsofthewar.

简介：尽管有CD4+CD25+规章的T房间(Tregs)在过去的十年期间，在他们的临床的翻译以后的进步仍然保持停滞。增长证据建议那自然地发生的CD8+CD122+T房间也是有能力的Tregs禁止T房间回答并且象alloimmunity一样压制autoimmunity。事实上，他们是像记忆的Tregs类似于一个中央记忆T房间(T厘米)显型。位于他们的抑制下面的机制仍然不好被理解，尽管他们可以包括IL-10生产。我们最近证明了那个规划death-1(PD-1)表达式区分在之间规章并且存储器CD8+CD122+T房间和那CD8+CD122+Tregs经历更快的homeostatic增长并且比常规CD4+CD25+Tregs。这些调查结果可以为在诊所加速有效Treg治疗打开调查的一根新线。在这评论，我们在CD8+CD122+Treg在诊所研究并且讨论他们的显型，在autoimmunity和alloimmunity的镇压角色，功能的要求，行动的机制和潜在的应用。

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简介：BACKGROUND:Previousexperimentshaveconfirmedbonemorphogeneticproteins(BMPs)upregulatecholinergicexpressioninneuronsisolatedfromtheembryonicrathippocampusandcerebralcortex.Therefore,BMPscouldbeusefulfortreatingAlzheimer'sdiseaseandotherneurodegenerativediseases.OBJECTIVE:BMP-4wasinfusedintothehippocampaldentategyrusoffornix-fimbriatransectedratstotesttheeffectsofBMP-4oncholinergicexpressionindentategyrusneurons,andtoobservechangesinspatialmemorybehavior.DESIGN:Arandomizedcontrolledanimalexperiment.SETTING:DepartmentofNeurosurgeryandLaboratoryforCellBiology,InstituteofGeriatrics,GeneralHospitalofChinesePLA.MATERIALS:Twenty-sevenhealthyadultmaleSpragueDawley(SD)rats,weighing250-300g,wereprovidedbytheLaboratoryAnimalCenteroftheGeneralHospitalofChinesePLA.Reagents:BMP-4(B-2680,SigmaCompany)andcholineacetyltransferase(ChAT)antibody(AB5042,ChemiconCompany)wereusedinthisstudy.Equipments:aratstereotaxicinstrument(type:SN-2N,NarushigeGroup,Japan)andImage-prog-plusimageanalysissoftware(MediaCyberneticscompany,USA)wereusedinthisstudy.Theprotocolwascarriedoutinaccordancewithethicalguidelinesfortheuseandcareofanimals.METHODS:ThisexperimentwasperformedintheInstituteofGeriatrics,GeneralHospitalofChinesePLAbetweenJuly2004andMarch2005.Ratswererandomlydividedinto4groups:Alzheimer'sdiseasegroup(n=7),normalcontrolgroup(n=5),BMP-4-Alzheimer'sdiseasegroup(n=8),andmodelgroup(n=7).IntheAlzheimer'sdiseasegroup,thelefthippocampalfornix-fimbriaofratswastransectedtomimicAlzheimer'sdiseasesymptoms.IntheBMP-4-Alzheimer'sdiseasegroup,1μLBMP-4(10mg/L)wasperfusedintotheleftdentategyruswithamicroinjectorat1μL/min.Inthemodelgroup,1μLsalinewasperfusedintothesamepositionbythesamemethod.Twenty-eightdaysafterinjection,Morriswatermazetestwasperformedinallr

简介：做Si的Ge(2)sb(2)Te(5)电影被dc劈啪作响magnetronco与Ge2Sb2Te5和Si目标准备了。在在两结晶化温度和阶段转变温度fromface-centred-cubic(fcc)的增加的Te(5)电影结果分阶段执行到的Ge(2)sb(2)的Si的增加六角形(十六进制)阶段。Ge2Sb2Te5电影的抵抗力显示出重要增加，Si做。当在这部电影做Si的11.8at.%时，在退火的460度C以后的抵抗力与undopedGe2Sb2Te5电影相比从64～99终止从1～11m终止(.)厘米和动态抵抗增加增加。这对写阶段变化随机存取记忆的当前的减小很有用。

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