简介：目的：为了揭示马齿苋药材中具有润肠通便功能的药效物质。方法：采用水提醇沉的方法制备马齿苋总多糖和生物碱，并使用三氯甲烷和正丁醇的混合液脱除多糖中蛋白质得到脱蛋白多糖，再使用AB-8大孔吸附树脂分离上清液中低极性成分和高极性成分。制备洛哌丁胺致肠蠕动抑制模型小鼠，采用碳墨推进法，通过测定马齿苋各活性组分模型小鼠小肠推进的百分率及脱蛋白多糖正常小鼠小肠推进百分率进行筛选和评价。结果：制备得到马齿苋多糖、马齿苋脱蛋白多糖、马齿苋生物碱、水提醇沉上清液中低极性成分和高级性成分；小鼠小肠推进实验结果显示，马齿苋多糖及脱蛋白多糖对肠蠕动抑制模型小鼠的小肠推进有促进作用，而且马齿苋脱蛋白多糖对正常小鼠、模型小鼠小肠推进均有促进作用，且呈良好的量效关系。结论：马齿苋药材中具有润肠通便功能的药效物质为多糖成分。

简介：目的：研究苯甲酸胁迫对人参幼根生长、根尖细胞显微结构、超微结构以及功能基因表达的影响。方法：采用体视显微镜观察人参幼根根尖形态结构；采用光学显微镜观察人参幼根显微结构；采用透射电镜研究苯甲酸对人参根尖超微结构的影响；采用qRT-PCR方法研究功能基因差异表达情况。结果：苯甲酸能够抑制人参根尖根毛的生长，根尖表皮组织排列疏松，并导致细胞内含物出现异常，细胞壁增厚；核仁核膜解体、消失；细胞内淀粉颗粒空泡化，逐渐解体消失。另外，苯甲酸胁迫还导致1个ARF-GEF，1个bHLH，2个XTH，1个MYB，1个ZAT和1个sHSP基因的差异表达。结论：苯甲酸胁迫对人参根尖细胞结构及功能基因表达均有影响。

简介：Ginkgolicacids(GAs),primarilyfoundintheleaves,nuts,andtestaofginkgobiloba,havebeenidentifiedwithsuspectedallergenic,genotoxicandcytotoxicproperties.However,littleinformationisavailableaboutGAstoxicityinkidneysandtheunderlyingmechanismhasnotbeenthoroughlyelucidatedsofar.InsteadofGAsextract,therenalcytotoxicityofGA(15:1),whichwasisolatedfromthetestaofGinkgobiloba,wasassessedinvitrobyusingMDCKcells.TheactionofGA(15:1)oncellviabilitywasevaluatedbytheMTTandneutralreduptakeassays.Comparedwiththecontrol,thecytotoxicityofGA(15:1)onMDCKcellsdisplayedatime-anddose-dependentmanner,suggestingthecellsmitochondriaandlysosomesweredamaged.ItwasconfirmedthatGA(15:1)resultedinthelossofcellsmitochondrialtrans-membranepotential(ΔΨm).Inpropidiumiodide(PI)staininganalysis,GA(15:1)inducedcellcyclearrestattheG0/G1andG2/Mphases,influencingontheDNAsynthesisandcellmitosis.CharacteristicsofnecroticcelldeathwereobservedinMDCKcellsattheexperimentalconditions,asaresultofDNAagarosegelelectrophoresisandmorphologicalobservationofMDCKcells.Inconclusion,thesefindingsmightprovideusefulinformationforabetterunderstandingoftheGA(15:1)inducedrenaltoxicity.

简介：Thepresentstudywasdesignedtosynthesize2-Cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-en-28-oate-13β,28-olide(1),alactonederivativeofoleanolicacid(OA)andevaluateitsanti-inflammatoryactivity.Compound1significantlydiminishednitricoxide(NO)productionanddown-regulatedthemRNAexpressionofiNOS,COX-2,IL-6,IL-1β,andTNF-αinlipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulatedRAW264.7cells.FurtherinvivostudiesinmurinemodelofLPS-inducedacutelunginjury(ALI)showedthat1possessedmorepotentprotectiveeffectsthanthewell-knownanti-inflammatorydrugdexamethasonebyinhibitingmyeloperoxidase(MPO)activity,reducingtotalcellsandneutrophils,andsuppressinginflammatorycytokinesexpression,andthusamelioratingthehistopathologicalconditionsoftheinjuredlungtissue.Inconclusion,compound1couldbedevelopedasapromisinganti-inflammatoryagentforinterventionofLPS-inducedALI.