简介:ThispaperaimstoidentifythemaindrivingforceforchangesoftotalprimaryenergyconsumptioninBeijingduringtheperiodof1981-2005.Sectoralenergyusewasinvestigatedwhenregionaleconomicstructurechangedsignificantly.ThechangesoftotalprimaryenergyconsumptioninBeijingaredecomposedintoproductioneffects,structuraleffectsandintensityeffectsusingtheadditiveversionofthelogarithmicmeanDivisiaindex(LMDI)method.Aggregatedecompositionanalysisshowedthatthemajorcontributoroftotaleffectwasmadebytheproductioneffectfol-lowedbytheintensityeffect,andthestructuraleffectwasrela-tivelyinsignificant.Thetotalandproductioneffectswereallposi-tive.Incontrast,thestructuraleffectandintensityeffectwereallnegative.Sectoraldecompositioninvestigationindicatedthatthemosteffectivewaytoslowdownthegrowthrateoftotalprimaryenergyconsumption(TPEC)wastoreducetheproductionoftheenergy-intensiveindustrialsectorsandimprovingindustrialen-ergyintensity.Theresultsshowthatinthisperiod,Beijing'seconomyhasundergoneatransformationfromanindustrialtoaserviceeconomy.However,thestructuresofsectoralenergyusehavenotbeenchangedyet,andenergydemandshouldbein-creasinguntiltheenergy-intensiveindustrialproductiontobereducedandenergyintensityoftheregionreachesapeak.Assequenceenergyconsumptiondataofsub-sectorsarenotavailable,onlythefundamentalthreesectorsareconsidered:agriculture,industryandservice.However,furtherdecompositionintosecon-daryandtertiarysectorsisdefinitelyneededfordetailedinvesti-gations.
简介:Basedonshift-sharemethod,thisarticleemploysregionalshare,structuralshiftandcompetitiveshifttoanalyzethestructuralbenefitandcompetitivepositionofagriculturalstructureinwesternChinabycomparingwithagriculture,foresting,stockbreedingandfishingbeforeandafterConversionofFarmlandtoForestandGrassland(CFFG).Thenauthorsdrawfollowingconclusion:whileCFFGprogramhasbeenputinpractice,theagriculturalstructureinwesternChinahassometypicalcharacteristics,suchasgrowthfaster,structuralpredominanceobviousandmorecompetitive.Butthecontributivenessfromthecompetitionisnottoomuchyet,andthestructuralbenefitofforestestateandstockbreedingarerestrained.
简介:WhenaccountingtheCO2emissionsresponsibilityoftheelectricitysectorattheprovinciallevelinChina,itisofgreatsignificancetoconsiderthescopeofbothproducers’andtheconsumers’responsibility,sincethiswillpromotefairnessindefiningemissionresponsibilityandenhancecooperationinemissionreductionamongprovinces.Thispaperproposesanewmethodforcalculatingcarbonemissionsfromthepowersectorattheprovinciallevelbasedonthesharedresponsibilityprincipleandtakingintoaccountinterregionalpowerexchange.Thismethodcannotonlybeusedtoaccounttheemissionresponsibilitysharedbyboththeelectricityproductionsideandtheconsumptionside,butitisalsoapplicableforcalculatingthecorrespondingemissionresponsibilityundertakenbythoseprovinceswithnetelectricityoutflowandinflow.ThismethodhasbeenusedtoaccountforthecarbonemissionsresponsibilitiesofthepowersectorattheprovinciallevelinChinasince2011.Theempiricalresultsindicatethatcomparedwiththeproduction-basedaccountingmethod,thecarbonemissionsofmajorpower-generationprovincesinChinacalculatedbythesharedresponsibilityaccountingmethodarereducedbyatleast10%,butthoseofotherpower-consumptionprovincesareincreasedby20%ormore.Secondly,basedontheprincipleofsharedresponsibilityaccounting,InnerMongoliahasthehighestcarbonemissionsfromthepowersectorwhileHainanhasthelowest.Thirdly,fourprovinces,includingInnerMongolia,Shanxi,HubeiandAnhui,havethehighestcarbonemissionsfromnetelectricityoutflow-14milliontin2011,accountingfor74.42%oftotalcarbonemissionsfromnetelectricityoutflowinChina.Sixprovinces,includingHebei,Beijing,Guangdong,Liaoning,Shandong,andJiangsu,havethehighestcarbonemissionsfromnetelectricityinflow-11milliontin2011,accountingfor71.44%oftotalcarbonemissionsfromnetelectricityinflowinChina.Lastly,thispaperhasestimatedtheemissionfactorsofelectricity
简介:第一章总则第一条为了防治和减轻海洋工程建设项目(以下简称海洋工程)污染损害海洋环境,维护海洋生态平衡,保护海洋资源,根据《中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法》,制定本条例。第二条在中华人民共和国管辖海域内从事海洋工程污染损害海洋环境防治活动,适用本条例。
简介:NewtechnologiesareinurgentneedofunconventionalhydrocarbonexplorationanddevelopmentinChina.Thispaperprovidesabriefintroductionandanalysisofanewthree-dimensional(3D)geomechanicalrestorationmethoddevelopedinrecentyears.Afteranin-depthdiscussiononthetechnicalprincipleandspecificcharacteristicsofthefields,wedesignedafeasibleworkflowfortwooil-gasfieldswithgreatunconventionaloil-gasresourcepotentialsinChina(WeiyuanandJiulongshanoil-gasfieldsofSichuan).Afterdiscussingthemajorchallengesandlimitationsofthenewtechnology,wealsosuggestitsresearcheffortsandfutureapplicationprospectItisshownthatthenewtechnologywillbeaneffectivemethodtofacilitatetheexplorationanddevelopmentofunconventionaloilandgasresourcesinChina.